Fossil

**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
******************************************************************************
**
** This SQLite extension implements functions that compute SHA3 hashes.
** Two SQL functions are implemented:
**
**     sha3(X,SIZE)
**     sha3_query(Y,SIZE)
**
** The sha3(X) function computes the SHA3 hash of the input X, or NULL if
** X is NULL.

    0,                         /* xSync */
    0,                         /* xCommit */
    0,                         /* xRollback */
    0,                         /* xFindMethod */
    0,                         /* xRename */
    0,                         /* xSavepoint */
    0,                         /* xRelease */
    0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
    0,                         /* xShadowName */
  };

  int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "fsdir", &fsdirModule, 0);
  return rc;
}
#else         /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
# define fsdirRegister(x) SQLITE_OK

  0,                         /* xSync */
  0,                         /* xCommit */
  0,                         /* xRollback */
  0,                         /* xFindMethod */
  0,                         /* xRename */
  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
  0,                         /* xRelease */
  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
  0                          /* xShadowName */
};

#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

int sqlite3CompletionVtabInit(sqlite3 *db){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE

    0,                            /* xCommit - commit transaction */
    0,                            /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
    0,                            /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
    0,                            /* xRename - rename the table */
    0,                            /* xSavepoint */
    0,                            /* xRelease */
    0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
    0,                            /* xShadowName */
  };

  return sqlite3_create_module(p->dbv, "expert", &expertModule, (void*)p);
}
/*
** End of virtual table implementation.
*************************************************************************/

#define AUTOEQP_off      0           /* Automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN is off */
#define AUTOEQP_on       1           /* Automatic EQP is on */
#define AUTOEQP_trigger  2           /* On and also show plans for triggers */
#define AUTOEQP_full     3           /* Show full EXPLAIN */

/* Allowed values for ShellState.openMode
*/
#define SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC      0      /* No open-mode specified */
#define SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL      1      /* Normal database file */
#define SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS   2      /* Use appendvfs */
#define SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE     3      /* Use the zipfile virtual table */
#define SHELL_OPEN_READONLY    4      /* Open a normal database read-only */
#define SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE 5      /* Open using sqlite3_deserialize() */

/*
** These are the allowed shellFlgs values
*/
#define SHFLG_Pagecache      0x00000001 /* The --pagecache option is used */
#define SHFLG_Lookaside      0x00000002 /* Lookaside memory is used */
#define SHFLG_Backslash      0x00000004 /* The --backslash option is used */

  if( x!=sz ){
    sqlite3_result_error(context, "could not read back the whole file", -1);
    goto edit_func_end;
  }
  if( bBin ){
    sqlite3_result_blob64(context, p, sz, sqlite3_free);
  }else{
    sqlite3_int64 i, j;
    if( hasCRNL ){
      /* If the original contains \r\n then do no conversions back to \n */
      j = sz;
    }else{
      /* If the file did not originally contain \r\n then convert any new
      ** \r\n back into \n */
      for(i=j=0; i<sz; i++){

    sqlite3_free(zErr);
    free(zQ2);
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Text of help messages.
**
** The help text for each individual command begins with a line that starts
** with ".".  Subsequent lines are supplimental information.
**
** There must be two or more spaces between the end of the command and the
** start of the description of what that command does.
*/
static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
#if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
  ".archive ...             Manage SQL archives",
  "   Each command must have exactly one of the following options:",
  "     -c, --create               Create a new archive",
  "     -u, --update               Update or add files to an existing archive",
  "     -t, --list                 List contents of archive",
  "     -x, --extract              Extract files from archive",
  "   Optional arguments:",
  "     -v, --verbose              Print each filename as it is processed",
  "     -f FILE, --file FILE       Operate on archive FILE (default is current db)",
  "     -a FILE, --append FILE     Operate on FILE opened using the apndvfs VFS",
  "     -C DIR, --directory DIR    Change to directory DIR to read/extract files",
  "     -n, --dryrun               Show the SQL that would have occurred",
  "   Examples:",
  "     .ar -cf archive.sar foo bar  # Create archive.sar from files foo and bar",
  "     .ar -tf archive.sar          # List members of archive.sar",
  "     .ar -xvf archive.sar         # Verbosely extract files from archive.sar",
  "   See also:",
  "      http://sqlite.org/cli.html#sqlar_archive_support",
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  ".auth ON|OFF             Show authorizer callbacks",
#endif
  ".backup ?DB? FILE        Backup DB (default \"main\") to FILE",
  "       --append            Use the appendvfs",
  ".bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF",
  ".binary on|off           Turn binary output on or off.  Default OFF",
  ".cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY",
  ".changes on|off          Show number of rows changed by SQL",
  ".check GLOB              Fail if output since .testcase does not match",
  ".clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database",
  ".databases               List names and files of attached databases",
  ".dbconfig ?op? ?val?     List or change sqlite3_db_config() options",
  ".dbinfo ?DB?             Show status information about the database",
  ".dump ?TABLE? ...        Render all database content as SQL",
  "   Options:",
  "     --preserve-rowids      Include ROWID values in the output",
  "     --newlines             Allow unescaped newline characters in output",
  "   TABLE is LIKE pattern for the tables to dump",
  ".echo on|off             Turn command echo on or off",
  ".eqp on|off|full         Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN",
  ".excel                   Display the output of next command in a spreadsheet",
  ".exit ?CODE?             Exit this program with return-code CODE",
  ".expert                  EXPERIMENTAL. Suggest indexes for specified queries",
/* Because explain mode comes on automatically now, the ".explain" mode
** is removed from the help screen.  It is still supported for legacy, however */
/*".explain ?on|off|auto?   Turn EXPLAIN output mode on or off or to automatic",*/
  ".fullschema ?--indent?   Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables",
  ".headers on|off          Turn display of headers on or off",
  ".help ?-all? ?PATTERN?   Show help text for PATTERN",
  ".import FILE TABLE       Import data from FILE into TABLE",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL
  ".imposter INDEX TABLE    Create imposter table TABLE on index INDEX",
#endif
  ".indexes ?TABLE?         Show names of indexes",
  "                           If TABLE is specified, only show indexes for",
  "                           tables matching TABLE using the LIKE operator.",
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
  ".iotrace FILE            Enable I/O diagnostic logging to FILE",
#endif
  ".limit ?LIMIT? ?VAL?     Display or change the value of an SQLITE_LIMIT",
  ".lint OPTIONS            Report potential schema issues.",
  "     Options:",
  "        fkey-indexes     Find missing foreign key indexes",
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
  ".load FILE ?ENTRY?       Load an extension library",
#endif
  ".log FILE|off            Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout",
  ".mode MODE ?TABLE?       Set output mode",
  "   MODE is one of:",
  "     ascii    Columns/rows delimited by 0x1F and 0x1E",
  "     csv      Comma-separated values",
  "     column   Left-aligned columns.  (See .width)",
  "     html     HTML <table> code",
  "     insert   SQL insert statements for TABLE",
  "     line     One value per line",
  "     list     Values delimited by \"|\"",
  "     quote    Escape answers as for SQL",
  "     tabs     Tab-separated values",
  "     tcl      TCL list elements",
  ".nullvalue STRING        Use STRING in place of NULL values",
  ".once (-e|-x|FILE)       Output for the next SQL command only to FILE",
  "     If FILE begins with '|' then open as a pipe",
  "     Other options:",
  "       -e    Invoke system text editor",
  "       -x    Open in a spreadsheet",
  ".open ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Close existing database and reopen FILE",
  "     Options:",
  "        --append        Use appendvfs to append database to the end of FILE",
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
  "        --deserialize   Load into memory useing sqlite3_deserialize()",
#endif
  "        --new           Initialize FILE to an empty database",



  "        --readonly      Open FILE readonly",



  "        --zip           FILE is a ZIP archive",



  ".output ?FILE?           Send output to FILE or stdout if FILE is omitted",
  "     If FILE begins with '|' then open it as a pipe.",
  ".print STRING...         Print literal STRING",
  ".prompt MAIN CONTINUE    Replace the standard prompts",
  ".quit                    Exit this program",
  ".read FILE               Read input from FILE",
  ".restore ?DB? FILE       Restore content of DB (default \"main\") from FILE",
  ".save FILE               Write in-memory database into FILE",
  ".scanstats on|off        Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off",
  ".schema ?PATTERN?        Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN",
  "     Options:",
  "         --indent            Try to pretty-print the schema",
  ".selftest ?OPTIONS?      Run tests defined in the SELFTEST table",
  "    Options:",
  "       --init               Create a new SELFTEST table",
  "       -v                   Verbose output",
  ".separator COL ?ROW?     Change the column and row separators",
#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
  ".session ?NAME? CMD ...  Create or control sessions",
  "   Subcommands:",
  "     attach TABLE             Attach TABLE",
  "     changeset FILE           Write a changeset into FILE",
  "     close                    Close one session",
  "     enable ?BOOLEAN?         Set or query the enable bit",
  "     filter GLOB...           Reject tables matching GLOBs",
  "     indirect ?BOOLEAN?       Mark or query the indirect status",
  "     isempty                  Query whether the session is empty",
  "     list                     List currently open session names",
  "     open DB NAME             Open a new session on DB",
  "     patchset FILE            Write a patchset into FILE",
  "   If ?NAME? is omitted, the first defined session is used.",
#endif
  ".sha3sum ...             Compute a SHA3 hash of database content",
  "    Options:",
  "      --schema              Also hash the sqlite_master table",
  "      --sha3-224            Use the sha3-224 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-256            Use the sha3-256 algorithm.  This is the default.",
  "      --sha3-384            Use the sha3-384 algorithm",
  "      --sha3-512            Use the sha3-512 algorithm",
  "    Any other argument is a LIKE pattern for tables to hash",





#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
  ".shell CMD ARGS...       Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
#endif
  ".show                    Show the current values for various settings",
  ".stats ?on|off?          Show stats or turn stats on or off",
#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
  ".system CMD ARGS...      Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
#endif
  ".tables ?TABLE?          List names of tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE",


  ".testcase NAME           Begin redirecting output to 'testcase-out.txt'",
  ".timeout MS              Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds",
  ".timer on|off            Turn SQL timer on or off",
  ".trace FILE|off          Output each SQL statement as it is run",
  ".vfsinfo ?AUX?           Information about the top-level VFS",
  ".vfslist                 List all available VFSes",
  ".vfsname ?AUX?           Print the name of the VFS stack",
  ".width NUM1 NUM2 ...     Set column widths for \"column\" mode",
  "     Negative values right-justify",
};

/*
** Output help text.
**
** zPattern describes the set of commands for which help text is provided.
** If zPattern is NULL, then show all commands, but only give a one-line
** description of each.
**
** Return the number of matches.
*/
static int showHelp(FILE *out, const char *zPattern){
  int i = 0;
  int j = 0;
  int n = 0;
  char *zPat;
  if( zPattern==0
   || zPattern[0]=='0'
   || strcmp(zPattern,"-a")==0
   || strcmp(zPattern,"-all")==0
  ){
    /* Show all commands, but only one line per command */
    if( zPattern==0 ) zPattern = "";
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
      if( azHelp[i][0]=='.' || zPattern[0] ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
        n++;
      }


    }
  }else{
    /* Look for commands that for which zPattern is an exact prefix */


    zPat = sqlite3_mprintf(".%s*", zPattern);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
      if( sqlite3_strglob(zPat, azHelp[i])==0 ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
        j = i+1;
        n++;


      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zPat);
    if( n ){
      if( n==1 ){
        /* when zPattern is a prefix of exactly one command, then include the
        ** details of that command, which should begin at offset j */
        while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j][0]!='.' ){
          utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
          j++;
        }
      }
      return n;
    }
    /* Look for commands that contain zPattern anywhere.  Show the complete
    ** text of all commands that match. */
    zPat = sqlite3_mprintf("%%%s%%", zPattern);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
      if( azHelp[i][0]=='.' ) j = i;
      if( sqlite3_strlike(zPat, azHelp[i], 0)==0 ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
        while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j+1][0]!='.' ){
          j++;
          utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
        }
        i = j;
        n++;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zPat);
  }
  return n;
}

/* Forward reference */
static int process_input(ShellState *p, FILE *in);

/*
** Read the content of file zName into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc64()
** and return a pointer to the buffer. The caller is responsible for freeing

  size_t nRead;
  char *pBuf;
  if( in==0 ) return 0;
  fseek(in, 0, SEEK_END);
  nIn = ftell(in);
  rewind(in);
  pBuf = sqlite3_malloc64( nIn+1 );
  if( pBuf==0 ){ fclose(in); return 0; }
  nRead = fread(pBuf, nIn, 1, in);
  fclose(in);
  if( nRead!=1 ){
    sqlite3_free(pBuf);
    return 0;
  }
  pBuf[nIn] = 0;

  if( f==0 ){
    if( dfltZip && sqlite3_strlike("%.zip",zName,0)==0 ){
       return SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
    }else{
       return SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
    }
  }
  n = fread(zBuf, 16, 1, f);
  if( n==1 && memcmp(zBuf, "SQLite format 3", 16)==0 ){
    fclose(f);
    return SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
  }
  fseek(f, -25, SEEK_END);
  n = fread(zBuf, 25, 1, f);
  if( n==1 && memcmp(zBuf, "Start-Of-SQLite3-", 17)==0 ){
    rc = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
  }else{
    fseek(f, -22, SEEK_END);
    n = fread(zBuf, 22, 1, f);

      }
    }
    switch( p->openMode ){
      case SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS: {
        sqlite3_open_v2(p->zDbFilename, &p->db, 
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, "apndvfs");
        break;
      }
      case SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE: {
        sqlite3_open(0, &p->db);
        break;
      }
      case SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE: {
        sqlite3_open(":memory:", &p->db);
        break;
      }
      case SHELL_OPEN_READONLY: {
        sqlite3_open_v2(p->zDbFilename, &p->db, SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY, 0);

#endif
    if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE ){
      char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
         "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE zip USING zipfile(%Q);", p->zDbFilename);
      sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_free(zSql);
    }
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
    else if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE ){
      int nData = 0;
      unsigned char *aData = (unsigned char*)readFile(p->zDbFilename, &nData);
      int rc = sqlite3_deserialize(p->db, "main", aData, nData, nData,
                   SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE |
                   SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: sqlite3_deserialize() returns %d\n", rc);
      }
    }
#endif
  }
}

/*
** Attempt to close the databaes connection.  Report errors.
*/
void close_db(sqlite3 *db){

){
  *ppStmt = 0;
  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
    va_list ap;
    char *z;
    va_start(ap, zFmt);
    z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    if( z==0 ){
      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    }else{
      shellPrepare(db, pRc, z, ppStmt);
      sqlite3_free(z);
    }
  }

  sqlite3 *db;                    /* Database containing the archive */
};

/*
** Print a usage message for the .ar command to stderr and return SQLITE_ERROR.
*/
static int arUsage(FILE *f){



  showHelp(f,"archive");






















  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

/*
** Print an error message for the .ar command to stderr and return 
** SQLITE_ERROR.
*/

    { "directory", 'C', AR_SWITCH_DIRECTORY, 1 },
    { "dryrun",    'n', AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN,    0 },
  };
  int nSwitch = sizeof(aSwitch) / sizeof(struct ArSwitch);
  struct ArSwitch *pEnd = &aSwitch[nSwitch];

  if( nArg<=1 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Wrong number of arguments.  Usage:\n");
    return arUsage(stderr);
  }else{
    char *z = azArg[1];
    if( z[0]!='-' ){
      /* Traditional style [tar] invocation */
      int i;
      int iArg = 2;

      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
      sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='d' && n>=3 && strncmp(azArg[0], "dbconfig", n)==0 ){
    static const struct DbConfigChoices {
      const char *zName;
      int op;
    } aDbConfig[] = {
        { "enable_fkey",      SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY            },
        { "enable_trigger",   SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER         },
        { "fts3_tokenizer",   SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER  },
        { "load_extension",   SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION  },
        { "no_ckpt_on_close", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE       },
        { "enable_qpsg",      SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG            },
        { "trigger_eqp",      SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP            },
        { "reset_database",   SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE         },
        { "defensive",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE              },
    };
    int ii, v;
    open_db(p, 0);
    for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aDbConfig); ii++){
      if( nArg>1 && strcmp(azArg[1], aDbConfig[ii].zName)!=0 ) continue;
      if( nArg>=3 ){
        sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, booleanValue(azArg[2]), 0);

    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .headers on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='h' && strncmp(azArg[0], "help", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg>=2 ){
      n = showHelp(p->out, azArg[1]);
      if( n==0 ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "Nothing matches '%s'\n", azArg[1]);
      }
    }else{
      showHelp(p->out, 0);
    }
  }else

  if( c=='i' && strncmp(azArg[0], "import", n)==0 ){
    char *zTable;               /* Insert data into this table */
    char *zFile;                /* Name of file to extra content from */
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = NULL; /* A statement */
    int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the table */

      }else if( optionMatch(z, "zip") ){
        p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
#endif
      }else if( optionMatch(z, "append") ){
        p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
      }else if( optionMatch(z, "readonly") ){
        p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_READONLY;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
      }else if( optionMatch(z, "deserialize") ){
        p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
#endif
      }else if( z[0]=='-' ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "unknown option: %s\n", z);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    /* If a filename is specified, try to open it first */

      pSession->nFilter = 0;
      sqlite3session_table_filter(pSession->p, session_filter, pSession);
      p->nSession++;
      pSession->zName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zName);
    }else
    /* If no command name matches, show a syntax error */
    session_syntax_error:
    showHelp(p->out, "session");
  }else
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  /* Undocumented commands for internal testing.  Subject to change
  ** without notice. */
  if( c=='s' && n>=10 && strncmp(azArg[0], "selftest-", 9)==0 ){

      zVfs = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-zip")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
#endif
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-append")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-deserialize")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
#endif
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-readonly")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_READONLY;
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
    }else if( strncmp(z, "-A",2)==0 ){
      /* All remaining command-line arguments are passed to the ".archive"
      ** command, so ignore them */
      break;

      memcpy(data.colSeparator,",",2);
#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-zip")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
#endif
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-append")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-deserialize")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
#endif
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-readonly")==0 ){
      data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_READONLY;
    }else if( strcmp(z,"-ascii")==0 ){
      data.mode = MODE_Ascii;
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.colSeparator), data.colSeparator,
                       SEP_Unit);
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.rowSeparator), data.rowSeparator,

    }
    free(azCmd);
  }else{
    /* Run commands received from standard input
    */
    if( stdin_is_interactive ){
      char *zHome;
      char *zHistory;
      int nHistory;
      printf(
        "SQLite version %s %.19s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
        "Enter \".help\" for usage hints.\n",
        sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid()
      );
      if( warnInmemoryDb ){
        printf("Connected to a ");
        printBold("transient in-memory database");
        printf(".\nUse \".open FILENAME\" to reopen on a "
               "persistent database.\n");
      }
      zHistory = getenv("SQLITE_HISTORY");
      if( zHistory ){
        zHistory = strdup(zHistory);
      }else if( (zHome = find_home_dir(0))!=0 ){

        nHistory = strlen30(zHome) + 20;
        if( (zHistory = malloc(nHistory))!=0 ){
          sqlite3_snprintf(nHistory, zHistory,"%s/.sqlite_history", zHome);
        }
      }
      if( zHistory ){ shell_read_history(zHistory); }
#if HAVE_READLINE || HAVE_EDITLINE

/******************************************************************************
** This file is an amalgamation of many separate C source files from SQLite
** version 3.26.0.  By combining all the individual C code files into this
** single large file, the entire code can be compiled as a single translation
** unit.  This allows many compilers to do optimizations that would not be
** possible if the files were compiled separately.  Performance improvements
** of 5% or more are commonly seen when SQLite is compiled as a single
** translation unit.
**
** This file is all you need to compile SQLite.  To use SQLite in other

  "ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
  "ENABLE_FTS4",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
  "ENABLE_FTS5",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_GEOPOLY
  "ENABLE_GEOPOLY",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
  "ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_ICU
  "ENABLE_ICU",
#endif

  "ENABLE_MEMSYS3",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
  "ENABLE_MEMSYS5",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
  "ENABLE_MULTIPLEX",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  "ENABLE_NORMALIZE",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
  "ENABLE_NULL_TRIM",
#endif
#if SQLITE_ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK
  "ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK",
#endif

** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.26.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3026000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2018-11-12 15:20:44 f9755f81b1c0fd29f242dce78a2fba570fa2714d76e93b8563f426a040352513"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
** is invoked.
**
** <dl>
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the 
** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the

** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
** when the "current value" returned by
** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns 
** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
** There should be two additional arguments.
** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
** There should be two additional arguments.
** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
** unchanged.
** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
** There should be two additional arguments.
** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
** C-API or the SQL function.
** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
** until after the database connection closes.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]] 
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a 
** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no 
** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint 
** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
** was used during testing in the lab.
** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable 
** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
** following this call.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not 
** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written 
** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if 
** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.  
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
** a badly corrupted database file:
** <ol>
** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
**      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
**      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
**      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
**      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
**      the reset.  
** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
** </ol>
** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to 
** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
** features include but are not limited to the following:
** <ul>
** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
** </ul>
** </dd>
** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1010 /* Largest DBCONFIG */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
** METHOD: sqlite3
**
** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result

** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will 
** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
**
** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag indicates that a normalized
** representation of the SQL statement should be calculated and then
** associated with the prepared statement, which can be obtained via
** the [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  The semantics used to
** normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject to change.
** At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
** placeholders.
** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
#define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
** METHOD: sqlite3
** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
**

** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
** [bound parameters] expanded.
** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
** placeholders.
**
** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
**
** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
**
** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
**
** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
** statement is finalized.
** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
*/
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
**
** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to

                       void **ppArg);
  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those 
  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
  /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
  int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
**
** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part

** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
**
** These macros define the various options to the
** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
**
** <dl>
** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
** <dd>Calls of the form
** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire

** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset 
** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when 
** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by 
** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited 
** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change 
** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit 
** another change for table X.
**
** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_start_v2() and its streaming equivalent
** may be modified by passing a combination of
** [SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT | supported flags] as the 4th parameter.
**
** Note that the sqlite3changeset_start_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
** and therefore subject to change.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
  void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2(
  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
  void *pChangeset,               /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
  int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETSTART_* flags */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_start_v2
**
** The following flags may passed via the 4th parameter to
** [sqlite3changeset_start_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm]:
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
**   Invert the changeset while iterating through it. This is equivalent to
**   inverting a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it.
**   It is an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
*/
#define SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT        0x0002


/*
** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
**
** This function may only be used with iterators created by function

  int(*xConflict)(
    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
    int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
    sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
  ),
  void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
  void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
  int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_apply_v2
**
** The following flags may passed via the 9th parameter to
** [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm]:
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT <dd>
**   Usually, the sessions module encloses all operations performed by
**   a single call to apply_v2() or apply_v2_strm() in a [SAVEPOINT]. The
**   SAVEPOINT is committed if the changeset or patchset is successfully
**   applied, or rolled back if an error occurs. Specifying this flag
**   causes the sessions module to omit this savepoint. In this case, if the
**   caller has an open transaction or savepoint when apply_v2() is called, 
**   it may revert the partially applied changeset by rolling it back.
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
**   Invert the changeset before applying it. This is equivalent to inverting
**   a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it. It is
**   an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
*/
#define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
#define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002

/* 
** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
**
** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
**
** <dl>

  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
  void *pOut
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
  void *pIn
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm(
  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
  void *pIn,
  int flags
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
  sqlite3_session *pSession,
  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
  void *pOut
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(

  sqlite3_rebaser *pRebaser,
  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
  void *pIn,
  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
  void *pOut
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure global parameters
**
** The sqlite3session_config() interface is used to make global configuration
** changes to the sessions module in order to tune it to the specific needs 
** of the application.
**
** The sqlite3session_config() interface is not threadsafe. If it is invoked
** while any other thread is inside any other sessions method then the
** results are undefined. Furthermore, if it is invoked after any sessions
** related objects have been created, the results are also undefined. 
**
** The first argument to the sqlite3session_config() function must be one
** of the SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_XXX constants defined below. The 
** interpretation of the (void*) value passed as the second parameter and
** the effect of calling this function depends on the value of the first
** parameter.
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE<dd>
**    By default, the sessions module streaming interfaces attempt to input
**    and output data in approximately 1 KiB chunks. This operand may be used
**    to set and query the value of this configuration setting. The pointer
**    passed as the second argument must point to a value of type (int).
**    If this value is greater than 0, it is used as the new streaming data
**    chunk size for both input and output. Before returning, the (int) value
**    pointed to by pArg is set to the final value of the streaming interface
**    chunk size.
** </dl>
**
** This function returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
** otherwise.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_config(int op, void *pArg);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Values for sqlite3session_config().
*/
#define SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
*/
#if 0
}
#endif

};

/*
** A hash table for built-in function definitions.  (Application-defined
** functions use a regular table table from hash.h.)
**
** Hash each FuncDef structure into one of the FuncDefHash.a[] slots.
** Collisions are on the FuncDef.u.pHash chain.  Use the SQLITE_FUNC_HASH()
** macro to compute a hash on the function name.
*/
#define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ 23
struct FuncDefHash {
  FuncDef *a[SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ];       /* Hash table for functions */
};
#define SQLITE_FUNC_HASH(C,L) (((C)+(L))%SQLITE_FUNC_HASH_SZ)

#ifdef SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
/*
** Information held in the "sqlite3" database connection object and used
** to manage user authentication.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_userauth sqlite3_userauth;

  sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;            /* OS Interface */
  struct Vdbe *pVdbe;           /* List of active virtual machines */
  CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
  sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Connection mutex */
  Db *aDb;                      /* All backends */
  int nDb;                      /* Number of backends currently in use */
  u32 mDbFlags;                 /* flags recording internal state */
  u64 flags;                    /* flags settable by pragmas. See below */
  i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
  i64 szMmap;                   /* Default mmap_size setting */
  u32 nSchemaLock;              /* Do not reset the schema when non-zero */
  unsigned int openFlags;       /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
  int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
  int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
  int iSysErrno;                /* Errno value from last system error */

#define SQLITE_QueryOnly      0x00100000  /* Disable database changes */
#define SQLITE_CellSizeCk     0x00200000  /* Check btree cell sizes on load */
#define SQLITE_Fts3Tokenizer  0x00400000  /* Enable fts3_tokenizer(2) */
#define SQLITE_EnableQPSG     0x00800000  /* Query Planner Stability Guarantee*/
#define SQLITE_TriggerEQP     0x01000000  /* Show trigger EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
#define SQLITE_ResetDatabase  0x02000000  /* Reset the database */
#define SQLITE_LegacyAlter    0x04000000  /* Legacy ALTER TABLE behaviour */
#define SQLITE_NoSchemaError  0x08000000  /* Do not report schema parse errors*/
#define SQLITE_Defensive      0x10000000  /* Input SQL is likely hostile */

/* Flags used only if debugging */
#define HI(X)  ((u64)(X)<<32)
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
#define SQLITE_SqlTrace       HI(0x0001)  /* Debug print SQL as it executes */
#define SQLITE_VdbeListing    HI(0x0002)  /* Debug listings of VDBE progs */
#define SQLITE_VdbeTrace      HI(0x0004)  /* True to trace VDBE execution */
#define SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace HI(0x0008)  /* Trace sqlite3VdbeAddOp() calls */
#define SQLITE_VdbeEQP        HI(0x0010)  /* Debug EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
#endif

/*
** Allowed values for sqlite3.mDbFlags
*/
#define DBFLAG_SchemaChange   0x0001  /* Uncommitted Hash table changes */
#define DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin  0x0002  /* Preference to built-in funcs */

/*
** The schema for each SQL table and view is represented in memory
** by an instance of the following structure.
*/
struct Table {
  char *zName;         /* Name of the table or view */
  Column *aCol;        /* Information about each column */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  Hash *pColHash;      /* All columns indexed by name */
#endif
  Index *pIndex;       /* List of SQL indexes on this table. */
  Select *pSelect;     /* NULL for tables.  Points to definition if a view. */
  FKey *pFKey;         /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
  char *zColAff;       /* String defining the affinity of each column */
  ExprList *pCheck;    /* All CHECK constraints */
                       /*   ... also used as column name list in a VIEW */
  int tnum;            /* Root BTree page for this table */

#define TF_HasStat1        0x0010    /* nRowLogEst set from sqlite_stat1 */
#define TF_WithoutRowid    0x0020    /* No rowid.  PRIMARY KEY is the key */
#define TF_NoVisibleRowid  0x0040    /* No user-visible "rowid" column */
#define TF_OOOHidden       0x0080    /* Out-of-Order hidden columns */
#define TF_StatsUsed       0x0100    /* Query planner decisions affected by
                                     ** Index.aiRowLogEst[] values */
#define TF_HasNotNull      0x0200    /* Contains NOT NULL constraints */
#define TF_Shadow          0x0400    /* True for a shadow table */

/*
** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
** table support is omitted from the build.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE

  void *p;          /* Pointer to sampled record */
  int n;            /* Size of record in bytes */
  tRowcnt *anEq;    /* Est. number of rows where the key equals this sample */
  tRowcnt *anLt;    /* Est. number of rows where key is less than this sample */
  tRowcnt *anDLt;   /* Est. number of distinct keys less than this sample */
};

/*
** Possible values to use within the flags argument to sqlite3GetToken().
*/
#define SQLITE_TOKEN_QUOTED    0x1 /* Token is a quoted identifier. */
#define SQLITE_TOKEN_KEYWORD   0x2 /* Token is a keyword. */

/*
** Each token coming out of the lexer is an instance of
** this structure.  Tokens are also used as part of an expression.
**
** The memory that "z" points to is owned by other objects.  Take care
** that the owner of the "z" string does not deallocate the string before
** the Token goes out of scope!  Very often, the "z" points to some place

                         ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: column of the result vector */
  i16 iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
  i16 iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
  u8 op2;                /* TK_REGISTER: original value of Expr.op
                         ** TK_COLUMN: the value of p5 for OP_Column
                         ** TK_AGG_FUNCTION: nesting depth */
  AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
  union {
    Table *pTab;           /* TK_COLUMN: Table containing column. Can be NULL
                           ** for a column of an index on an expression */

    Window *pWin;          /* TK_FUNCTION: Window definition for the func */

  } y;
};

/*
** The following are the meanings of bits in the Expr.flags field.
*/
#define EP_FromJoin  0x000001 /* Originates in ON/USING clause of outer join */
#define EP_Agg       0x000002 /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */

#define EP_NoReduce  0x020000 /* Cannot EXPRDUP_REDUCE this Expr */
#define EP_Unlikely  0x040000 /* unlikely() or likelihood() function */
#define EP_ConstFunc 0x080000 /* A SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT or _SLOCHNG function */
#define EP_CanBeNull 0x100000 /* Can be null despite NOT NULL constraint */
#define EP_Subquery  0x200000 /* Tree contains a TK_SELECT operator */
#define EP_Alias     0x400000 /* Is an alias for a result set column */
#define EP_Leaf      0x800000 /* Expr.pLeft, .pRight, .u.pSelect all NULL */
#define EP_WinFunc  0x1000000 /* TK_FUNCTION with Expr.y.pWin set */

/*
** The EP_Propagate mask is a set of properties that automatically propagate
** upwards into parent nodes.
*/
#define EP_Propagate (EP_Collate|EP_Subquery|EP_HasFunc)

**    OPFLAG_SEEKEQ       == BTREE_SEEK_EQ
**    OPFLAG_FORDELETE    == BTREE_FORDELETE
**    OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION == BTREE_SAVEPOSITION
**    OPFLAG_AUXDELETE    == BTREE_AUXDELETE
*/
#define OPFLAG_NCHANGE       0x01    /* OP_Insert: Set to update db->nChange */
                                     /* Also used in P2 (not P5) of OP_Delete */
#define OPFLAG_NOCHNG        0x01    /* OP_VColumn nochange for UPDATE */
#define OPFLAG_EPHEM         0x01    /* OP_Column: Ephemeral output is ok */
#define OPFLAG_LASTROWID     0x20    /* Set to update db->lastRowid */
#define OPFLAG_ISUPDATE      0x04    /* This OP_Insert is an sql UPDATE */
#define OPFLAG_APPEND        0x08    /* This is likely to be an append */
#define OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT 0x10    /* Try to avoid a seek in BtreeInsert() */
#define OPFLAG_ISNOOP        0x40    /* OP_Delete does pre-update-hook only */
#define OPFLAG_LENGTHARG     0x40    /* OP_Column only used for length() */

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsIdChar(u8);

/*
** Internal function prototypes
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3StrICmp(const char*,const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Strlen30(const char*);
#define sqlite3Strlen30NN(C) (strlen(C)&0x3fffffff)
SQLITE_PRIVATE char *sqlite3ColumnType(Column*,char*);
#define sqlite3StrNICmp sqlite3_strnicmp

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3MallocInit(void);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3MallocEnd(void);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3Malloc(u64);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3MallocZero(u64);

SQLITE_PRIVATE   void *sqlite3TestTextToPtr(const char*);
#endif

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView*, const Expr*, u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewBareExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewExprList(TreeView*, const ExprList*, u8, const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(TreeView*, const SrcList*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView*, const Select*, u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewWith(TreeView*, const With*, u8);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3TreeViewWinFunc(TreeView*, const Window*, u8);
#endif
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprContainsSubquery(Expr*);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(Expr*, int*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(const Expr*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr*, char);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsRowidN(const char*, int);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
    Parse*,Table*,Trigger*,int,int,int,i16,u8,u8,u8,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int, int*,Index*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ResolvePartIdxLabel(Parse*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(Expr*,int*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(Parse*,Table*,int*,int,int,int,int,
                                     u8,u8,int,int*,int*,Upsert*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM
SQLITE_PRIVATE   void sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(Vdbe*,Table*);
#else
# define sqlite3SetMakeRecordP5(A,B)
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3CompleteInsertion(Parse*,Table*,int,int,int,int*,int,int,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(Parse*, Table*, int, u8, int, u8*, int*, int*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(Parse*, int, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3MayAbort(Parse*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3HaltConstraint(Parse*, int, int, char*, i8, u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(Parse*, int, Index*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3RowidConstraint(Parse*, int, Table*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE Expr *sqlite3ExprDup(sqlite3*,Expr*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3*,ExprList*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3*,SrcList*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3*,IdList*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3*,Select*,int);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE FuncDef *sqlite3FunctionSearchN(int,const char*,int);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3InsertBuiltinFuncs(FuncDef*,int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE FuncDef *sqlite3FindFunction(sqlite3*,const char*,int,u8,u8);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(void);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3RegisterPerConnectionBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);

SQLITE_PRIVATE CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
SQLITE_PRIVATE CollSeq *sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprCollSeqMatch(Parse*,Expr*,Expr*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(Parse *pParse, Expr*, const Token*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE Expr *sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(Parse*,Expr*,const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3WritableSchema(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse *, const char *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3AddInt64(i64*,i64);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3SubInt64(i64*,i64);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3MulInt64(i64*,i64);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3AbsInt32(int);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES

#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3RootPageMoved(sqlite3*, int, int, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3Reindex(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3AlterFunctions(void);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3AlterRenameColumn(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3GetTokenNormalized(const unsigned char *, int *, int *);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse*, Expr *, int, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3SelectPrep(Parse*, Select*, NameContext*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3SelectWrongNumTermsError(Parse *pParse, Select *p);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3MatchSpanName(const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(NameContext*, Expr*);

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, VTable *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE sqlite3_int64 sqlite3StmtCurrentTime(sqlite3_context*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3VdbeParameterIndex(Vdbe*, const char*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3TransferBindings(sqlite3_stmt *, sqlite3_stmt *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ParserReset(Parse*);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3Normalize(Vdbe*, const char*, int, u8);
#endif
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3TempInMemory(const sqlite3*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE const char *sqlite3JournalModename(int);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
SQLITE_PRIVATE   int sqlite3Checkpoint(sqlite3*, int, int, int*, int*);

  bft usesStmtJournal:1;  /* True if uses a statement journal */
  bft readOnly:1;         /* True for statements that do not write */
  bft bIsReader:1;        /* True for statements that read */
  yDbMask btreeMask;      /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
  yDbMask lockMask;       /* Subset of btreeMask that requires a lock */
  u32 aCounter[7];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
  char *zSql;             /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  char *zNormSql;         /* Normalization of the associated SQL statement */
#endif
  void *pFree;            /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
  VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* Parent frame */
  VdbeFrame *pDelFrame;   /* List of frame objects to free on VM reset */
  int nFrame;             /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
  u32 expmask;            /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */
  SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Linked list of all sub-programs used by VM */
  AuxData *pAuxData;      /* Linked list of auxdata allocations */

      sqlite3TreeViewSelect(pView, pCte->pSelect, 0);
      sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    }
    sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
  }
}

/*
** Generate a human-readable description of a SrcList object.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(TreeView *pView, const SrcList *pSrc){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<pSrc->nSrc; i++){
    const struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pSrc->a[i];
    StrAccum x;
    char zLine[100];
    sqlite3StrAccumInit(&x, 0, zLine, sizeof(zLine), 0);
    sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, "{%d,*}", pItem->iCursor);
    if( pItem->zDatabase ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s.%s", pItem->zDatabase, pItem->zName);
    }else if( pItem->zName ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " %s", pItem->zName);
    }
    if( pItem->pTab ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " tabname=%Q", pItem->pTab->zName);
    }
    if( pItem->zAlias ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " (AS %s)", pItem->zAlias);
    }
    if( pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT ){
      sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, " LEFT-JOIN");
    }
    sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&x);
    sqlite3TreeViewItem(pView, zLine, i<pSrc->nSrc-1); 
    if( pItem->pSelect ){
      sqlite3TreeViewSelect(pView, pItem->pSelect, 0);
    }
    if( pItem->fg.isTabFunc ){
      sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pItem->u1.pFuncArg, 0, "func-args:");
    }
    sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
  }
}

/*
** Generate a human-readable description of a Select object.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3TreeViewSelect(TreeView *pView, const Select *p, u8 moreToFollow){
  int n = 0;
  int cnt = 0;

      for(pX=p->pWin; pX; pX=pX->pNextWin){
        sqlite3TreeViewWinFunc(pView, pX, pX->pNextWin!=0);
      }
      sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    }
#endif
    if( p->pSrc && p->pSrc->nSrc ){

      pView = sqlite3TreeViewPush(pView, (n--)>0);
      sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "FROM");




























      sqlite3TreeViewSrcList(pView, p->pSrc);

      sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    }
    if( p->pWhere ){
      sqlite3TreeViewItem(pView, "WHERE", (n--)>0);
      sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, p->pWhere, 0);
      sqlite3TreeViewPop(pView);
    }

      Window *pWin;
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly) ){
        pFarg = 0;
        pWin = 0;
      }else{
        pFarg = pExpr->x.pList;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
        pWin = pExpr->y.pWin;
#else
        pWin = 0;
#endif 
      }
      if( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION ){
        sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "AGG_FUNCTION%d %Q",
                             pExpr->op2, pExpr->u.zToken);

    ** 0x9e3779b1 is 2654435761 which is the closest prime number to
    ** (2**32)*golden_ratio, where golden_ratio = (sqrt(5) - 1)/2. */
    h += sqlite3UpperToLower[c];
    h *= 0x9e3779b1;
  }
  return h;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
static unsigned int strHashN(const char *z, int n){
  unsigned int h = 0;
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<n; i++){
    /* Knuth multiplicative hashing.  (Sorting & Searching, p. 510).
    ** 0x9e3779b1 is 2654435761 which is the closest prime number to
    ** (2**32)*golden_ratio, where golden_ratio = (sqrt(5) - 1)/2. */
    h += sqlite3UpperToLower[z[i]];
    h *= 0x9e3779b1;
  }
  return h;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */


/* Link pNew element into the hash table pH.  If pEntry!=0 then also
** insert pNew into the pEntry hash bucket.
*/
static void insertElement(
  Hash *pH,              /* The complete hash table */

    if( sqlite3StrICmp(elem->pKey,pKey)==0 ){ 
      return elem;
    }
    elem = elem->next;
  }
  return &nullElement;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
static HashElem *findElementWithHashN(
  const Hash *pH,     /* The pH to be searched */
  const char *pKey,   /* The key we are searching for */
  int nKey,           /* Number of key bytes to use */
  unsigned int *pHash /* Write the hash value here */
){
  HashElem *elem;                /* Used to loop thru the element list */
  int count;                     /* Number of elements left to test */
  unsigned int h;                /* The computed hash */
  static HashElem nullElement = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

  if( pH->ht ){   /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
    struct _ht *pEntry;
    h = strHashN(pKey, nKey) % pH->htsize;
    pEntry = &pH->ht[h];
    elem = pEntry->chain;
    count = pEntry->count;
  }else{
    h = 0;
    elem = pH->first;
    count = pH->count;
  }
  if( pHash ) *pHash = h;
  while( count-- ){
    assert( elem!=0 );
    if( sqlite3StrNICmp(elem->pKey,pKey,nKey)==0 ){ 
      return elem;
    }
    elem = elem->next;
  }
  return &nullElement;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */

/* Remove a single entry from the hash table given a pointer to that
** element and a hash on the element's key.
*/
static void removeElementGivenHash(
  Hash *pH,         /* The pH containing "elem" */
  HashElem* elem,   /* The element to be removed from the pH */

** found, or NULL if there is no match.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3HashFind(const Hash *pH, const char *pKey){
  assert( pH!=0 );
  assert( pKey!=0 );
  return findElementWithHash(pH, pKey, 0)->data;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3HashFindN(const Hash *pH, const char *pKey, int nKey){
  assert( pH!=0 );
  assert( pKey!=0 );
  assert( nKey>=0 );
  return findElementWithHashN(pH, pKey, nKey, 0)->data;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */

/* Insert an element into the hash table pH.  The key is pKey
** and the data is "data".
**
** If no element exists with a matching key, then a new
** element is created and NULL is returned.
**

/*
** Allowed values of unixFile.fsFlags
*/
#define SQLITE_FSFLAGS_IS_MSDOS     0x1

/*
** If we are to be thread-safe, include the pthreads header.

*/
#if SQLITE_THREADSAFE
/* # include <pthread.h> */

#endif

/*
** Default permissions when creating a new file
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS
# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS 0644

  /* WAS:  ino_t ino;   */
  u64 ino;                   /* Inode number */
#endif
};

/*
** An instance of the following structure is allocated for each open
** inode.

**
** A single inode can have multiple file descriptors, so each unixFile
** structure contains a pointer to an instance of this object and this
** object keeps a count of the number of unixFile pointing to it.
**
** Mutex rules:
**

  sem_t *pSem;                    /* Named POSIX semaphore */
  char aSemName[MAX_PATHNAME+2];  /* Name of that semaphore */
#endif
};

/*
** A lists of all unixInodeInfo objects.
**
** Must hold unixBigLock in order to read or write this variable.
*/
static unixInodeInfo *inodeList = 0;  /* All unixInodeInfo objects */

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** True if the inode mutex (on the unixFile.pFileMutex field) is held, or not.
** This routine is used only within assert() to help verify correct mutex
** usage.
*/
int unixFileMutexHeld(unixFile *pFile){
  assert( pFile->pInode );
  return sqlite3_mutex_held(pFile->pInode->pLockMutex);
}
int unixFileMutexNotheld(unixFile *pFile){
  assert( pFile->pInode );

  }
  pInode->pUnused = 0;
}

/*
** Release a unixInodeInfo structure previously allocated by findInodeInfo().
**
** The global mutex must be held when this routine is called, but the mutex
** on the inode being deleted must NOT be held.
*/
static void releaseInodeInfo(unixFile *pFile){
  unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode;
  assert( unixMutexHeld() );
  assert( unixFileMutexNotheld(pFile) );
  if( ALWAYS(pInode) ){
    pInode->nRef--;

}

/*
** Given a file descriptor, locate the unixInodeInfo object that
** describes that file descriptor.  Create a new one if necessary.  The
** return value might be uninitialized if an error occurs.
**
** The global mutex must held when calling this routine.

**
** Return an appropriate error code.
*/
static int findInodeInfo(
  unixFile *pFile,               /* Unix file with file desc used in the key */
  unixInodeInfo **ppInode        /* Return the unixInodeInfo object here */
){

  memset(&fileId, 0, sizeof(fileId));
  fileId.dev = statbuf.st_dev;
#if OS_VXWORKS
  fileId.pId = pFile->pId;
#else
  fileId.ino = (u64)statbuf.st_ino;
#endif
  assert( unixMutexHeld() );
  pInode = inodeList;
  while( pInode && memcmp(&fileId, &pInode->fileId, sizeof(fileId)) ){
    pInode = pInode->pNext;
  }
  if( pInode==0 ){
    pInode = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pInode) );
    if( pInode==0 ){
      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    memset(pInode, 0, sizeof(*pInode));
    memcpy(&pInode->fileId, &fileId, sizeof(fileId));
    if( sqlite3GlobalConfig.bCoreMutex ){
      pInode->pLockMutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
      if( pInode->pLockMutex==0 ){
        sqlite3_free(pInode);
        return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
      }
    }
    pInode->nRef = 1;
    assert( unixMutexHeld() );
    pInode->pNext = inodeList;
    pInode->pPrev = 0;
    if( inodeList ) inodeList->pPrev = pInode;
    inodeList = pInode;
  }else{
    pInode->nRef++;
  }

** unixMutexHeld() must be true when creating or destroying
** this object or while reading or writing the following fields:
**
**      nRef
**
** The following fields are read-only after the object is created:
** 
**      hShm
**      zFilename
**
** Either unixShmNode.pShmMutex must be held or unixShmNode.nRef==0 and
** unixMutexHeld() is true when reading or writing any other field
** in this structure.
*/
struct unixShmNode {
  unixInodeInfo *pInode;     /* unixInodeInfo that owns this SHM node */
  sqlite3_mutex *pShmMutex;  /* Mutex to access this object */
  char *zFilename;           /* Name of the mmapped file */
  int hShm;                  /* Open file descriptor */
  int szRegion;              /* Size of shared-memory regions */
  u16 nRegion;               /* Size of array apRegion */
  u8 isReadonly;             /* True if read-only */
  u8 isUnlocked;             /* True if no DMS lock held */
  char **apRegion;           /* Array of mapped shared-memory regions */
  int nRef;                  /* Number of unixShm objects pointing to this */
  unixShm *pFirst;           /* All unixShm objects pointing to this */

/*
** Structure used internally by this VFS to record the state of an
** open shared memory connection.
**
** The following fields are initialized when this object is created and
** are read-only thereafter:
**
**    unixShm.pShmNode
**    unixShm.id
**
** All other fields are read/write.  The unixShm.pShmNode->pShmMutex must
** be held while accessing any read/write fields.
*/
struct unixShm {
  unixShmNode *pShmNode;     /* The underlying unixShmNode object */
  unixShm *pNext;            /* Next unixShm with the same unixShmNode */
  u8 hasMutex;               /* True if holding the unixShmNode->pShmMutex */
  u8 id;                     /* Id of this connection within its unixShmNode */
  u16 sharedMask;            /* Mask of shared locks held */
  u16 exclMask;              /* Mask of exclusive locks held */
};

/*
** Constants used for locking

){
  unixShmNode *pShmNode; /* Apply locks to this open shared-memory segment */
  struct flock f;        /* The posix advisory locking structure */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;    /* Result code form fcntl() */

  /* Access to the unixShmNode object is serialized by the caller */
  pShmNode = pFile->pInode->pShmNode;
  assert( pShmNode->nRef==0 || sqlite3_mutex_held(pShmNode->pShmMutex) );
  assert( pShmNode->nRef>0 || unixMutexHeld() );

  /* Shared locks never span more than one byte */
  assert( n==1 || lockType!=F_RDLCK );

  /* Locks are within range */
  assert( n>=1 && n<=SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK );

  if( pShmNode->hShm>=0 ){
    /* Initialize the locking parameters */
    f.l_type = lockType;
    f.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
    f.l_start = ofst;
    f.l_len = n;
    rc = osSetPosixAdvisoryLock(pShmNode->hShm, &f, pFile);
    rc = (rc!=(-1)) ? SQLITE_OK : SQLITE_BUSY;
  }

  /* Update the global lock state and do debug tracing */
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  { u16 mask;
  OSTRACE(("SHM-LOCK "));

static void unixShmPurge(unixFile *pFd){
  unixShmNode *p = pFd->pInode->pShmNode;
  assert( unixMutexHeld() );
  if( p && ALWAYS(p->nRef==0) ){
    int nShmPerMap = unixShmRegionPerMap();
    int i;
    assert( p->pInode==pFd->pInode );
    sqlite3_mutex_free(p->pShmMutex);
    for(i=0; i<p->nRegion; i+=nShmPerMap){
      if( p->hShm>=0 ){
        osMunmap(p->apRegion[i], p->szRegion);
      }else{
        sqlite3_free(p->apRegion[i]);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(p->apRegion);
    if( p->hShm>=0 ){
      robust_close(pFd, p->hShm, __LINE__);
      p->hShm = -1;
    }
    p->pInode->pShmNode = 0;
    sqlite3_free(p);
  }
}

/*

  ** process might open and use the *-shm file without truncating it.
  ** And if the *-shm file has been corrupted by a power failure or
  ** system crash, the database itself may also become corrupt.  */
  lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
  lock.l_start = UNIX_SHM_DMS;
  lock.l_len = 1;
  lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
  if( osFcntl(pShmNode->hShm, F_GETLK, &lock)!=0 ) {
    rc = SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK;
  }else if( lock.l_type==F_UNLCK ){
    if( pShmNode->isReadonly ){
      pShmNode->isUnlocked = 1;
      rc = SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT;
    }else{
      rc = unixShmSystemLock(pDbFd, F_WRLCK, UNIX_SHM_DMS, 1);
      /* The first connection to attach must truncate the -shm file.  We
      ** truncate to 3 bytes (an arbitrary small number, less than the
      ** -shm header size) rather than 0 as a system debugging aid, to
      ** help detect if a -shm file truncation is legitimate or is the work
      ** or a rogue process. */
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && robust_ftruncate(pShmNode->hShm, 3) ){
        rc = unixLogError(SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN,"ftruncate",pShmNode->zFilename);
      }
    }
  }else if( lock.l_type==F_WRLCK ){
    rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
  }

    sqlite3_snprintf(nShmFilename, zShm, 
                     SQLITE_SHM_DIRECTORY "/sqlite-shm-%x-%x",
                     (u32)sStat.st_ino, (u32)sStat.st_dev);
#else
    sqlite3_snprintf(nShmFilename, zShm, "%s-shm", zBasePath);
    sqlite3FileSuffix3(pDbFd->zPath, zShm);
#endif
    pShmNode->hShm = -1;
    pDbFd->pInode->pShmNode = pShmNode;
    pShmNode->pInode = pDbFd->pInode;
    if( sqlite3GlobalConfig.bCoreMutex ){
      pShmNode->pShmMutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
      if( pShmNode->pShmMutex==0 ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
        goto shm_open_err;
      }
    }

    if( pInode->bProcessLock==0 ){
      if( 0==sqlite3_uri_boolean(pDbFd->zPath, "readonly_shm", 0) ){
        pShmNode->hShm = robust_open(zShm, O_RDWR|O_CREAT,(sStat.st_mode&0777));
      }
      if( pShmNode->hShm<0 ){
        pShmNode->hShm = robust_open(zShm, O_RDONLY, (sStat.st_mode&0777));
        if( pShmNode->hShm<0 ){
          rc = unixLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT, "open", zShm);
          goto shm_open_err;
        }
        pShmNode->isReadonly = 1;
      }

      /* If this process is running as root, make sure that the SHM file
      ** is owned by the same user that owns the original database.  Otherwise,
      ** the original owner will not be able to connect.
      */
      robustFchown(pShmNode->hShm, sStat.st_uid, sStat.st_gid);

      rc = unixLockSharedMemory(pDbFd, pShmNode);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT ) goto shm_open_err;
    }
  }

  /* Make the new connection a child of the unixShmNode */
  p->pShmNode = pShmNode;
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  p->id = pShmNode->nextShmId++;
#endif
  pShmNode->nRef++;
  pDbFd->pShm = p;
  unixLeaveMutex();

  /* The reference count on pShmNode has already been incremented under
  ** the cover of the unixEnterMutex() mutex and the pointer from the
  ** new (struct unixShm) object to the pShmNode has been set. All that is
  ** left to do is to link the new object into the linked list starting
  ** at pShmNode->pFirst. This must be done while holding the
  ** pShmNode->pShmMutex.
  */
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  p->pNext = pShmNode->pFirst;
  pShmNode->pFirst = p;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  return rc;

  /* Jump here on any error */
shm_open_err:
  unixShmPurge(pDbFd);       /* This call frees pShmNode if required */
  sqlite3_free(p);
  unixLeaveMutex();

  if( pDbFd->pShm==0 ){
    rc = unixOpenSharedMemory(pDbFd);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
  }

  p = pDbFd->pShm;
  pShmNode = p->pShmNode;
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  if( pShmNode->isUnlocked ){
    rc = unixLockSharedMemory(pDbFd, pShmNode);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto shmpage_out;
    pShmNode->isUnlocked = 0;
  }
  assert( szRegion==pShmNode->szRegion || pShmNode->nRegion==0 );
  assert( pShmNode->pInode==pDbFd->pInode );
  assert( pShmNode->hShm>=0 || pDbFd->pInode->bProcessLock==1 );
  assert( pShmNode->hShm<0 || pDbFd->pInode->bProcessLock==0 );

  /* Minimum number of regions required to be mapped. */
  nReqRegion = ((iRegion+nShmPerMap) / nShmPerMap) * nShmPerMap;

  if( pShmNode->nRegion<nReqRegion ){
    char **apNew;                      /* New apRegion[] array */
    int nByte = nReqRegion*szRegion;   /* Minimum required file size */
    struct stat sStat;                 /* Used by fstat() */

    pShmNode->szRegion = szRegion;

    if( pShmNode->hShm>=0 ){
      /* The requested region is not mapped into this processes address space.
      ** Check to see if it has been allocated (i.e. if the wal-index file is
      ** large enough to contain the requested region).
      */
      if( osFstat(pShmNode->hShm, &sStat) ){
        rc = SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE;
        goto shmpage_out;
      }
  
      if( sStat.st_size<nByte ){
        /* The requested memory region does not exist. If bExtend is set to
        ** false, exit early. *pp will be set to NULL and SQLITE_OK returned.

          static const int pgsz = 4096;
          int iPg;

          /* Write to the last byte of each newly allocated or extended page */
          assert( (nByte % pgsz)==0 );
          for(iPg=(sStat.st_size/pgsz); iPg<(nByte/pgsz); iPg++){
            int x = 0;
            if( seekAndWriteFd(pShmNode->hShm, iPg*pgsz + pgsz-1,"",1,&x)!=1 ){
              const char *zFile = pShmNode->zFilename;
              rc = unixLogError(SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE, "write", zFile);
              goto shmpage_out;
            }
          }
        }
      }

      goto shmpage_out;
    }
    pShmNode->apRegion = apNew;
    while( pShmNode->nRegion<nReqRegion ){
      int nMap = szRegion*nShmPerMap;
      int i;
      void *pMem;
      if( pShmNode->hShm>=0 ){
        pMem = osMmap(0, nMap,
            pShmNode->isReadonly ? PROT_READ : PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, 
            MAP_SHARED, pShmNode->hShm, szRegion*(i64)pShmNode->nRegion
        );
        if( pMem==MAP_FAILED ){
          rc = unixLogError(SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP, "mmap", pShmNode->zFilename);
          goto shmpage_out;
        }
      }else{
        pMem = sqlite3_malloc64(nMap);
        if( pMem==0 ){
          rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
          goto shmpage_out;
        }
        memset(pMem, 0, nMap);
      }

      for(i=0; i<nShmPerMap; i++){
        pShmNode->apRegion[pShmNode->nRegion+i] = &((char*)pMem)[szRegion*i];
      }
      pShmNode->nRegion += nShmPerMap;
    }
  }

shmpage_out:
  if( pShmNode->nRegion>iRegion ){
    *pp = pShmNode->apRegion[iRegion];
  }else{
    *pp = 0;
  }
  if( pShmNode->isReadonly && rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = SQLITE_READONLY;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  return rc;
}

/*
** Change the lock state for a shared-memory segment.
**
** Note that the relationship between SHAREd and EXCLUSIVE locks is a little

  assert( ofst>=0 && ofst+n<=SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK );
  assert( n>=1 );
  assert( flags==(SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED)
       || flags==(SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE)
       || flags==(SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED)
       || flags==(SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE) );
  assert( n==1 || (flags & SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE)!=0 );
  assert( pShmNode->hShm>=0 || pDbFd->pInode->bProcessLock==1 );
  assert( pShmNode->hShm<0 || pDbFd->pInode->bProcessLock==0 );

  mask = (1<<(ofst+n)) - (1<<ofst);
  assert( n>1 || mask==(1<<ofst) );
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK ){
    u16 allMask = 0; /* Mask of locks held by siblings */

    /* See if any siblings hold this same lock */
    for(pX=pShmNode->pFirst; pX; pX=pX->pNext){
      if( pX==p ) continue;
      assert( (pX->exclMask & (p->exclMask|p->sharedMask))==0 );

      rc = unixShmSystemLock(pDbFd, F_WRLCK, ofst+UNIX_SHM_BASE, n);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        assert( (p->sharedMask & mask)==0 );
        p->exclMask |= mask;
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  OSTRACE(("SHM-LOCK shmid-%d, pid-%d got %03x,%03x\n",
           p->id, osGetpid(0), p->sharedMask, p->exclMask));
  return rc;
}

/*
** Implement a memory barrier or memory fence on shared memory.  

  pShmNode = p->pShmNode;

  assert( pShmNode==pDbFd->pInode->pShmNode );
  assert( pShmNode->pInode==pDbFd->pInode );

  /* Remove connection p from the set of connections associated
  ** with pShmNode */
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(pShmNode->pShmMutex);
  for(pp=&pShmNode->pFirst; (*pp)!=p; pp = &(*pp)->pNext){}
  *pp = p->pNext;

  /* Free the connection p */
  sqlite3_free(p);
  pDbFd->pShm = 0;
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(pShmNode->pShmMutex);

  /* If pShmNode->nRef has reached 0, then close the underlying
  ** shared-memory file, too */
  assert( unixFileMutexNotheld(pDbFd) );
  unixEnterMutex();
  assert( pShmNode->nRef>0 );
  pShmNode->nRef--;
  if( pShmNode->nRef==0 ){
    if( deleteFlag && pShmNode->hShm>=0 ){
      osUnlink(pShmNode->zFilename);
    }
    unixShmPurge(pDbFd);
  }
  unixLeaveMutex();

  return SQLITE_OK;

**   such that p was added to the list more recently than p->pDirtyNext.
**   PCache.pDirty points to the first (newest) element in the list and
**   pDirtyTail to the last (oldest).
**
**   The PCache.pSynced variable is used to optimize searching for a dirty
**   page to eject from the cache mid-transaction. It is better to eject
**   a page that does not require a journal sync than one that does. 
**   Therefore, pSynced is maintained so that it *almost* always points
**   to either the oldest page in the pDirty/pDirtyTail list that has a
**   clear PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag or to a page that is older than this one
**   (so that the right page to eject can be found by following pDirtyPrev
**   pointers).
*/
struct PCache {
  PgHdr *pDirty, *pDirtyTail;         /* List of dirty pages in LRU order */

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3PagerSetCodec(
  Pager *pPager,
  void *(*xCodec)(void*,void*,Pgno,int),
  void (*xCodecSizeChng)(void*,int,int),
  void (*xCodecFree)(void*),
  void *pCodec
){
  pager_reset(pPager);
  if( pPager->xCodecFree ) pPager->xCodecFree(pPager->pCodec);
  pPager->xCodec = pPager->memDb ? 0 : xCodec;
  pPager->xCodecSizeChng = xCodecSizeChng;
  pPager->xCodecFree = xCodecFree;
  pPager->pCodec = pCodec;
  setGetterMethod(pPager);
  pagerReportSize(pPager);

      pBt->usableSize = usableSize;
      pBt->pageSize = pageSize;
      freeTempSpace(pBt);
      rc = sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(pBt->pPager, &pBt->pageSize,
                                   pageSize-usableSize);
      return rc;
    }
    if( sqlite3WritableSchema(pBt->db)==0 && nPage>nPageFile ){
      rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
      goto page1_init_failed;
    }
    /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-28312-64704 However, the usable size is not allowed to
    ** be less than 480. In other words, if the page size is 512, then the
    ** reserved space size cannot exceed 32. */
    if( usableSize<480 ){

  Pager *pPager = pBt->pPager;
  int rc;

  assert( eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW2 || eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW1 || 
      eType==PTRMAP_BTREE || eType==PTRMAP_ROOTPAGE );
  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pBt->mutex) );
  assert( pDbPage->pBt==pBt );
  if( iDbPage<3 ) return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;

  /* Move page iDbPage from its current location to page number iFreePage */
  TRACE(("AUTOVACUUM: Moving %d to free page %d (ptr page %d type %d)\n", 
      iDbPage, iFreePage, iPtrPage, eType));
  rc = sqlite3PagerMovepage(pPager, pDbPage->pDbPage, iFreePage, isCommit);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    return rc;

  */
  if( fg & MEM_Int ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(nByte, pMem->z, "%lld", pMem->u.i);
  }else{
    assert( fg & MEM_Real );
    sqlite3_snprintf(nByte, pMem->z, "%!.15g", pMem->u.r);
  }
  assert( pMem->z!=0 );
  pMem->n = sqlite3Strlen30NN(pMem->z);
  pMem->enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
  pMem->flags |= MEM_Str|MEM_Term;
  if( bForce ) pMem->flags &= ~(MEM_Int|MEM_Real);
  sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pMem, enc);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

  if( p==0 ) return;
  p->prepFlags = prepFlags;
  if( (prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_SAVESQL)==0 ){
    p->expmask = 0;
  }
  assert( p->zSql==0 );
  p->zSql = sqlite3DbStrNDup(p->db, z, n);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  assert( p->zNormSql==0 );
  if( p->zSql && (prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE)!=0 ){
    sqlite3Normalize(p, p->zSql, n, prepFlags);
    assert( p->zNormSql!=0 || p->db->mallocFailed );
  }
#endif
}

/*
** Swap all content between two VDBE structures.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeSwap(Vdbe *pA, Vdbe *pB){
  Vdbe tmp, *pTmp;

  pB->pNext = pTmp;
  pTmp = pA->pPrev;
  pA->pPrev = pB->pPrev;
  pB->pPrev = pTmp;
  zTmp = pA->zSql;
  pA->zSql = pB->zSql;
  pB->zSql = zTmp;
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  zTmp = pA->zNormSql;
  pA->zNormSql = pB->zNormSql;
  pB->zNormSql = zTmp;
#endif
  pB->expmask = pA->expmask;
  pB->prepFlags = pA->prepFlags;
  memcpy(pB->aCounter, pA->aCounter, sizeof(pB->aCounter));
  pB->aCounter[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]++;
}

/*

    releaseMemArray(p->aVar, p->nVar);
    sqlite3DbFree(db, p->pVList);
    sqlite3DbFree(db, p->pFree);
  }
  vdbeFreeOpArray(db, p->aOp, p->nOp);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, p->aColName);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, p->zSql);
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  sqlite3DbFree(db, p->zNormSql);
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
  {
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<p->nScan; i++){
      sqlite3DbFree(db, p->aScan[i].zName);
    }
    sqlite3DbFree(db, p->aScan);

    return rc;
  }

  /* The index entry must begin with a header size */
  (void)getVarint32((u8*)m.z, szHdr);
  testcase( szHdr==3 );
  testcase( szHdr==m.n );
  testcase( szHdr>0x7fffffff );
  assert( m.n>=0 );
  if( unlikely(szHdr<3 || szHdr>(unsigned)m.n) ){
    goto idx_rowid_corruption;
  }

  /* The last field of the index should be an integer - the ROWID.
  ** Verify that the last entry really is an integer. */
  (void)getVarint32((u8*)&m.z[szHdr-1], typeRowid);
  testcase( typeRowid==1 );

    z = sqlite3VdbeExpandSql(p, zSql);
    sqlite3_mutex_leave(p->db->mutex);
  }
  return z;
#endif
}

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
/*
** Return the normalized SQL associated with a prepared statement.
*/
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
  Vdbe *p = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
  return p ? p->zNormSql : 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
/*
** Allocate and populate an UnpackedRecord structure based on the serialized
** record in nKey/pKey. Return a pointer to the new UnpackedRecord structure
** if successful, or a NULL pointer if an OOM error is encountered.
*/
static UnpackedRecord *vdbeUnpackRecord(

  }else{
    /* Rare case of a really large header */
    nVarint = sqlite3VarintLen(nHdr);
    nHdr += nVarint;
    if( nVarint<sqlite3VarintLen(nHdr) ) nHdr++;
  }
  nByte = nHdr+nData;




  /* Make sure the output register has a buffer large enough to store 
  ** the new record. The output register (pOp->p3) is not allowed to
  ** be one of the input registers (because the following call to
  ** sqlite3VdbeMemClearAndResize() could clobber the value before it is used).
  */
  if( nByte+nZero<=pOut->szMalloc ){
    /* The output register is already large enough to hold the record.
    ** No error checks or buffer enlargement is required */
    pOut->z = pOut->zMalloc;
  }else{
    /* Need to make sure that the output is not too big and then enlarge
    ** the output register to hold the full result */
    if( nByte+nZero>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ){
      goto too_big;
    }
    if( sqlite3VdbeMemClearAndResize(pOut, (int)nByte) ){
      goto no_mem;
    }
  }
  zNewRecord = (u8 *)pOut->z;

  /* Write the record */
  i = putVarint32(zNewRecord, nHdr);
  j = nHdr;
  assert( pData0<=pLast );

    db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_SchemaChange;
    p->expired = 0;
  }else
#endif
  {
    zMaster = MASTER_NAME;
    initData.db = db;
    initData.iDb = iDb;
    initData.pzErrMsg = &p->zErrMsg;
    initData.mInitFlags = 0;
    zSql = sqlite3MPrintf(db,
       "SELECT name, rootpage, sql FROM '%q'.%s WHERE %s ORDER BY rowid",
       db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, zMaster, pOp->p4.z);
    if( zSql==0 ){
      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;

** Synopsis: r[P3]=vcolumn(P2)
**
** Store in register P3 the value of the P2-th column of
** the current row of the virtual-table of cursor P1.
**
** If the VColumn opcode is being used to fetch the value of
** an unchanging column during an UPDATE operation, then the P5

** value is OPFLAG_NOCHNG.  This will cause the sqlite3_vtab_nochange()
** function to return true inside the xColumn method of the virtual
** table implementation.  The P5 column might also contain other
** bits (OPFLAG_LENGTHARG or OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG) but those bits are
** unused by OP_VColumn.
*/
case OP_VColumn: {
  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
  const sqlite3_module *pModule;
  Mem *pDest;
  sqlite3_context sContext;

    break;
  }
  pVtab = pCur->uc.pVCur->pVtab;
  pModule = pVtab->pModule;
  assert( pModule->xColumn );
  memset(&sContext, 0, sizeof(sContext));
  sContext.pOut = pDest;
  testcase( (pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_NOCHNG)==0 && pOp->p5!=0 );
  if( pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_NOCHNG ){
    sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pDest);
    pDest->flags = MEM_Null|MEM_Zero;
    pDest->u.nZero = 0;
  }else{
    MemSetTypeFlag(pDest, MEM_Null);
  }
  rc = pModule->xColumn(pCur->uc.pVCur, &sContext, pOp->p2);

        continue;
      }else if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) ){
        if( sqlite3WalkSelect(pWalker, pExpr->x.pSelect) ) return WRC_Abort;
      }else if( pExpr->x.pList ){
        if( sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pExpr->x.pList) ) return WRC_Abort;
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
        Window *pWin = pExpr->y.pWin;
        if( sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pWin->pPartition) ) return WRC_Abort;
        if( sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pWin->pOrderBy) ) return WRC_Abort;
        if( sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pWin->pFilter) ) return WRC_Abort;
      }
#endif
    }
    break;

** expression node refer back to that source column.  The following changes
** are made to pExpr:
**
**    pExpr->iDb           Set the index in db->aDb[] of the database X
**                         (even if X is implied).
**    pExpr->iTable        Set to the cursor number for the table obtained
**                         from pSrcList.
**    pExpr->y.pTab        Points to the Table structure of X.Y (even if
**                         X and/or Y are implied.)
**    pExpr->iColumn       Set to the column number within the table.
**    pExpr->op            Set to TK_COLUMN.
**    pExpr->pLeft         Any expression this points to is deleted
**    pExpr->pRight        Any expression this points to is deleted.
**
** The zDb variable is the name of the database (the "X").  This value may be

  assert( pNC );     /* the name context cannot be NULL. */
  assert( zCol );    /* The Z in X.Y.Z cannot be NULL */
  assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Reduced) );

  /* Initialize the node to no-match */
  pExpr->iTable = -1;

  ExprSetVVAProperty(pExpr, EP_NoReduce);

  /* Translate the schema name in zDb into a pointer to the corresponding
  ** schema.  If not found, pSchema will remain NULL and nothing will match
  ** resulting in an appropriate error message toward the end of this routine
  */
  if( zDb ){

        if( zTab ){
          const char *zTabName = pItem->zAlias ? pItem->zAlias : pTab->zName;
          assert( zTabName!=0 );
          if( sqlite3StrICmp(zTabName, zTab)!=0 ){
            continue;
          }
          if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT && pItem->zAlias ){
            sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, 0, (void*)&pExpr->y.pTab);
          }
        }
        if( 0==(cntTab++) ){
          pMatch = pItem;
        }
        for(j=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; j<pTab->nCol; j++, pCol++){
          if( sqlite3StrICmp(pCol->zName, zCol)==0 ){

            pExpr->iColumn = j==pTab->iPKey ? -1 : (i16)j;
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      if( pMatch ){
        pExpr->iTable = pMatch->iCursor;
        pExpr->y.pTab = pMatch->pTab;
        /* RIGHT JOIN not (yet) supported */
        assert( (pMatch->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 );
        if( (pMatch->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT)!=0 ){
          ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_CanBeNull);
        }
        pSchema = pExpr->y.pTab->pSchema;
      }
    } /* if( pSrcList ) */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT)
    /* If we have not already resolved the name, then maybe 
    ** it is a new.* or old.* trigger argument reference.  Or
    ** maybe it is an excluded.* from an upsert.

        if( iCol<pTab->nCol ){
          cnt++;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
          if( pExpr->iTable==2 ){
            testcase( iCol==(-1) );
            if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
              pExpr->iColumn = iCol;
              pExpr->y.pTab = pTab;
              eNewExprOp = TK_COLUMN;
            }else{
              pExpr->iTable = pNC->uNC.pUpsert->regData + iCol;
              eNewExprOp = TK_REGISTER;
              ExprSetProperty(pExpr, EP_Alias);
            }
          }else

              testcase( iCol==32 );
              pParse->oldmask |= (iCol>=32 ? 0xffffffff : (((u32)1)<<iCol));
            }else{
              testcase( iCol==31 );
              testcase( iCol==32 );
              pParse->newmask |= (iCol>=32 ? 0xffffffff : (((u32)1)<<iCol));
            }
            pExpr->y.pTab = pTab;
            pExpr->iColumn = (i16)iCol;
            eNewExprOp = TK_TRIGGER;
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER */
          }
        }
      }
    }

  ** Because no reference was made to outer contexts, the pNC->nRef
  ** fields are not changed in any context.
  */
  if( cnt==0 && zTab==0 ){
    assert( pExpr->op==TK_ID );
    if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_DblQuoted) ){
      pExpr->op = TK_STRING;
      pExpr->y.pTab = 0;
      return WRC_Prune;
    }
    if( sqlite3ExprIdToTrueFalse(pExpr) ){
      return WRC_Prune;
    }
  }

** Allocate and return a pointer to an expression to load the column iCol
** from datasource iSrc in SrcList pSrc.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE Expr *sqlite3CreateColumnExpr(sqlite3 *db, SrcList *pSrc, int iSrc, int iCol){
  Expr *p = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_COLUMN, 0, 0);
  if( p ){
    struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pSrc->a[iSrc];
    p->y.pTab = pItem->pTab;
    p->iTable = pItem->iCursor;
    if( p->y.pTab->iPKey==iCol ){
      p->iColumn = -1;
    }else{
      p->iColumn = (ynVar)iCol;
      testcase( iCol==BMS );
      testcase( iCol==BMS-1 );
      pItem->colUsed |= ((Bitmask)1)<<(iCol>=BMS ? BMS-1 : iCol);
    }

    case TK_ROW: {
      SrcList *pSrcList = pNC->pSrcList;
      struct SrcList_item *pItem;
      assert( pSrcList && pSrcList->nSrc==1 );
      pItem = pSrcList->a;
      assert( HasRowid(pItem->pTab) && pItem->pTab->pSelect==0 );
      pExpr->op = TK_COLUMN;
      pExpr->y.pTab = pItem->pTab;
      pExpr->iTable = pItem->iCursor;
      pExpr->iColumn = -1;
      pExpr->affinity = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
      break;
    }
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT)
          && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) */

          pLeft = pRight->pLeft;
          pRight = pRight->pRight;
        }
        zTable = pLeft->u.zToken;
        zColumn = pRight->u.zToken;
        if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
          sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, (void*)pExpr, (void*)pRight);


          sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, (void*)&pExpr->y.pTab, (void*)pLeft);
        }
      }
      return lookupName(pParse, zDb, zTable, zColumn, pNC, pExpr);
    }

    /* Resolve function names
    */

      if( 0==IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
        assert( is_agg==0 || (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX)
          || (pDef->xValue==0 && pDef->xInverse==0)
          || (pDef->xValue && pDef->xInverse && pDef->xSFunc && pDef->xFinalize)
        );
        if( pDef && pDef->xValue==0 && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
              "%.*s() may not be used as a window function", nId, zId
          );
          pNC->nErr++;
        }else if( 
              (is_agg && (pNC->ncFlags & NC_AllowAgg)==0)
           || (is_agg && (pDef->funcFlags&SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW) && !pExpr->y.pWin)
           || (is_agg && pExpr->y.pWin && (pNC->ncFlags & NC_AllowWin)==0)
        ){
          const char *zType;
          if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW) || pExpr->y.pWin ){
            zType = "window";
          }else{
            zType = "aggregate";
          }
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "misuse of %s function %.*s()",zType,nId,zId);
          pNC->nErr++;
          is_agg = 0;

        }else if( wrong_num_args ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"wrong number of arguments to function %.*s()",
               nId, zId);
          pNC->nErr++;
        }
        if( is_agg ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
          pNC->ncFlags &= ~(pExpr->y.pWin ? NC_AllowWin : NC_AllowAgg);
#else
          pNC->ncFlags &= ~NC_AllowAgg;
#endif
        }
      }
      sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pList);
      if( is_agg ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
        if( pExpr->y.pWin ){
          Select *pSel = pNC->pWinSelect;
          sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pExpr->y.pWin->pPartition);
          sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pExpr->y.pWin->pOrderBy);
          sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->y.pWin->pFilter);
          sqlite3WindowUpdate(pParse, pSel->pWinDefn, pExpr->y.pWin, pDef);
          if( 0==pSel->pWin 
           || 0==sqlite3WindowCompare(pParse, pSel->pWin, pExpr->y.pWin) 
          ){
            pExpr->y.pWin->pNextWin = pSel->pWin;
            pSel->pWin = pExpr->y.pWin;
          }
          pNC->ncFlags |= NC_AllowWin;
        }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
        {
          NameContext *pNC2 = pNC;
          pExpr->op = TK_AGG_FUNCTION;

    pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol = 0;
    if( sqlite3ResolveExprNames(pNC, pE) ){
      return 1;
    }
    for(j=0; j<pSelect->pEList->nExpr; j++){
      if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pE, pSelect->pEList->a[j].pExpr, -1)==0 ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
        if( ExprHasProperty(pE, EP_WinFunc) ){
          /* Since this window function is being changed into a reference
          ** to the same window function the result set, remove the instance
          ** of this window function from the Select.pWin list. */
          Window **pp;
          for(pp=&pSelect->pWin; *pp; pp=&(*pp)->pNextWin){
            if( *pp==pE->y.pWin ){
              *pp = (*pp)->pNextWin;
            }    
          }
        }
#endif
        pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol = j+1;
      }

  if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = pExpr->op2;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
  if( op==TK_CAST ){
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
    return sqlite3AffinityType(pExpr->u.zToken, 0);
  }
#endif
  if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN || op==TK_COLUMN) && pExpr->y.pTab ){
    return sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(pExpr->y.pTab, pExpr->iColumn);
  }
  if( op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
    assert( pExpr->pLeft->flags&EP_xIsSelect );
    return sqlite3ExprAffinity(
        pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect->pEList->a[pExpr->iColumn].pExpr
    );
  }

  CollSeq *pColl = 0;
  Expr *p = pExpr;
  while( p ){
    int op = p->op;
    if( p->flags & EP_Generic ) break;
    if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN || op==TK_COLUMN
          || op==TK_REGISTER || op==TK_TRIGGER)
     && p->y.pTab!=0
    ){
      /* op==TK_REGISTER && p->y.pTab!=0 happens when pExpr was originally
      ** a TK_COLUMN but was previously evaluated and cached in a register */
      int j = p->iColumn;
      if( j>=0 ){
        const char *zColl = p->y.pTab->aCol[j].zColl;
        pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, ENC(db), zColl, 0);
      }
      break;
    }
    if( op==TK_CAST || op==TK_UPLUS ){
      p = p->pLeft;
      continue;

/*
** Recursively delete an expression tree.
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE void sqlite3ExprDeleteNN(sqlite3 *db, Expr *p){
  assert( p!=0 );
  /* Sanity check: Assert that the IntValue is non-negative if it exists */
  assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_IntValue) || p->u.iValue>=0 );

  assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc) || p->y.pWin!=0 || db->mallocFailed );
  assert( p->op!=TK_FUNCTION || ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Reduced)
          || p->y.pWin==0 || ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc) );
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_Leaf) && !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly) ){
    assert( p->pLeft==0 );
    assert( p->pRight==0 );
    assert( p->x.pSelect==0 );
  }
#endif
  if( !ExprHasProperty(p, (EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf)) ){
    /* The Expr.x union is never used at the same time as Expr.pRight */
    assert( p->x.pList==0 || p->pRight==0 );
    if( p->pLeft && p->op!=TK_SELECT_COLUMN ) sqlite3ExprDeleteNN(db, p->pLeft);
    if( p->pRight ){
      sqlite3ExprDeleteNN(db, p->pRight);
    }else if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_xIsSelect) ){
      sqlite3SelectDelete(db, p->x.pSelect);
    }else{
      sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, p->x.pList);
    }
    if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc) ){
      assert( p->op==TK_FUNCTION );
      sqlite3WindowDelete(db, p->y.pWin);
    }
  }
  if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_MemToken) ) sqlite3DbFree(db, p->u.zToken);
  if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_Static) ){
    sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
  }
}

static int dupedExprStructSize(Expr *p, int flags){
  int nSize;
  assert( flags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE || flags==0 ); /* Only one flag value allowed */
  assert( EXPR_FULLSIZE<=0xfff );
  assert( (0xfff & (EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly))==0 );
  if( 0==flags || p->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN 
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
   || ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc)
#endif
  ){
    nSize = EXPR_FULLSIZE;
  }else{
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Reduced) );
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_FromJoin) ); 
    assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_MemToken) );

** This function returns the space in bytes required to store the copy 
** of the Expr structure and a copy of the Expr.u.zToken string (if that
** string is defined.)
*/
static int dupedExprNodeSize(Expr *p, int flags){
  int nByte = dupedExprStructSize(p, flags) & 0xfff;
  if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_IntValue) && p->u.zToken ){
    nByte += sqlite3Strlen30NN(p->u.zToken)+1;
  }
  return ROUND8(nByte);
}

/*
** Return the number of bytes required to create a duplicate of the 
** expression passed as the first argument. The second argument is a

        pNew->x.pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, p->x.pSelect, dupFlags);
      }else{
        pNew->x.pList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->x.pList, dupFlags);
      }
    }

    /* Fill in pNew->pLeft and pNew->pRight. */
    if( ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly|EP_WinFunc) ){
      zAlloc += dupedExprNodeSize(p, dupFlags);

      if( !ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf) ){
        pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft ?
                      exprDup(db, p->pLeft, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &zAlloc) : 0;
        pNew->pRight = p->pRight ?
                       exprDup(db, p->pRight, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &zAlloc) : 0;
      }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
      if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc) ){


        pNew->y.pWin = sqlite3WindowDup(db, pNew, p->y.pWin);
        assert( ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_WinFunc) );
      }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
      if( pzBuffer ){
        *pzBuffer = zAlloc;
      }
    }else{
      if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf) ){
        if( pNew->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
          pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft;
          assert( p->iColumn==0 || p->pRight==0 );
          assert( p->pRight==0  || p->pRight==p->pLeft );
        }else{
          pNew->pLeft = sqlite3ExprDup(db, p->pLeft, 0);
        }
        pNew->pRight = sqlite3ExprDup(db, p->pRight, 0);
      }
    }



  }
  return pNew;
}

/*
** Create and return a deep copy of the object passed as the second 
** argument. If an OOM condition is encountered, NULL is returned

    case TK_INTEGER:
    case TK_STRING:
    case TK_FLOAT:
    case TK_BLOB:
      return 0;
    case TK_COLUMN:
      return ExprHasProperty(p, EP_CanBeNull) ||
             p->y.pTab==0 ||  /* Reference to column of index on expression */
             (p->iColumn>=0 && p->y.pTab->aCol[p->iColumn].notNull==0);
    default:
      return 1;
  }
}

/*
** Return TRUE if the given expression is a constant which would be

*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsRowid(const char *z){
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(z, "_ROWID_")==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(z, "ROWID")==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3StrICmp(z, "OID")==0 ) return 1;
  return 0;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsRowidN(const char *z, int n){
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(z, "_ROWID_", n)==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(z, "ROWID", n)==0 ) return 1;
  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(z, "OID", n)==0 ) return 1;
  return 0;
}
#endif

/*
** pX is the RHS of an IN operator.  If pX is a SELECT statement 
** that can be simplified to a direct table access, then return
** a pointer to the SELECT statement.  If pX is not a SELECT statement,
** or if the SELECT statement needs to be manifested into a transient
** table, then return NULL.

        /* This COLUMN expression is really a constant due to WHERE clause
        ** constraints, and that constant is coded by the pExpr->pLeft
        ** expresssion.  However, make sure the constant has the correct
        ** datatype by applying the Affinity of the table column to the
        ** constant.
        */
        int iReg = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr->pLeft,target);
        int aff = sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(pExpr->y.pTab, pExpr->iColumn);
        if( aff!=SQLITE_AFF_BLOB ){
          static const char zAff[] = "B\000C\000D\000E";
          assert( SQLITE_AFF_BLOB=='A' );
          assert( SQLITE_AFF_TEXT=='B' );
          if( iReg!=target ){
            sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, iReg, target);
            iReg = target;

          return pExpr->iColumn - pParse->iSelfTab;
        }else{
          /* Coding an expression that is part of an index where column names
          ** in the index refer to the table to which the index belongs */
          iTab = pParse->iSelfTab - 1;
        }
      }
      return sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pExpr->y.pTab,
                               pExpr->iColumn, iTab, target,
                               pExpr->op2);
    }
    case TK_INTEGER: {
      codeInteger(pParse, pExpr, 0, target);
      return target;
    }

      u32 constMask = 0;     /* Mask of function arguments that are constant */
      int i;                 /* Loop counter */
      sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;  /* The database connection */
      u8 enc = ENC(db);      /* The text encoding used by this database */
      CollSeq *pColl = 0;    /* A collating sequence */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
      if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
        return pExpr->y.pWin->regResult;
      }
#endif

      if( ConstFactorOk(pParse) && sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(pExpr) ){
        /* SQL functions can be expensive. So try to move constant functions
        ** out of the inner loop, even if that means an extra OP_Copy. */
        return sqlite3ExprCodeAtInit(pParse, pExpr, -1);

      **
      ** Then p1 is interpreted as follows:
      **
      **   p1==0   ->    old.rowid     p1==3   ->    new.rowid
      **   p1==1   ->    old.a         p1==4   ->    new.a
      **   p1==2   ->    old.b         p1==5   ->    new.b       
      */
      Table *pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
      int p1 = pExpr->iTable * (pTab->nCol+1) + 1 + pExpr->iColumn;

      assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->iTable==1 );
      assert( pExpr->iColumn>=-1 && pExpr->iColumn<pTab->nCol );
      assert( pTab->iPKey<0 || pExpr->iColumn!=pTab->iPKey );
      assert( p1>=0 && p1<(pTab->nCol*2+2) );

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Param, p1, target);
      VdbeComment((v, "r[%d]=%s.%s", target,
        (pExpr->iTable ? "new" : "old"),
        (pExpr->iColumn<0 ? "rowid" : pExpr->y.pTab->aCol[pExpr->iColumn].zName)
      ));

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
      /* If the column has REAL affinity, it may currently be stored as an
      ** integer. Use OP_RealAffinity to make sure it is really real.
      **
      ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-60985-57662 SQLite will convert the value back to

      return 1;
    }
    return 2;
  }
  if( pA->op!=TK_COLUMN && pA->op!=TK_AGG_COLUMN && pA->u.zToken ){
    if( pA->op==TK_FUNCTION ){
      if( sqlite3StrICmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ) return 2;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
      /* Justification for the assert():
      ** window functions have p->op==TK_FUNCTION but aggregate functions
      ** have p->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION.  So any comparison between an aggregate
      ** function and a window function should have failed before reaching
      ** this point.  And, it is not possible to have a window function and
      ** a scalar function with the same name and number of arguments.  So
      ** if we reach this point, either A and B both window functions or
      ** neither are a window functions. */
      assert( ExprHasProperty(pA,EP_WinFunc)==ExprHasProperty(pB,EP_WinFunc) );
      if( ExprHasProperty(pA,EP_WinFunc) ){
        if( sqlite3WindowCompare(pParse,pA->y.pWin,pB->y.pWin)!=0 ) return 2;
      }
#endif
    }else if( pA->op==TK_COLLATE ){
      if( sqlite3_stricmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ) return 2;
    }else if( strcmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ){
      return 2;
    }
  }
  if( (pA->flags & EP_Distinct)!=(pB->flags & EP_Distinct) ) return 2;
  if( ALWAYS((combinedFlags & EP_TokenOnly)==0) ){
    if( combinedFlags & EP_xIsSelect ) return 2;
    if( (combinedFlags & EP_FixedCol)==0
     && sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pLeft, pB->pLeft, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA->pRight, pB->pRight, iTab) ) return 2;
    if( sqlite3ExprListCompare(pA->x.pList, pB->x.pList, iTab) ) return 2;
    assert( (combinedFlags & EP_Reduced)==0 );
    if( pA->op!=TK_STRING && pA->op!=TK_TRUEFALSE ){
      if( pA->iColumn!=pB->iColumn ) return 2;
      if( pA->iTable!=pB->iTable 
       && (pA->iTable!=iTab || NEVER(pB->iTable>=0)) ) return 2;
    }















  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Compare two ExprList objects.  Return 0 if they are identical and 
** non-zero if they differ in any way.

    case TK_GE:
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_EQ );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_NE );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_LT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_LE );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GT );
      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_GE );
      if( (pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pLeft->y.pTab))
       || (pExpr->pRight->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pExpr->pRight->y.pTab))
      ){
       return WRC_Prune;
      }
    default:
      return WRC_Continue;
  }
}

                break;
              }
            }
            if( (k>=pAggInfo->nColumn)
             && (k = addAggInfoColumn(pParse->db, pAggInfo))>=0 
            ){
              pCol = &pAggInfo->aCol[k];
              pCol->pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
              pCol->iTable = pExpr->iTable;
              pCol->iColumn = pExpr->iColumn;
              pCol->iMem = ++pParse->nMem;
              pCol->iSorterColumn = -1;
              pCol->pExpr = pExpr;
              if( pAggInfo->pGroupBy ){
                int j, n;

  if( pExpr->op==TK_TRIGGER 
   && pExpr->iColumn==p->iCol 
   && pWalker->pParse->pTriggerTab==p->pTab
  ){
    renameTokenFind(pWalker->pParse, p, (void*)pExpr);
  }else if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN 
   && pExpr->iColumn==p->iCol 
   && p->pTab==pExpr->y.pTab
  ){
    renameTokenFind(pWalker->pParse, p, (void*)pExpr);
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

/*

  memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
  sNC.pParse = pParse;
  assert( pNew->pTabSchema );
  pParse->pTriggerTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, pNew->table, 
      db->aDb[sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pNew->pTabSchema)].zDbSName
  );
  pParse->eTriggerOp = pNew->op;
  /* ALWAYS() because if the table of the trigger does not exist, the
  ** error would have been hit before this point */
  if( ALWAYS(pParse->pTriggerTab) ){
    rc = sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pParse->pTriggerTab);
  }

  /* Resolve symbols in WHEN clause */
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pNew->pWhen ){
    rc = sqlite3ResolveExprNames(&sNC, pNew->pWhen);
  }

  for(pStep=pNew->step_list; rc==SQLITE_OK && pStep; pStep=pStep->pNext){
    if( pStep->pSelect ){
      sqlite3SelectPrep(pParse, pStep->pSelect, &sNC);
      if( pParse->nErr ) rc = pParse->rc;

}

/*
** Walker expression callback used by "RENAME TABLE". 
*/
static int renameTableExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  RenameCtx *p = pWalker->u.pRename;
  if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN && p->pTab==pExpr->y.pTab ){
    renameTokenFind(pWalker->pParse, p, (void*)&pExpr->y.pTab);
  }
  return WRC_Continue;
}

/*
** Walker select callback used by "RENAME TABLE". 
*/

            sqlite3SelectPrep(&sParse, pTab->pSelect, &sNC);
            if( sParse.nErr ) rc = sParse.rc;
            sqlite3WalkSelect(&sWalker, pTab->pSelect);
          }
        }else{
          /* Modify any FK definitions to point to the new table. */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
          if( isLegacy==0 || (db->flags & SQLITE_ForeignKeys) ){
            FKey *pFKey;
            for(pFKey=pTab->pFKey; pFKey; pFKey=pFKey->pNextFrom){
              if( sqlite3_stricmp(pFKey->zTo, zOld)==0 ){
                renameTokenFind(&sParse, &sCtx, (void*)pFKey->zTo);
              }
            }
          }

  Table *pTab = 0;      /* The table being read */
  const char *zCol;     /* Name of the column of the table */
  int iSrc;             /* Index in pTabList->a[] of table being read */
  int iDb;              /* The index of the database the expression refers to */
  int iCol;             /* Index of column in table */

  assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN || pExpr->op==TK_TRIGGER );
  assert( !IN_RENAME_OBJECT || db->xAuth==0 );
  if( db->xAuth==0 ) return;
  iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(pParse->db, pSchema);
  if( iDb<0 ){
    /* An attempt to read a column out of a subquery or other
    ** temporary table. */
    return;
  }

){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  int rc;

  /* Don't do any authorization checks if the database is initialising
  ** or if the parser is being invoked from within sqlite3_declare_vtab.
  */
  assert( !IN_RENAME_OBJECT || db->xAuth==0 );
  if( db->init.busy || IN_SPECIAL_PARSE ){
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

  if( db->xAuth==0 ){
    return SQLITE_OK;
  }

    return 0;
  }

  p = sqlite3FindTable(db, zName, zDbase);
  if( p==0 ){
    const char *zMsg = flags & LOCATE_VIEW ? "no such view" : "no such table";
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE

    /* If zName is the not the name of a table in the schema created using
    ** CREATE, then check to see if it is the name of an virtual table that
    ** can be an eponymous virtual table. */
    Module *pMod = (Module*)sqlite3HashFind(&db->aModule, zName);
    if( pMod==0 && sqlite3_strnicmp(zName, "pragma_", 7)==0 ){
      pMod = sqlite3PragmaVtabRegister(db, zName);
    }
    if( pMod && sqlite3VtabEponymousTableInit(pParse, pMod) ){
      return pMod->pEpoTab;

    }
#endif
    if( (flags & LOCATE_NOERR)==0 ){
      if( zDbase ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s: %s.%s", zMsg, zDbase, zName);
      }else{
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%s: %s", zMsg, zName);

  }

  /* Delete any foreign keys attached to this table. */
  sqlite3FkDelete(db, pTable);

  /* Delete the Table structure itself.
  */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  if( pTable->pColHash ){
    sqlite3HashClear(pTable->pColHash);
    sqlite3_free(pTable->pColHash);
  }
#endif
  sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(db, pTable);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pTable->zName);
  sqlite3DbFree(db, pTable->zColAff);
  sqlite3SelectDelete(db, pTable->pSelect);
  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pTable->pCheck);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  sqlite3VtabClear(db, pTable);

    assert( db->init.iDb==0 || db->init.busy || IN_RENAME_OBJECT
             || (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)!=0);
    iDb = db->init.iDb;
    *pUnqual = pName1;
  }
  return iDb;
}

/*
** True if PRAGMA writable_schema is ON
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3WritableSchema(sqlite3 *db){
  testcase( (db->flags&(SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive))==0 );
  testcase( (db->flags&(SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive))==
               SQLITE_WriteSchema );
  testcase( (db->flags&(SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive))==
               SQLITE_Defensive );
  testcase( (db->flags&(SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive))==
               (SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive) );
  return (db->flags&(SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_Defensive))==SQLITE_WriteSchema;
}

/*
** This routine is used to check if the UTF-8 string zName is a legal
** unqualified name for a new schema object (table, index, view or
** trigger). All names are legal except those that begin with the string
** "sqlite_" (in upper, lower or mixed case). This portion of the namespace
** is reserved for internal use.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse *pParse, const char *zName){
  if( !pParse->db->init.busy && pParse->nested==0 
          && sqlite3WritableSchema(pParse->db)==0
          && 0==sqlite3StrNICmp(zName, "sqlite_", 7) ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "object name reserved for internal use: %s", zName);
    return SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

    assert( pPk->nColumn==j );
    assert( pTab->nCol==j );
  }else{
    pPk->nColumn = pTab->nCol;
  }
  recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pPk);
}

/*
** Return true if zName is a shadow table name in the current database
** connection.
**
** zName is temporarily modified while this routine is running, but is
** restored to its original value prior to this routine returning.
*/
static int isShadowTableName(sqlite3 *db, char *zName){
  char *zTail;                  /* Pointer to the last "_" in zName */
  Table *pTab;                  /* Table that zName is a shadow of */
  Module *pMod;                 /* Module for the virtual table */

  zTail = strrchr(zName, '_');
  if( zTail==0 ) return 0;
  *zTail = 0;
  pTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, zName, 0);
  *zTail = '_';
  if( pTab==0 ) return 0;
  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) ) return 0;
  pMod = (Module*)sqlite3HashFind(&db->aModule, pTab->azModuleArg[0]);
  if( pMod==0 ) return 0;
  if( pMod->pModule->iVersion<3 ) return 0;
  if( pMod->pModule->xShadowName==0 ) return 0;
  return pMod->pModule->xShadowName(zTail+1);
}

/*
** This routine is called to report the final ")" that terminates
** a CREATE TABLE statement.
**
** The table structure that other action routines have been building
** is added to the internal hash tables, assuming no errors have

  if( pEnd==0 && pSelect==0 ){
    return;
  }
  assert( !db->mallocFailed );
  p = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( p==0 ) return;

  if( pSelect==0 && isShadowTableName(db, p->zName) ){
    p->tabFlags |= TF_Shadow;
  }

  /* If the db->init.busy is 1 it means we are reading the SQL off the
  ** "sqlite_master" or "sqlite_temp_master" table on the disk.
  ** So do not write to the disk again.  Extract the root page number
  ** for the table from the db->init.newTnum field.  (The page number
  ** should have been put there by the sqliteOpenCb routine.)
  **

** Also write code to modify the sqlite_master table and internal schema
** if a root-page of another table is moved by the btree-layer whilst
** erasing iTable (this can happen with an auto-vacuum database).
*/ 
static void destroyRootPage(Parse *pParse, int iTable, int iDb){
  Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
  int r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
  if( iTable<2 ) sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "corrupt schema");
  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Destroy, iTable, r1, iDb);
  sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
  /* OP_Destroy stores an in integer r1. If this integer
  ** is non-zero, then it is the root page number of a table moved to
  ** location iTable. The following code modifies the sqlite_master table to
  ** reflect this.

  for(p=sqlite3BuiltinFunctions.a[h]; p; p=p->u.pHash){
    if( sqlite3StrICmp(p->zName, zFunc)==0 ){
      return p;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
SQLITE_PRIVATE FuncDef *sqlite3FunctionSearchN(
  int h,               /* Hash of the name */
  const char *zFunc,   /* Name of function */
  int nFunc            /* Length of the name */
){
  FuncDef *p;
  for(p=sqlite3BuiltinFunctions.a[h]; p; p=p->u.pHash){
    if( sqlite3StrNICmp(p->zName, zFunc, nFunc)==0 ){
      return p;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */

/*
** Insert a new FuncDef into a FuncDefHash hash table.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3InsertBuiltinFuncs(
  FuncDef *aDef,      /* List of global functions to be inserted */
  int nDef            /* Length of the apDef[] list */
){
  int i;
  for(i=0; i<nDef; i++){
    FuncDef *pOther;
    const char *zName = aDef[i].zName;
    int nName = sqlite3Strlen30(zName);
    int h = SQLITE_FUNC_HASH(zName[0], nName);
    assert( zName[0]>='a' && zName[0]<='z' );
    pOther = functionSearch(h, zName);
    if( pOther ){
      assert( pOther!=&aDef[i] && pOther->pNext!=&aDef[i] );
      aDef[i].pNext = pOther->pNext;
      pOther->pNext = &aDef[i];
    }else{

  ** install a new function.  Whatever FuncDef structure is returned it will
  ** have fields overwritten with new information appropriate for the
  ** new function.  But the FuncDefs for built-in functions are read-only.
  ** So we must not search for built-ins when creating a new function.
  */ 
  if( !createFlag && (pBest==0 || (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin)!=0) ){
    bestScore = 0;
    h = SQLITE_FUNC_HASH(sqlite3UpperToLower[(u8)zName[0]], nName);
    p = functionSearch(h, zName);
    while( p ){
      int score = matchQuality(p, nArg, enc);
      if( score>bestScore ){
        pBest = p;
        bestScore = score;
      }

    pTab->nTabRef++;
  }
  if( sqlite3IndexedByLookup(pParse, pItem) ){
    pTab = 0;
  }
  return pTab;
}

/* Return true if table pTab is read-only.
**
** A table is read-only if any of the following are true:
**
**   1) It is a virtual table and no implementation of the xUpdate method
**      has been provided
**
**   2) It is a system table (i.e. sqlite_master), this call is not
**      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not 
**      been specified
**
**   3) The table is a shadow table, the database connection is in
**      defensive mode, and the current sqlite3_prepare()
**      is for a top-level SQL statement.
*/
static int tabIsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
  sqlite3 *db;
  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
    return sqlite3GetVTable(pParse->db, pTab)->pMod->pModule->xUpdate==0;
  }
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & (TF_Readonly|TF_Shadow))==0 ) return 0;
  db = pParse->db;
  if( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Readonly)!=0 ){
    return sqlite3WritableSchema(db)==0 && pParse->nested==0;
  }
  assert( pTab->tabFlags & TF_Shadow );
  return (db->flags & SQLITE_Defensive)!=0
           && db->nVdbeExec==0
           && db->pVtabCtx==0;
}

/*
** Check to make sure the given table is writable.  If it is not
** writable, generate an error message and return 1.  If it is
** writable return 0;
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int viewOk){














  if( tabIsReadOnly(pParse, pTab) ){

    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %s may not be modified", pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
  if( !viewOk && pTab->pSelect ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"cannot modify %s because it is a view",pTab->zName);
    return 1;
  }
#endif
  return 0;

  sqlite3 *db,      /* The database connection */
  Table *pTab,      /* The table whose column is desired */
  int iCursor,      /* The open cursor on the table */
  i16 iCol          /* The column that is wanted */
){
  Expr *pExpr = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_COLUMN, 0);
  if( pExpr ){
    pExpr->y.pTab = pTab;
    pExpr->iTable = iCursor;
    pExpr->iColumn = iCol;
  }
  return pExpr;
}

/*

      zColAff[i] = pTab->aCol[i].affinity;
    }
    do{
      zColAff[i--] = 0;
    }while( i>=0 && zColAff[i]==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB );
    pTab->zColAff = zColAff;
  }
  assert( zColAff!=0 );
  i = sqlite3Strlen30NN(zColAff);
  if( i ){
    if( iReg ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Affinity, iReg, i, 0, zColAff, i);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(v, -1, zColAff, i);
    }
  }

 #undef pTrigger
#endif
#ifdef tmask
 #undef tmask
#endif

/*
** Meanings of bits in of pWalker->eCode for 
** sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn()
*/
#define CKCNSTRNT_COLUMN   0x01    /* CHECK constraint uses a changing column */
#define CKCNSTRNT_ROWID    0x02    /* CHECK constraint references the ROWID */

/* This is the Walker callback from sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn().
*  Set bit 0x01 of pWalker->eCode if pWalker->eCode to 0 and if this
** expression node references any of the
** columns that are being modifed by an UPDATE statement.
*/
static int checkConstraintExprNode(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
  if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
    assert( pExpr->iColumn>=0 || pExpr->iColumn==-1 );
    if( pExpr->iColumn>=0 ){
      if( pWalker->u.aiCol[pExpr->iColumn]>=0 ){

}

/*
** pExpr is a CHECK constraint on a row that is being UPDATE-ed.  The
** only columns that are modified by the UPDATE are those for which
** aiChng[i]>=0, and also the ROWID is modified if chngRowid is true.
**
** Return true if CHECK constraint pExpr uses any of the
** changing columns (or the rowid if it is changing).  In other words,
** return true if this CHECK constraint must be validated for
** the new row in the UPDATE statement.
**
** 2018-09-15: pExpr might also be an expression for an index-on-expressions.
** The operation of this routine is the same - return true if an only if
** the expression uses one or more of columns identified by the second and
** third arguments.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(
  Expr *pExpr,    /* The expression to be checked */
  int *aiChng,    /* aiChng[x]>=0 if column x changed by the UPDATE */
  int chngRowid   /* True if UPDATE changes the rowid */
){
  Walker w;
  memset(&w, 0, sizeof(w));
  w.eCode = 0;
  w.xExprCallback = checkConstraintExprNode;
  w.u.aiCol = aiChng;
  sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, pExpr);
  if( !chngRowid ){
    testcase( (w.eCode & CKCNSTRNT_ROWID)!=0 );
    w.eCode &= ~CKCNSTRNT_ROWID;
  }
  testcase( w.eCode==0 );
  testcase( w.eCode==CKCNSTRNT_COLUMN );
  testcase( w.eCode==CKCNSTRNT_ROWID );
  testcase( w.eCode==(CKCNSTRNT_ROWID|CKCNSTRNT_COLUMN) );
  return w.eCode!=0;
}

/*
** Generate code to do constraint checks prior to an INSERT or an UPDATE
** on table pTab.
**
** The regNewData parameter is the first register in a range that contains

  if( pTab->pCheck && (db->flags & SQLITE_IgnoreChecks)==0 ){
    ExprList *pCheck = pTab->pCheck;
    pParse->iSelfTab = -(regNewData+1);
    onError = overrideError!=OE_Default ? overrideError : OE_Abort;
    for(i=0; i<pCheck->nExpr; i++){
      int allOk;
      Expr *pExpr = pCheck->a[i].pExpr;
      if( aiChng
       && !sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(pExpr, aiChng, pkChng)
      ){
        /* The check constraints do not reference any of the columns being
        ** updated so there is no point it verifying the check constraint */
        continue;
      }
      allOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
      sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
      sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pExpr, allOk, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
      if( onError==OE_Ignore ){
        sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, ignoreDest);
      }else{
        char *zName = pCheck->a[i].zName;

  void (*str_append)(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
  void (*str_appendall)(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
  void (*str_appendchar)(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
  void (*str_reset)(sqlite3_str*);
  int (*str_errcode)(sqlite3_str*);
  int (*str_length)(sqlite3_str*);
  char *(*str_value)(sqlite3_str*);
  /* Version 3.25.0 and later */
  int (*create_window_function)(sqlite3*,const char*,int,int,void*,
                            void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
                            void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
                            void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
                            void (*xInv)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
                            void(*xDestroy)(void*));
  /* Version 3.26.0 and later */
  const char *(*normalized_sql)(sqlite3_stmt*);
};

/*
** This is the function signature used for all extension entry points.  It
** is also defined in the file "loadext.c".
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_loadext_entry)(

#define sqlite3_str_appendchar         sqlite3_api->str_appendchar
#define sqlite3_str_reset              sqlite3_api->str_reset
#define sqlite3_str_errcode            sqlite3_api->str_errcode
#define sqlite3_str_length             sqlite3_api->str_length
#define sqlite3_str_value              sqlite3_api->str_value
/* Version 3.25.0 and later */
#define sqlite3_create_window_function sqlite3_api->create_window_function
/* Version 3.26.0 and later */
#define sqlite3_normalized_sql         sqlite3_api->normalized_sql
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) */

#if !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION)
  /* This case when the file really is being compiled as a loadable 
  ** extension */
# define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1     const sqlite3_api_routines *sqlite3_api=0;
# define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(v)  sqlite3_api=v;

  sqlite3_str_appendall,
  sqlite3_str_appendchar,
  sqlite3_str_reset,
  sqlite3_str_errcode,
  sqlite3_str_length,
  sqlite3_str_value,
  /* Version 3.25.0 and later */
  sqlite3_create_window_function,
  /* Version 3.26.0 and later */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
  sqlite3_normalized_sql
#else
  0
#endif
};

/*
** Attempt to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
** zFile.  The entry point is zProc.  zProc may be 0 in which case a
** default entry point name (sqlite3_extension_init) is used.  Use
** of the default name is recommended.

#define PragTyp_TEMP_STORE_DIRECTORY          36
#define PragTyp_THREADS                       37
#define PragTyp_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT            38
#define PragTyp_WAL_CHECKPOINT                39
#define PragTyp_ACTIVATE_EXTENSIONS           40
#define PragTyp_HEXKEY                        41
#define PragTyp_KEY                           42

#define PragTyp_LOCK_STATUS                   43
#define PragTyp_PARSER_TRACE                  44
#define PragTyp_STATS                         45

/* Property flags associated with various pragma. */
#define PragFlg_NeedSchema 0x01 /* Force schema load before running */
#define PragFlg_NoColumns  0x02 /* OP_ResultRow called with zero columns */
#define PragFlg_NoColumns1 0x04 /* zero columns if RHS argument is present */
#define PragFlg_ReadOnly   0x08 /* Read-only HEADER_VALUE */
#define PragFlg_Result0    0x10 /* Acts as query when no argument */
#define PragFlg_Result1    0x20 /* Acts as query when has one argument */
#define PragFlg_SchemaOpt  0x40 /* Schema restricts name search if present */
#define PragFlg_SchemaReq  0x80 /* Schema required - "main" is default */

/* Names of columns for pragmas that return multi-column result
** or that return single-column results where the name of the
** result column is different from the name of the pragma
*/
static const char *const pragCName[] = {
  /*   0 */ "id",          /* Used by: foreign_key_list */
  /*   1 */ "seq",        
  /*   2 */ "table",      
  /*   3 */ "from",       
  /*   4 */ "to",         
  /*   5 */ "on_update",  
  /*   6 */ "on_delete",  
  /*   7 */ "match",      
  /*   8 */ "cid",         /* Used by: table_xinfo */
  /*   9 */ "name",       
  /*  10 */ "type",       
  /*  11 */ "notnull",    
  /*  12 */ "dflt_value", 
  /*  13 */ "pk",         
  /*  14 */ "hidden",     
                           /* table_info reuses 8 */
  /*  15 */ "seqno",       /* Used by: index_xinfo */
  /*  16 */ "cid",        
  /*  17 */ "name",       
  /*  18 */ "desc",       
  /*  19 */ "coll",       
  /*  20 */ "key",        
  /*  21 */ "tbl",         /* Used by: stats */
  /*  22 */ "idx",        
  /*  23 */ "wdth",       
  /*  24 */ "hght",       
  /*  25 */ "flgs",       
  /*  26 */ "seq",         /* Used by: index_list */
  /*  27 */ "name",       
  /*  28 */ "unique",     
  /*  29 */ "origin",     
  /*  30 */ "partial",    
  /*  31 */ "table",       /* Used by: foreign_key_check */
  /*  32 */ "rowid",      
  /*  33 */ "parent",     
  /*  34 */ "fkid",       
                           /* index_info reuses 15 */
  /*  35 */ "seq",         /* Used by: database_list */
  /*  36 */ "name",       
  /*  37 */ "file",       
  /*  38 */ "busy",        /* Used by: wal_checkpoint */
  /*  39 */ "log",        
  /*  40 */ "checkpointed",
  /*  41 */ "name",        /* Used by: function_list */
  /*  42 */ "builtin",    
                           /* collation_list reuses 26 */
  /*  43 */ "database",    /* Used by: lock_status */
  /*  44 */ "status",     
  /*  45 */ "cache_size",  /* Used by: default_cache_size */

                           /* module_list pragma_list reuses 9 */

  /*  46 */ "timeout",     /* Used by: busy_timeout */


};

/* Definitions of all built-in pragmas */
typedef struct PragmaName {
  const char *const zName; /* Name of pragma */
  u8 ePragTyp;             /* PragTyp_XXX value */
  u8 mPragFlg;             /* Zero or more PragFlg_XXX values */
  u8 iPragCName;           /* Start of column names in pragCName[] */
  u8 nPragCName;           /* Num of col names. 0 means use pragma name */
  u64 iArg;                /* Extra argument */
} PragmaName;
static const PragmaName aPragmaName[] = {
#if defined(SQLITE_HAS_CODEC) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD)
 {/* zName:     */ "activate_extensions",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_ACTIVATE_EXTENSIONS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_AutoIndex },
#endif
#endif
 {/* zName:     */ "busy_timeout",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_BUSY_TIMEOUT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 46, 1,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "cache_size",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_CACHE_SIZE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_CkptFullFSync },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "collation_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_COLLATION_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 26, 2,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS)
 {/* zName:     */ "compile_options",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_COMPILE_OPTIONS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ BTREE_DATA_VERSION },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "database_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_DATABASE_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 35, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED)
 {/* zName:     */ "default_cache_size",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 45, 1,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
 {/* zName:     */ "defer_foreign_keys",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
 {/* zName:     */ "foreign_key_check",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECK,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 31, 4,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY)
 {/* zName:     */ "foreign_key_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FOREIGN_KEY_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 8,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
 {/* zName:     */ "foreign_keys",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,

  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_FullFSync },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
#if defined(SQLITE_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "function_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FUNCTION_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 41, 2,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_HAS_CODEC)
 {/* zName:     */ "hexkey",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_HEXKEY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 2 },
 {/* zName:     */ "hexrekey",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_HEXKEY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 3 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK)
 {/* zName:     */ "ignore_check_constraints",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "index_info",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 15, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "index_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 26, 5,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "index_xinfo",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_INDEX_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 15, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 1 },
#endif

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
 {/* zName:     */ "lock_status",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_LOCK_STATUS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 43, 2,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "locking_mode",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_LOCKING_MODE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
#if defined(SQLITE_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "module_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_MODULE_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 9, 1,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#endif
#endif
 {/* zName:     */ "optimize",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_OPTIMIZE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_NeedSchema,

  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "pragma_list",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_PRAGMA_LIST,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 9, 1,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "query_only",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,

  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_RecTriggers },
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_HAS_CODEC)
 {/* zName:     */ "rekey",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_KEY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 1 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "reverse_unordered_selects",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_ReverseOrder },

  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_SqlTrace },
#endif
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
 {/* zName:     */ "stats",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_STATS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq,
  /* ColNames:  */ 21, 5,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "synchronous",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_SYNCHRONOUS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_SchemaReq|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "table_info",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TABLE_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 8, 6,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "table_xinfo",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TABLE_INFO,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema|PragFlg_Result1|PragFlg_SchemaOpt,
  /* ColNames:  */ 8, 7,
  /* iArg:      */ 1 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "temp_store",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TEMP_STORE,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "temp_store_directory",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_TEMP_STORE_DIRECTORY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if defined(SQLITE_HAS_CODEC)
 {/* zName:     */ "textkey",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_KEY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 4 },
 {/* zName:     */ "textrekey",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_KEY,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 5 },
#endif
 {/* zName:     */ "threads",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_THREADS,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_VERSION_PRAGMAS)

  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ 0,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
 {/* zName:     */ "wal_checkpoint",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_WAL_CHECKPOINT,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_NeedSchema,
  /* ColNames:  */ 38, 3,
  /* iArg:      */ 0 },
#endif
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS)
 {/* zName:     */ "writable_schema",
  /* ePragTyp:  */ PragTyp_FLAG,
  /* ePragFlg:  */ PragFlg_Result0|PragFlg_NoColumns1,
  /* ColNames:  */ 0, 0,
  /* iArg:      */ SQLITE_WriteSchema|SQLITE_NoSchemaError },
#endif
};
/* Number of pragmas: 62 on by default, 81 total. */

/************** End of pragma.h **********************************************/
/************** Continuing where we left off in pragma.c *********************/

/*
** Interpret the given string as a safety level.  Return 0 for OFF,
** 1 for ON or NORMAL, 2 for FULL, and 3 for EXTRA.  Return 1 for an empty or 

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLAG_PRAGMAS
  case PragTyp_FLAG: {
    if( zRight==0 ){
      setPragmaResultColumnNames(v, pPragma);
      returnSingleInt(v, (db->flags & pPragma->iArg)!=0 );
    }else{
      u64 mask = pPragma->iArg;    /* Mask of bits to set or clear. */
      if( db->autoCommit==0 ){
        /* Foreign key support may not be enabled or disabled while not
        ** in auto-commit mode.  */
        mask &= ~(SQLITE_ForeignKeys);
      }
#if SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
      if( db->auth.authLevel==UAUTH_User ){

    Table *pTab;
    pTab = sqlite3LocateTable(pParse, LOCATE_NOERR, zRight, zDb);
    if( pTab ){
      int i, k;
      int nHidden = 0;
      Column *pCol;
      Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
      pParse->nMem = 7;
      sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iDb);
      sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
      for(i=0, pCol=pTab->aCol; i<pTab->nCol; i++, pCol++){
        int isHidden = IsHiddenColumn(pCol);
        if( isHidden && pPragma->iArg==0 ){
          nHidden++;
          continue;
        }
        if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)==0 ){
          k = 0;
        }else if( pPk==0 ){
          k = 1;
        }else{
          for(k=1; k<=pTab->nCol && pPk->aiColumn[k-1]!=i; k++){}
        }
        assert( pCol->pDflt==0 || pCol->pDflt->op==TK_SPAN );
        sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, pPragma->iArg ? "issisii" : "issisi",
               i-nHidden,
               pCol->zName,
               sqlite3ColumnType(pCol,""),
               pCol->notNull ? 1 : 0,
               pCol->pDflt ? pCol->pDflt->u.zToken : 0,
               k,
               isHidden);
      }
    }
  }
  break;

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  case PragTyp_STATS: {

      sqlite3VdbeMultiLoad(v, 1, "ss", db->aDb[i].zDbSName, zState);
    }
    break;
  }
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
  /* Pragma        iArg
  ** ----------   ------
  **  key           0
  **  rekey         1
  **  hexkey        2
  **  hexrekey      3
  **  textkey       4
  **  textrekey     5
  */
  case PragTyp_KEY: {
    if( zRight ){
      int n = pPragma->iArg<4 ? sqlite3Strlen30(zRight) : -1;
      if( (pPragma->iArg & 1)==0 ){
        sqlite3_key_v2(db, zDb, zRight, n);
      }else{
        sqlite3_rekey_v2(db, zDb, zRight, n);
      }


    }
    break;
  }
  case PragTyp_HEXKEY: {
    if( zRight ){
      u8 iByte;
      int i;
      char zKey[40];
      for(i=0, iByte=0; i<sizeof(zKey)*2 && sqlite3Isxdigit(zRight[i]); i++){
        iByte = (iByte<<4) + sqlite3HexToInt(zRight[i]);
        if( (i&1)!=0 ) zKey[i/2] = iByte;
      }
      if( (pPragma->iArg & 1)==0 ){
        sqlite3_key_v2(db, zDb, zKey, i/2);
      }else{
        sqlite3_rekey_v2(db, zDb, zKey, i/2);
      }
    }
    break;
  }

  0,                           /* xSync - sync transaction */
  0,                           /* xCommit - commit transaction */
  0,                           /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
  0,                           /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
  0,                           /* xRename - rename the table */
  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
  0,                           /* xRelease */
  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
  0                            /* xShadowName */
};

/*
** Check to see if zTabName is really the name of a pragma.  If it is,
** then register an eponymous virtual table for that pragma and return
** a pointer to the Module object for the new virtual table.
*/

    }
#endif
  }
  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    sqlite3ResetAllSchemasOfConnection(db);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK || (db->flags&SQLITE_NoSchemaError)){
    /* Black magic: If the SQLITE_NoSchemaError flag is set, then consider
    ** the schema loaded, even if errors occurred. In this situation the 
    ** current sqlite3_prepare() operation will fail, but the following one
    ** will attempt to compile the supplied statement against whatever subset
    ** of the schema was loaded before the error occurred. The primary
    ** purpose of this is to allow access to the sqlite_master table
    ** even when its contents have been corrupted.
    */

  sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
  rc = sqlite3ApiExit(db, rc);
  assert( (rc&db->errMask)==rc );
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
  return rc;
}

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
/*
** Checks if the specified token is a table, column, or function name,
** based on the databases associated with the statement being prepared.
** If the function fails, zero is returned and pRc is filled with the
** error code.
*/
static int shouldTreatAsIdentifier(
  sqlite3 *db,        /* Database handle. */
  const char *zToken, /* Pointer to start of token to be checked */
  int nToken,         /* Length of token to be checked */
  int *pRc            /* Pointer to error code upon failure */
){
  int bFound = 0;     /* Non-zero if token is an identifier name. */
  int i, j;           /* Database and column loop indexes. */
  Schema *pSchema;    /* Schema for current database. */
  Hash *pHash;        /* Hash table of tables for current database. */
  HashElem *e;        /* Hash element for hash table iteration. */
  Table *pTab;        /* Database table for columns being checked. */

  if( sqlite3IsRowidN(zToken, nToken) ){
    return 1;
  }
  if( nToken>0 ){
    int hash = SQLITE_FUNC_HASH(sqlite3UpperToLower[(u8)zToken[0]], nToken);
    if( sqlite3FunctionSearchN(hash, zToken, nToken) ) return 1;
  }
  assert( db!=0 );
  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
  sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(db);
  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
    pHash = &db->aFunc;
    if( sqlite3HashFindN(pHash, zToken, nToken) ){
      bFound = 1;
      break;
    }
    pSchema = db->aDb[i].pSchema;
    if( pSchema==0 ) continue;
    pHash = &pSchema->tblHash;
    if( sqlite3HashFindN(pHash, zToken, nToken) ){
      bFound = 1;
      break;
    }
    for(e=sqliteHashFirst(pHash); e; e=sqliteHashNext(e)){
      pTab = sqliteHashData(e);
      if( pTab==0 ) continue;
      pHash = pTab->pColHash;
      if( pHash==0 ){
        pTab->pColHash = pHash = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(Hash));
        if( pHash ){
          sqlite3HashInit(pHash);
          for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
            Column *pCol = &pTab->aCol[j];
            sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, pCol->zName, pCol);
          }
        }else{
          *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
          bFound = 0;
          goto done;
        }
      }
      if( pHash && sqlite3HashFindN(pHash, zToken, nToken) ){
        bFound = 1;
        goto done;
      }
    }
  }
done:
  sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
  return bFound;
}

/*
** Attempt to estimate the final output buffer size needed for the fully
** normalized version of the specified SQL string.  This should take into
** account any potential expansion that could occur (e.g. via IN clauses
** being expanded, etc).  This size returned is the total number of bytes
** including the NUL terminator.
*/
static int estimateNormalizedSize(
  const char *zSql, /* The original SQL string */
  int nSql,         /* Length of original SQL string */
  u8 prepFlags      /* The flags passed to sqlite3_prepare_v3() */
){
  int nOut = nSql + 4;
  const char *z = zSql;
  while( nOut<nSql*5 ){
    while( z[0]!=0 && z[0]!='I' && z[0]!='i' ){ z++; }
    if( z[0]==0 ) break;
    z++;
    if( z[0]!='N' && z[0]!='n' ) break;
    z++;
    while( sqlite3Isspace(z[0]) ){ z++; }
    if( z[0]!='(' ) break;
    z++;
    nOut += 5; /* ?,?,? */
  }
  return nOut;
}

/*
** Copy the current token into the output buffer while dealing with quoted
** identifiers.  By default, all letters will be converted into lowercase.
** If the bUpper flag is set, uppercase will be used.  The piOut argument
** will be used to update the target index into the output string.
*/
static void copyNormalizedToken(
  const char *zSql, /* The original SQL string */
  int iIn,          /* Current index into the original SQL string */
  int nToken,       /* Number of bytes in the current token */
  int tokenFlags,   /* Flags returned by the tokenizer */
  char *zOut,       /* The output string */
  int *piOut        /* Pointer to target index into the output string */
){
  int bQuoted = tokenFlags & SQLITE_TOKEN_QUOTED;
  int bKeyword = tokenFlags & SQLITE_TOKEN_KEYWORD;
  int j = *piOut, k = 0;
  for(; k<nToken; k++){
    if( bQuoted ){
      if( k==0 && iIn>0 ){
        zOut[j++] = '"';
        continue;
      }else if( k==nToken-1 ){
        zOut[j++] = '"';
        continue;
      }
    }
    if( bKeyword ){
      zOut[j++] = sqlite3Toupper(zSql[iIn+k]);
    }else{
      zOut[j++] = sqlite3Tolower(zSql[iIn+k]);
    }
  }
  *piOut = j;
}

/*
** Perform normalization of the SQL contained in the prepared statement and
** store the result in the zNormSql field.  The schema for the associated
** databases are consulted while performing the normalization in order to
** determine if a token appears to be an identifier.  All identifiers are
** left intact in the normalized SQL and all literals are replaced with a
** single '?'.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3Normalize(
  Vdbe *pVdbe,      /* VM being reprepared */
  const char *zSql, /* The original SQL string */
  int nSql,         /* Size of the input string in bytes */
  u8 prepFlags      /* The flags passed to sqlite3_prepare_v3() */
){
  sqlite3 *db;           /* Database handle. */
  char *z;               /* The output string */
  int nZ;                /* Size of the output string in bytes */
  int i;                 /* Next character to read from zSql[] */
  int j;                 /* Next character to fill in on z[] */
  int tokenType = 0;     /* Type of the next token */
  int prevTokenType = 0; /* Type of the previous token, except spaces */
  int n;                 /* Size of the next token */
  int nParen = 0;        /* Nesting level of parenthesis */
  Hash inHash;           /* Table of parenthesis levels to output index. */

  db = sqlite3VdbeDb(pVdbe);
  assert( db!=0 );
  assert( pVdbe->zNormSql==0 );
  if( zSql==0 ) return;
  nZ = estimateNormalizedSize(zSql, nSql, prepFlags);
  z = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, nZ);
  if( z==0 ) return;
  sqlite3HashInit(&inHash);
  for(i=j=0; i<nSql && zSql[i]; i+=n){
    int flags = 0;
    if( tokenType!=TK_SPACE ) prevTokenType = tokenType;
    n = sqlite3GetTokenNormalized((unsigned char*)zSql+i, &tokenType, &flags);
    switch( tokenType ){
      case TK_SPACE: {
        break;
      }
      case TK_ILLEGAL: {
        sqlite3DbFree(db, z);
        sqlite3HashClear(&inHash);
        return;
      }
      case TK_STRING:
      case TK_INTEGER:
      case TK_FLOAT:
      case TK_VARIABLE:
      case TK_BLOB: {
        z[j++] = '?';
        break;
      }
      case TK_LP:
      case TK_RP: {
        if( tokenType==TK_LP ){
          nParen++;
          if( prevTokenType==TK_IN ){
            assert( nParen<nSql );
            sqlite3HashInsert(&inHash, zSql+nParen, SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(j));
          }
        }else{
          int jj;
          assert( nParen<nSql );
          jj = SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(sqlite3HashFind(&inHash, zSql+nParen));
          if( jj>0 ){
            sqlite3HashInsert(&inHash, zSql+nParen, 0);
            assert( jj+6<nZ );
            memcpy(z+jj+1, "?,?,?", 5);
            j = jj+6;
            assert( nZ-1-j>=0 );
            assert( nZ-1-j<nZ );
            memset(z+j, 0, nZ-1-j);
          }
          nParen--;
        }
        assert( nParen>=0 );
        /* Fall through */
      }
      case TK_MINUS:
      case TK_SEMI:
      case TK_PLUS:
      case TK_STAR:
      case TK_SLASH:
      case TK_REM:
      case TK_EQ:
      case TK_LE:
      case TK_NE:
      case TK_LSHIFT:
      case TK_LT:
      case TK_RSHIFT:
      case TK_GT:
      case TK_GE:
      case TK_BITOR:
      case TK_CONCAT:
      case TK_COMMA:
      case TK_BITAND:
      case TK_BITNOT:
      case TK_DOT:
      case TK_IN:
      case TK_IS:
      case TK_NOT:
      case TK_NULL:
      case TK_ID: {
        if( tokenType==TK_NULL ){
          if( prevTokenType==TK_IS || prevTokenType==TK_NOT ){
            /* NULL is a keyword in this case, not a literal value */
          }else{
            /* Here the NULL is a literal value */
            z[j++] = '?';
            break;
          }
        }
        if( j>0 && sqlite3IsIdChar(z[j-1]) && sqlite3IsIdChar(zSql[i]) ){
          z[j++] = ' ';
        }
        if( tokenType==TK_ID ){
          int i2 = i, n2 = n, rc = SQLITE_OK;
          if( nParen>0 ){
            assert( nParen<nSql );
            sqlite3HashInsert(&inHash, zSql+nParen, 0);
          }
          if( flags&SQLITE_TOKEN_QUOTED ){ i2++; n2-=2; }
          if( shouldTreatAsIdentifier(db, zSql+i2, n2, &rc)==0 ){
            if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
              sqlite3DbFree(db, z);
              sqlite3HashClear(&inHash);
              return;
            }
            if( sqlite3_keyword_check(zSql+i2, n2)==0 ){
              z[j++] = '?';
              break;
            }
          }
        }
        copyNormalizedToken(zSql, i, n, flags, z, &j);
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  assert( j<nZ && "one" );
  while( j>0 && z[j-1]==' ' ){ j--; }
  if( j>0 && z[j-1]!=';' ){ z[j++] = ';'; }
  z[j] = 0;
  assert( j<nZ && "two" );
  pVdbe->zNormSql = z;
  sqlite3HashClear(&inHash);
}
#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE */

/*
** Rerun the compilation of a statement after a schema change.
**
** If the statement is successfully recompiled, return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise,
** if the statement cannot be recompiled because another connection has
** locked the sqlite3_master table, return SQLITE_LOCKED. If any other error
** occurs, return SQLITE_SCHEMA.

  int i;
  int nDefer = 0;
  ExprList *pExtra = 0;
  for(i=0; i<pEList->nExpr; i++){
    struct ExprList_item *pItem = &pEList->a[i];
    if( pItem->u.x.iOrderByCol==0 ){
      Expr *pExpr = pItem->pExpr;
      Table *pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
      if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN && pExpr->iColumn>=0 && pTab && !IsVirtual(pTab)
       && (pTab->aCol[pExpr->iColumn].colFlags & COLFLAG_SORTERREF)
      ){
        int j;
        for(j=0; j<nDefer; j++){
          if( pSort->aDefer[j].iCsr==pExpr->iTable ) break;
        }

              pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
              nKey = pPk->nKeyCol;
            }
            for(k=0; k<nKey; k++){
              Expr *pNew = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_COLUMN, 0, 0);
              if( pNew ){
                pNew->iTable = pExpr->iTable;
                pNew->y.pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
                pNew->iColumn = pPk ? pPk->aiColumn[k] : -1;
                pExtra = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pExtra, pNew);
              }
            }
            pSort->aDefer[nDefer].pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
            pSort->aDefer[nDefer].iCsr = pExpr->iTable;
            pSort->aDefer[nDefer].nKey = nKey;
            nDefer++;
          }
        }
        pItem->bSorterRef = 1;
      }

        ** This is not a problem, as the column type of "t1.col" is never
        ** used. When columnType() is called on the expression 
        ** "(SELECT t1.col)", the correct type is returned (see the TK_SELECT
        ** branch below.  */
        break;
      }

      assert( pTab && pExpr->y.pTab==pTab );
      if( pS ){
        /* The "table" is actually a sub-select or a view in the FROM clause
        ** of the SELECT statement. Return the declaration type and origin
        ** data for the result-set column of the sub-select.
        */
        if( iCol>=0 && iCol<pS->pEList->nExpr ){
          /* If iCol is less than zero, then the expression requests the

  srcName = (db->flags & SQLITE_ShortColNames)!=0 || fullName;
  sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(v, pEList->nExpr);
  for(i=0; i<pEList->nExpr; i++){
    Expr *p = pEList->a[i].pExpr;

    assert( p!=0 );
    assert( p->op!=TK_AGG_COLUMN );  /* Agg processing has not run yet */
    assert( p->op!=TK_COLUMN || p->y.pTab!=0 ); /* Covering idx not yet coded */
    if( pEList->a[i].zName ){
      /* An AS clause always takes first priority */
      char *zName = pEList->a[i].zName;
      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(v, i, COLNAME_NAME, zName, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    }else if( srcName && p->op==TK_COLUMN ){
      char *zCol;
      int iCol = p->iColumn;
      pTab = p->y.pTab;
      assert( pTab!=0 );
      if( iCol<0 ) iCol = pTab->iPKey;
      assert( iCol==-1 || (iCol>=0 && iCol<pTab->nCol) );
      if( iCol<0 ){
        zCol = "rowid";
      }else{
        zCol = pTab->aCol[iCol].zName;

        pColExpr = pColExpr->pRight;
        assert( pColExpr!=0 );
      }
      assert( pColExpr->op!=TK_AGG_COLUMN );
      if( pColExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
        /* For columns use the column name name */
        int iCol = pColExpr->iColumn;
        Table *pTab = pColExpr->y.pTab;
        assert( pTab!=0 );
        if( iCol<0 ) iCol = pTab->iPKey;
        zName = iCol>=0 ? pTab->aCol[iCol].zName : "rowid";
      }else if( pColExpr->op==TK_ID ){
        assert( !ExprHasProperty(pColExpr, EP_IntValue) );
        zName = pColExpr->u.zToken;
      }else{

  int eDest = SRT_Fifo;         /* How to write to Queue */
  SelectDest destQueue;         /* SelectDest targetting the Queue table */
  int i;                        /* Loop counter */
  int rc;                       /* Result code */
  ExprList *pOrderBy;           /* The ORDER BY clause */
  Expr *pLimit;                 /* Saved LIMIT and OFFSET */
  int regLimit, regOffset;      /* Registers used by LIMIT and OFFSET */

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
  if( p->pWin ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot use window functions in recursive queries");
    return;
  }
#endif

  /* Obtain authorization to do a recursive query */
  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_RECURSIVE, 0, 0, 0) ) return;

  /* Process the LIMIT and OFFSET clauses, if they exist */
  addrBreak = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(v);
  p->nSelectRow = 320;  /* 4 billion rows */

#endif

  return 1;
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) */

/*
** A structure to keep track of all of the column values that are fixed to
** a known value due to WHERE clause constraints of the form COLUMN=VALUE.
*/
typedef struct WhereConst WhereConst;
struct WhereConst {
  Parse *pParse;   /* Parsing context */
  int nConst;      /* Number for COLUMN=CONSTANT terms */
  int nChng;       /* Number of times a constant is propagated */
  Expr **apExpr;   /* [i*2] is COLUMN and [i*2+1] is VALUE */
};

/*
** Add a new entry to the pConst object.  Except, do not add duplicate
** pColumn entires.
*/
static void constInsert(
  WhereConst *pConst,      /* The WhereConst into which we are inserting */
  Expr *pColumn,           /* The COLUMN part of the constraint */
  Expr *pValue             /* The VALUE part of the constraint */
){
  int i;
  assert( pColumn->op==TK_COLUMN );

  /* 2018-10-25 ticket [cf5ed20f]
  ** Make sure the same pColumn is not inserted more than once */
  for(i=0; i<pConst->nConst; i++){
    const Expr *pExpr = pConst->apExpr[i*2];
    assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN );
    if( pExpr->iTable==pColumn->iTable
     && pExpr->iColumn==pColumn->iColumn
    ){
      return;  /* Already present.  Return without doing anything. */
    }
  }

  pConst->nConst++;
  pConst->apExpr = sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(pConst->pParse->db, pConst->apExpr,
                         pConst->nConst*2*sizeof(Expr*));
  if( pConst->apExpr==0 ){
    pConst->nConst = 0;
  }else{

  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
  if( pTab->aCol[i].affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_RealAffinity, iReg);
  }
#endif
}

/*
** Check to see if column iCol of index pIdx references any of the
** columns defined by aXRef and chngRowid.  Return true if it does
** and false if not.  This is an optimization.  False-positives are a
** performance degradation, but false-negatives can result in a corrupt
** index and incorrect answers.
**
** aXRef[j] will be non-negative if column j of the original table is
** being updated.  chngRowid will be true if the rowid of the table is
** being updated.
*/
static int indexColumnIsBeingUpdated(
  Index *pIdx,      /* The index to check */
  int iCol,         /* Which column of the index to check */
  int *aXRef,       /* aXRef[j]>=0 if column j is being updated */
  int chngRowid     /* true if the rowid is being updated */
){
  i16 iIdxCol = pIdx->aiColumn[iCol];
  assert( iIdxCol!=XN_ROWID ); /* Cannot index rowid */
  if( iIdxCol>=0 ){
    return aXRef[iIdxCol]>=0;
  }
  assert( iIdxCol==XN_EXPR );
  assert( pIdx->aColExpr!=0 );
  assert( pIdx->aColExpr->a[iCol].pExpr!=0 );
  return sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(pIdx->aColExpr->a[iCol].pExpr,
                                            aXRef,chngRowid);
}

/*
** Check to see if index pIdx is a partial index whose conditional
** expression might change values due to an UPDATE.  Return true if
** the index is subject to change and false if the index is guaranteed
** to be unchanged.  This is an optimization.  False-positives are a
** performance degradation, but false-negatives can result in a corrupt
** index and incorrect answers.
**
** aXRef[j] will be non-negative if column j of the original table is
** being updated.  chngRowid will be true if the rowid of the table is
** being updated.
*/
static int indexWhereClauseMightChange(
  Index *pIdx,      /* The index to check */
  int *aXRef,       /* aXRef[j]>=0 if column j is being updated */
  int chngRowid     /* true if the rowid is being updated */
){
  if( pIdx->pPartIdxWhere==0 ) return 0;
  return sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn(pIdx->pPartIdxWhere,
                                            aXRef, chngRowid);
}

/*
** Process an UPDATE statement.
**
**   UPDATE OR IGNORE table_wxyz SET a=b, c=d WHERE e<5 AND f NOT NULL;
**          \_______/ \________/     \______/       \________________/
*            onError   pTabList      pChanges             pWhere

  pTabList->a[0].colUsed = IsVirtual(pTab) ? ALLBITS : 0;

  hasFK = sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, aXRef, chngKey);

  /* There is one entry in the aRegIdx[] array for each index on the table
  ** being updated.  Fill in aRegIdx[] with a register number that will hold
  ** the key for accessing each index.


  */
  for(j=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, j++){
    int reg;
    if( chngKey || hasFK>1 || pIdx==pPk
     || indexWhereClauseMightChange(pIdx,aXRef,chngRowid)
    ){
      reg = ++pParse->nMem;
      pParse->nMem += pIdx->nColumn;
    }else{
      reg = 0;
      for(i=0; i<pIdx->nKeyCol; i++){
        if( indexColumnIsBeingUpdated(pIdx, i, aXRef, chngRowid) ){

          reg = ++pParse->nMem;
          pParse->nMem += pIdx->nColumn;
          if( (onError==OE_Replace)
           || (onError==OE_Default && pIdx->onError==OE_Replace) 
          ){
            bReplace = 1;
          }

  /* Populate the argument registers. */
  for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
    if( aXRef[i]>=0 ){
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr, regArg+2+i);
    }else{
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_VColumn, iCsr, i, regArg+2+i);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_NOCHNG);/* Enable sqlite3_vtab_nochange() */
    }
  }
  if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Rowid, iCsr, regArg);
    if( pRowid ){
      sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pRowid, regArg+1);
    }else{

  saved_flags = db->flags;
  saved_mDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
  saved_nChange = db->nChange;
  saved_nTotalChange = db->nTotalChange;
  saved_mTrace = db->mTrace;
  db->flags |= SQLITE_WriteSchema | SQLITE_IgnoreChecks;
  db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin | DBFLAG_Vacuum;
  db->flags &= ~(SQLITE_ForeignKeys | SQLITE_ReverseOrder
                   | SQLITE_Defensive | SQLITE_CountRows);
  db->mTrace = 0;

  zDbMain = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;
  pMain = db->aDb[iDb].pBt;
  isMemDb = sqlite3PagerIsMemdb(sqlite3BtreePager(pMain));

  /* Attach the temporary database as 'vacuum_db'. The synchronous pragma

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(
  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
  Token *pName1,        /* Name of new table, or database name */
  Token *pName2,        /* Name of new table or NULL */
  Token *pModuleName,   /* Name of the module for the virtual table */
  int ifNotExists       /* No error if the table already exists */
){

  Table *pTable;        /* The new virtual table */
  sqlite3 *db;          /* Database connection */

  sqlite3StartTable(pParse, pName1, pName2, 0, 0, 1, ifNotExists);
  pTable = pParse->pNewTable;
  if( pTable==0 ) return;
  assert( 0==pTable->pIndex );

  db = pParse->db;



  assert( pTable->nModuleArg==0 );
  addModuleArgument(db, pTable, sqlite3NameFromToken(db, pModuleName));
  addModuleArgument(db, pTable, 0);
  addModuleArgument(db, pTable, sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pTable->zName));
  assert( (pParse->sNameToken.z==pName2->z && pName2->z!=0)
       || (pParse->sNameToken.z==pName1->z && pName2->z==0)
  );
  pParse->sNameToken.n = (int)(
      &pModuleName->z[pModuleName->n] - pParse->sNameToken.z
  );

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  /* Creating a virtual table invokes the authorization callback twice.
  ** The first invocation, to obtain permission to INSERT a row into the
  ** sqlite_master table, has already been made by sqlite3StartTable().
  ** The second call, to obtain permission to create the table, is made now.
  */
  if( pTable->azModuleArg ){
    int iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTable->pSchema);
    assert( iDb>=0 ); /* The database the table is being created in */
    sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE, pTable->zName, 
            pTable->azModuleArg[0], pParse->db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName);
  }
#endif
}

/*

  void *pArg = 0;
  FuncDef *pNew;
  int rc = 0;

  /* Check to see the left operand is a column in a virtual table */
  if( NEVER(pExpr==0) ) return pDef;
  if( pExpr->op!=TK_COLUMN ) return pDef;
  pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
  if( pTab==0 ) return pDef;
  if( !IsVirtual(pTab) ) return pDef;
  pVtab = sqlite3GetVTable(db, pTab)->pVtab;
  assert( pVtab!=0 );
  assert( pVtab->pModule!=0 );
  pMod = (sqlite3_module *)pVtab->pModule;
  if( pMod->xFindFunction==0 ) return pDef;

  WhereLoop *pNew;          /* Template WhereLoop */
  WhereOrSet *pOrSet;       /* Record best loops here, if not NULL */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3_OR_STAT4
  UnpackedRecord *pRec;     /* Probe for stat4 (if required) */
  int nRecValid;            /* Number of valid fields currently in pRec */
#endif
  unsigned int bldFlags;    /* SQLITE_BLDF_* flags */
  unsigned int iPlanLimit;  /* Search limiter */
};

/* Allowed values for WhereLoopBuider.bldFlags */
#define SQLITE_BLDF_INDEXED  0x0001   /* An index is used */
#define SQLITE_BLDF_UNIQUE   0x0002   /* All keys of a UNIQUE index used */

/* The WhereLoopBuilder.iPlanLimit is used to limit the number of
** index+constraint combinations the query planner will consider for a
** particular query.  If this parameter is unlimited, then certain
** pathological queries can spend excess time in the sqlite3WhereBegin()
** routine.  The limit is high enough that is should not impact real-world
** queries.
**
** SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT is the baseline limit.  The limit is
** increased by SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT_INCR before each term of the FROM
** clause is processed, so that every table in a join is guaranteed to be
** able to propose a some index+constraint combinations even if the initial
** baseline limit was exhausted by prior tables of the join.
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT
# define SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT 20000
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT_INCR
# define SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT_INCR 1000
#endif

/*
** The WHERE clause processing routine has two halves.  The
** first part does the start of the WHERE loop and the second
** half does the tail of the WHERE loop.  An instance of
** this structure is returned by the first half and passed
** into the second half to give some continuity.

    ExprList *pLhs = 0;         /* New LHS after mods */
    int i;                      /* Loop counter */
    Select *pSelect;            /* Pointer to the SELECT on the RHS */

    for(i=iEq; i<pLoop->nLTerm; i++){
      if( pLoop->aLTerm[i]->pExpr==pX ){
        int iField = pLoop->aLTerm[i]->iField - 1;
        if( pOrigRhs->a[iField].pExpr==0 ) continue; /* Duplicate PK column */
        pRhs = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pRhs, pOrigRhs->a[iField].pExpr);
        pOrigRhs->a[iField].pExpr = 0;
        assert( pOrigLhs->a[iField].pExpr!=0 );
        pLhs = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pLhs, pOrigLhs->a[iField].pExpr);
        pOrigLhs->a[iField].pExpr = 0;
      }
    }

*/
static int whereIndexExprTransNode(Walker *p, Expr *pExpr){
  IdxExprTrans *pX = p->u.pIdxTrans;
  if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pExpr, pX->pIdxExpr, pX->iTabCur)==0 ){
    pExpr->op = TK_COLUMN;
    pExpr->iTable = pX->iIdxCur;
    pExpr->iColumn = pX->iIdxCol;
    pExpr->y.pTab = 0;
    return WRC_Prune;
  }else{
    return WRC_Continue;
  }
}

/*

        */
        if( sqlite3Isdigit(zNew[0])
         || zNew[0]=='-'
         || (zNew[0]+1=='0' && iTo==1)
        ){
          if( pLeft->op!=TK_COLUMN 
           || sqlite3ExprAffinity(pLeft)!=SQLITE_AFF_TEXT 
           || IsVirtual(pLeft->y.pTab)  /* Value might be numeric */
          ){
            sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pPrefix);
            sqlite3ValueFree(pVal);
            return 0;
          }
        }
      }

    ** virtual table on their second argument, which is the same as
    ** the left-hand side operand in their in-fix form.
    **
    **       vtab_column MATCH expression
    **       MATCH(expression,vtab_column)
    */
    pCol = pList->a[1].pExpr;
    if( pCol->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pCol->y.pTab) ){
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aOp); i++){
        if( sqlite3StrICmp(pExpr->u.zToken, aOp[i].zOp)==0 ){
          *peOp2 = aOp[i].eOp2;
          *ppRight = pList->a[0].pExpr;
          *ppLeft = pCol;
          return 1;
        }

    **      OVERLOADED(vtab_column,expression)
    **
    ** Historically, xFindFunction expected to see lower-case function
    ** names.  But for this use case, xFindFunction is expected to deal
    ** with function names in an arbitrary case.
    */
    pCol = pList->a[0].pExpr;
    if( pCol->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pCol->y.pTab) ){
      sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
      sqlite3_module *pMod;
      void (*xNotUsed)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
      void *pNotUsed;
      pVtab = sqlite3GetVTable(db, pCol->y.pTab)->pVtab;
      assert( pVtab!=0 );
      assert( pVtab->pModule!=0 );
      pMod = (sqlite3_module *)pVtab->pModule;
      if( pMod->xFindFunction!=0 ){
        i = pMod->xFindFunction(pVtab,2, pExpr->u.zToken, &xNotUsed, &pNotUsed);
        if( i>=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION ){
          *peOp2 = i;
          *ppRight = pList->a[1].pExpr;
          *ppLeft = pCol;
          return 1;
        }
      }
    }
  }else if( pExpr->op==TK_NE || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT || pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL ){
    int res = 0;
    Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
    Expr *pRight = pExpr->pRight;
    if( pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pLeft->y.pTab) ){
      res++;
    }
    if( pRight && pRight->op==TK_COLUMN && IsVirtual(pRight->y.pTab) ){
      res++;
      SWAP(Expr*, pLeft, pRight);
    }
    *ppLeft = pLeft;
    *ppRight = pRight;
    if( pExpr->op==TK_NE ) *peOp2 = SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE;
    if( pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT ) *peOp2 = SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT;

  ** virtual term of that form.
  **
  ** Note that the virtual term must be tagged with TERM_VNULL.
  */
  if( pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL
   && pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_COLUMN
   && pExpr->pLeft->iColumn>=0
   && !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FromJoin)
   && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_Stat34)
  ){
    Expr *pNewExpr;
    Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
    int idxNew;
    WhereTerm *pNewTerm;

  Expr *pTerm;
  if( pItem->fg.isTabFunc==0 ) return;
  pTab = pItem->pTab;
  assert( pTab!=0 );
  pArgs = pItem->u1.pFuncArg;
  if( pArgs==0 ) return;
  for(j=k=0; j<pArgs->nExpr; j++){
    Expr *pRhs;
    while( k<pTab->nCol && (pTab->aCol[k].colFlags & COLFLAG_HIDDEN)==0 ){k++;}
    if( k>=pTab->nCol ){
      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "too many arguments on %s() - max %d",
                      pTab->zName, j);
      return;
    }
    pColRef = sqlite3ExprAlloc(pParse->db, TK_COLUMN, 0, 0);
    if( pColRef==0 ) return;
    pColRef->iTable = pItem->iCursor;
    pColRef->iColumn = k++;
    pColRef->y.pTab = pTab;
    pRhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UPLUS, 
        sqlite3ExprDup(pParse->db, pArgs->a[j].pExpr, 0), 0);
    pTerm = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_EQ, pColRef, pRhs);
    whereClauseInsert(pWC, pTerm, TERM_DYNAMIC);
  }
}

/************** End of whereexpr.c *******************************************/
/************** Begin file where.c *******************************************/
/*

  if( pPartial ) sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iContinue);
  if( pTabItem->fg.viaCoroutine ){
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP2(v, addrCounter, regBase+n);
    testcase( pParse->db->mallocFailed );
    translateColumnToCopy(pParse, addrTop, pLevel->iTabCur,
                          pTabItem->regResult, 1);
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrTop);

  }else{
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, pLevel->iTabCur, addrTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
  }
  sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX);
  sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRecord);
  

**    (4)  The template has the same or lower cost than the current loop
*/
static int whereLoopInsert(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, WhereLoop *pTemplate){
  WhereLoop **ppPrev, *p;
  WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
  sqlite3 *db = pWInfo->pParse->db;
  int rc;

  /* Stop the search once we hit the query planner search limit */
  if( pBuilder->iPlanLimit==0 ){
    WHERETRACE(0xffffffff,("=== query planner search limit reached ===\n"));
    if( pBuilder->pOrSet ) pBuilder->pOrSet->n = 0;
    return SQLITE_DONE;
  }
  pBuilder->iPlanLimit--;

  /* If pBuilder->pOrSet is defined, then only keep track of the costs
  ** and prereqs.
  */
  if( pBuilder->pOrSet!=0 ){
    if( pTemplate->nLTerm ){
#if WHERETRACE_ENABLED

  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  WhereLoop *pNew;
  u8 priorJointype = 0;

  /* Loop over the tables in the join, from left to right */
  pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
  whereLoopInit(pNew);
  pBuilder->iPlanLimit = SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT;
  for(iTab=0, pItem=pTabList->a; pItem<pEnd; iTab++, pItem++){
    Bitmask mUnusable = 0;
    pNew->iTab = iTab;
    pBuilder->iPlanLimit += SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT_INCR;
    pNew->maskSelf = sqlite3WhereGetMask(&pWInfo->sMaskSet, pItem->iCursor);
    if( ((pItem->fg.jointype|priorJointype) & (JT_LEFT|JT_CROSS))!=0 ){
      /* This condition is true when pItem is the FROM clause term on the
      ** right-hand-side of a LEFT or CROSS JOIN.  */
      mPrereq = mPrior;
    }
    priorJointype = pItem->fg.jointype;

    {
      rc = whereLoopAddBtree(pBuilder, mPrereq);
    }
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pBuilder->pWC->hasOr ){
      rc = whereLoopAddOr(pBuilder, mPrereq, mUnusable);
    }
    mPrior |= pNew->maskSelf;
    if( rc || db->mallocFailed ){
      if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
        /* We hit the query planner search limit set by iPlanLimit */
        sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "abbreviated query algorithm search");
        rc = SQLITE_OK;
      }else{
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  whereLoopClear(db, pNew);
  return rc;
}

/*

      if( i==nSrc ) return WRC_Continue;
    }
  }

  switch( pExpr->op ){

    case TK_FUNCTION:
      if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
        break;
      }else{
        Window *pWin;
        for(pWin=p->pWin; pWin; pWin=pWin->pNextWin){
          if( pExpr->y.pWin==pWin ){
            assert( pWin->pOwner==pExpr );
            return WRC_Prune;
          }
        }
      }
      /* Fall through.  */

** any SQL window functions, this function is a no-op. Otherwise, it 
** rewrites the SELECT statement so that window function xStep functions
** are invoked in the correct order as described under "SELECT REWRITING"
** at the top of this file.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3WindowRewrite(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  if( p->pWin && p->pPrior==0 ){
    Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
    Select *pSub = 0;             /* The subquery */
    SrcList *pSrc = p->pSrc;
    Expr *pWhere = p->pWhere;
    ExprList *pGroupBy = p->pGroupBy;
    Expr *pHaving = p->pHaving;

}

/*
** Attach window object pWin to expression p.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3WindowAttach(Parse *pParse, Expr *p, Window *pWin){
  if( p ){
    assert( p->op==TK_FUNCTION );
    /* This routine is only called for the parser.  If pWin was not
    ** allocated due to an OOM, then the parser would fail before ever
    ** invoking this routine */
    if( ALWAYS(pWin) ){
      p->y.pWin = pWin;
      ExprSetProperty(p, EP_WinFunc);
      pWin->pOwner = p;
      if( p->flags & EP_Distinct ){
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
           "DISTINCT is not supported for window functions");
      }
    }
  }else{

/*
** Allocate and return a duplicate of the Window object indicated by the
** third argument. Set the Window.pOwner field of the new object to
** pOwner.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE Window *sqlite3WindowDup(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pOwner, Window *p){
  Window *pNew = 0;
  if( ALWAYS(p) ){
    pNew = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(Window));
    if( pNew ){
      pNew->zName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, p->zName);
      pNew->pFilter = sqlite3ExprDup(db, p->pFilter, 0);
      pNew->pPartition = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pPartition, 0);
      pNew->pOrderBy = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->pOrderBy, 0);
      pNew->eType = p->eType;

      p->op = (u8)op;
      p->affinity = 0;
      p->flags = EP_Leaf;
      p->iAgg = -1;
      p->pLeft = p->pRight = 0;
      p->x.pList = 0;
      p->pAggInfo = 0;
      p->y.pTab = 0;
      p->op2 = 0;
      p->iTable = 0;
      p->iColumn = 0;



      p->u.zToken = (char*)&p[1];
      memcpy(p->u.zToken, t.z, t.n);
      p->u.zToken[t.n] = 0;
      if( sqlite3Isquote(p->u.zToken[0]) ){
        if( p->u.zToken[0]=='"' ) p->flags |= EP_DblQuoted;
        sqlite3Dequote(p->u.zToken);
      }

#define sqlite3ParserARG_STORE
#define sqlite3ParserCTX_SDECL Parse *pParse;
#define sqlite3ParserCTX_PDECL ,Parse *pParse
#define sqlite3ParserCTX_PARAM ,pParse
#define sqlite3ParserCTX_FETCH Parse *pParse=yypParser->pParse;
#define sqlite3ParserCTX_STORE yypParser->pParse=pParse;
#define YYFALLBACK 1
#define YYNSTATE             525
#define YYNRULE              367
#define YYNTOKEN             155
#define YY_MAX_SHIFT         524
#define YY_MIN_SHIFTREDUCE   760
#define YY_MAX_SHIFTREDUCE   1126
#define YY_ERROR_ACTION      1127
#define YY_ACCEPT_ACTION     1128
#define YY_NO_ACTION         1129
#define YY_MIN_REDUCE        1130
#define YY_MAX_REDUCE        1496
/************* End control #defines *******************************************/
#define YY_NLOOKAHEAD ((int)(sizeof(yy_lookahead)/sizeof(yy_lookahead[0])))

/* Define the yytestcase() macro to be a no-op if is not already defined
** otherwise.
**
** Applications can choose to define yytestcase() in the %include section

**  yy_reduce_ofst[]   For each state, the offset into yy_action for
**                     shifting non-terminals after a reduce.
**  yy_default[]       Default action for each state.
**
*********** Begin parsing tables **********************************************/
#define YY_ACTTAB_COUNT (2009)
static const YYACTIONTYPE yy_action[] = {
 /*     0 */   372,  105,  102,  197,  105,  102,  197,  519, 1128,    1,
 /*    10 */     1,  524,    2, 1132,  519, 1196, 1175, 1460,  275,  374,
 /*    20 */   127, 1393, 1201, 1201, 1196, 1170,  178, 1209,   64,   64,
 /*    30 */   481,  891,  326,  432,  352,   37,   37,  812,  366,  892,
 /*    40 */   513,  513,  513,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,
 /*    50 */   950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111,  369,  252,
 /*    60 */   252,  519,  252,  252,  501,  519,  313,  519,  463,  519,
 /*    70 */  1083,  495,  516,  482,    6,  516,  813,  134,  502,  228,
 /*    80 */   194,  432,   37,   37,  519,  208,   64,   64,   64,   64,
 /*    90 */    13,   13,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,
 /*   100 */   107,  106,  405,  258,  385,   13,   13,  402,  401,  432,
 /*   110 */   252,  252,  374,  480,  409, 1108, 1083, 1084, 1085,  390,
 /*   120 */  1110,  394,  501,  516,  501, 1427, 1423,  308, 1109,  311,
 /*   130 */  1260,  500,  374,  503,   16,   16,  112,  113,  103, 1104,
 /*   140 */  1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   150 */   111,  262, 1111,  499, 1111,  405,  112,  113,  103, 1104,
 /*   160 */  1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   170 */   111,  129, 1429,  347, 1424,  343, 1063,  496, 1061,  263,
 /*   180 */    73,  105,  102,  197,  998,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,
 /*   190 */   108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  374,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   200 */   111,  104,  496,   89, 1436,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,
 /*   210 */   108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  111,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   220 */   112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,
 /*   230 */   110,  111,  111,  111,  111,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,
 /*   240 */   108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  114,  108,  108,  107,
 /*   250 */   107,  107,  106,  405,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,
 /*   260 */   107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  152,  403,  403,  403,  109,
 /*   270 */   109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,
 /*   280 */   178,  497, 1416,  438, 1041, 1490, 1083,  519, 1490,  374,
 /*   290 */   425,  301,  361,  416,   74, 1083,  109,  109,  109,  109,
 /*   300 */   108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405, 1417,   37,   37,
 /*   310 */  1435,  274,  510,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,
 /*   320 */   950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111, 1440,  524,
 /*   330 */     2, 1132, 1083, 1084, 1085,  434,  275, 1083,  127,  370,
 /*   340 */   937, 1083, 1084, 1085,  220, 1209,  917,  462,  459,  458,
 /*   350 */   396,  167,  519, 1039,  152,  449,  928,  457,  152,  878,
 /*   360 */   927,  293,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,
 /*   370 */   107,  106,  405,   13,   13,  261,  857,  252,  252,  227,
 /*   380 */   106,  405,  374, 1083, 1084, 1085,  315,  392, 1083,  300,
 /*   390 */   516,  927,  927,  929,  231,  327, 1259, 1392, 1427,  494,
 /*   400 */   274,  510,   12,  208,  274,  510,  112,  113,  103, 1104,
 /*   410 */  1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   420 */   111, 1444,  290, 1132,  292, 1083, 1101,  247,  275, 1102,
 /*   430 */   127,  391,  409,  393, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1209,  159,  238,
 /*   440 */   255,  325,  465,  320,  464,  225,  794,  105,  102,  197,
 /*   450 */   517,  318,  846,  846,  449,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,
 /*   460 */   108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  519,  518,  519,  252,
 /*   470 */   252, 1083, 1084, 1085,  439,  374, 1102,  937, 1464,  798,
 /*   480 */   274,  510,  516,  105,  102,  197,  340,   63,   63,   64,
 /*   490 */    64,   27,  794,  928,  291,  208, 1358,  927,  519,  112,
 /*   500 */   113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,
 /*   510 */   111,  111,  111,  111,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,   49,
 /*   520 */    49,  519,   28, 1083,  409,  501,  425,  301,  927,  927,
 /*   530 */   929,  186,  472, 1083,  471, 1003, 1003,  446,  519, 1083,
 /*   540 */   338,  519,   45,   45, 1087,  346,  173,  168,  109,  109,
 /*   550 */   109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,   13,
 /*   560 */    13,  205,   13,   13,  252,  252, 1199, 1199,  374, 1083,
 /*   570 */  1084, 1085,  791,  265,    5,  363,  498,  516,  473, 1083,
 /*   580 */  1084, 1085,  402,  401, 1083, 1083, 1084, 1085,    3,  282,
 /*   590 */  1083, 1087,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,
 /*   600 */   950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111,  252,  252, 1019,
 /*   610 */   220, 1083,  877,  462,  459,  458,  947,  947,  958,  961,
 /*   620 */   516,  252,  252,  457, 1020, 1083,  449, 1111, 1213, 1111,
 /*   630 */  1083, 1084, 1085,  519,  516,  430, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1021,
 /*   640 */   516,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,
 /*   650 */   106,  405, 1056,  519,   50,   50,  519, 1083, 1084, 1085,
 /*   660 */   832,  374, 1055,  383,  415, 1068, 1362,  207,  412,  777,
 /*   670 */   833, 1083, 1084, 1085,   64,   64,  326,   64,   64, 1306,
 /*   680 */   951,  415,  414, 1362, 1364,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,
 /*   690 */   957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111,
 /*   700 */   298,  486,  519, 1041, 1491,  519,  438, 1491,  358, 1124,
 /*   710 */   487, 1000,  917,  489,  470, 1000,  132,  178,   33,  454,
 /*   720 */  1207,  136,  410,   64,   64,  483,   64,   64,  423,  373,
 /*   730 */   283, 1150,  252,  252,  109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,
 /*   740 */   107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  516,  224,  444,  415,  266,
 /*   750 */  1362,  266,  252,  252,  374,  300,  420,  286,  938,  400,
 /*   760 */   980,  474,  404,  252,  252,  516,    9,  477,  231,  504,
 /*   770 */   358, 1040, 1039, 1492,  359,  378,  516, 1125,  112,  113,
 /*   780 */   103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,
 /*   790 */   111,  111,  111,  252,  252, 1019,  519, 1351,  299,  252,
 /*   800 */   252,  252,  252, 1102,  379,  249,  516,  449,  876,  326,
 /*   810 */  1020,  484,  516,  195,  516,  438,  273,   15,   15,  519,
 /*   820 */   318,  519,   95,  519,   93, 1021,  371,  109,  109,  109,
 /*   830 */   109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  519, 1125,
 /*   840 */    39,   39,   51,   51,   52,   52,  507,  374,  519, 1208,
 /*   850 */  1102,  922,  443,  345,  133,  440,  223,  222,  221,   53,
 /*   860 */    53,  326, 1404,  765,  766,  767,  519,  374,   88,   54,
 /*   870 */    54,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,
 /*   880 */   110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111,  411,   55,   55,  196,
 /*   890 */   519,  112,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,
 /*   900 */   110,  110,  111,  111,  111,  111,  135,  264, 1153,  380,
 /*   910 */   519,   40,   40,  519,  876,  519,  997,  519,  997,  116,
 /*   920 */   109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,
 /*   930 */   405,   41,   41,  519,   43,   43,   44,   44,   56,   56,
 /*   940 */   109,  109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,
 /*   950 */   405,  519,  383,  519,   57,   57,  519,  803,  519,  383,
 /*   960 */   519,  449,  200,  519,  327,  519, 1401,  519, 1463,  519,
 /*   970 */  1291,  821,   58,   58,   14,   14,  519,   59,   59,  118,
 /*   980 */   118,   60,   60,  519,   46,   46,   61,   61,   62,   62,
 /*   990 */    47,   47,  519,  190,  189,   91,  519,  140,  140,  519,
 /*  1000 */   398,  519,  277, 1204,  141,  141,  519, 1119,  519,  996,
 /*  1010 */   519,  996,  519,   69,   69,  374,  278,   48,   48,  259,
 /*  1020 */    65,   65,  119,  119,  246,  246,  260,   66,   66,  120,
 /*  1030 */   120,  121,  121,  117,  117,  374,  519,  516,  387,  112,
 /*  1040 */   113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,
 /*  1050 */   111,  111,  111,  111,  519,  876,  519,  139,  139,  112,
 /*  1060 */   113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,
 /*  1070 */   111,  111,  111,  111, 1291,  138,  138,  125,  125,  519,
 /*  1080 */    12,  519,  281, 1291,  519,  449,  131, 1291,  109,  109,
 /*  1090 */   109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  519,
 /*  1100 */   124,  124,  122,  122,  519,  123,  123,  519,  109,  109,
 /*  1110 */   109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  519,
 /*  1120 */    68,   68,  467,  787,  519,   70,   70,  306,   67,   67,
 /*  1130 */  1036,  253,  253,  360, 1291,  191,  196, 1437,  469, 1305,
 /*  1140 */    38,   38,  388,   94,  516,   42,   42,  177,  852,  274,
 /*  1150 */   510,  389,  424,  851, 1360,  445,  512,  380,  381,  153,
 /*  1160 */   427,  876,  436,  374,  224,  251,  194,  891,  182,  297,
 /*  1170 */   787,  852,   88,  254,  470,  892,  851,  919,  811,  810,
 /*  1180 */   230, 1245,  914,  374,   17,  417,  801,  112,  113,  103,
 /*  1190 */  1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,
 /*  1200 */   111,  111,  399,  818,  819, 1179,  987,  112,  101,  103,
 /*  1210 */  1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,  110,  111,  111,
 /*  1220 */   111,  111,  379,  426,  431,  433,  302,  230,  230,   88,
 /*  1230 */  1244,  455,  316,  801,  226,   88,  109,  109,  109,  109,
 /*  1240 */   108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,   86,  437,  983,
 /*  1250 */   931,  885,  226,  987,  230,  419,  109,  109,  109,  109,
 /*  1260 */   108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,  324,  849,  785,
 /*  1270 */   850,  100,  130,  100, 1407,  294,  374,  323, 1381, 1380,
 /*  1280 */   441, 1453,  303, 1241,  307,  310,  312,  314, 1192, 1178,
 /*  1290 */  1177, 1176,  319,  328,  329, 1232,  374,  931, 1253,  271,
 /*  1300 */  1290,  113,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,
 /*  1310 */   110,  111,  111,  111,  111, 1228, 1239,  506,  505, 1296,
 /*  1320 */  1225, 1159,  103, 1104, 1104,  957,  960,  950,  950,  110,
 /*  1330 */   110,  111,  111,  111,  111, 1152, 1141, 1140, 1142, 1447,
 /*  1340 */   450,  244,  184,   98,  511,  188,    4,  357,  331,  109,
 /*  1350 */   109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,
 /*  1360 */   514,  333,  335,  199,  418,  460,  296,  289,  322,  109,
 /*  1370 */   109,  109,  109,  108,  108,  107,  107,  107,  106,  405,
 /*  1380 */    11,  285, 1283,  406,  365,  192, 1175, 1355,  435,  509,
 /*  1390 */   350, 1354,  337,   98,  511,  508,    4,  187, 1450, 1119,
 /*  1400 */   233, 1400,  155, 1398, 1116,  152,   72,   75,  382,  429,
 /*  1410 */   514,  165,  115,  499,  937, 1280, 1275,   30,  149,  157,
 /*  1420 */    96,   96,    8,  284,   86,  288,  287,   97, 1272,  406,
 /*  1430 */   521,  520,  421,  406,  927,  422,  453,  210,  160,  161,
 /*  1440 */   162,  163,  362,  428, 1286,  508,  442,  214,   80,  364,
 /*  1450 */    31,  274,  510,  169, 1349,  448,  492,  245, 1369,  216,
 /*  1460 */   174,  491,  451,  309,  937,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24,
 /*  1470 */    96,   96,  305,  217,  367,  466, 1143,   97,  218,  406,
 /*  1480 */   521,  520, 1195, 1194,  927, 1193,  395,  803,   98,  511,
 /*  1490 */   368,    4, 1186, 1167, 1185,  269, 1166,  321, 1165, 1462,
 /*  1500 */   397,  270,  485,  476,  479,  514,   85,  232, 1236,   98,
 /*  1510 */   511,  330,    4,  490,  340,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24,
 /*  1520 */  1439, 1072,  408, 1237,  339,  256,  514, 1418,  406,   10,
 /*  1530 */   356,  356,  355,  241,  353,  181,   92,  774, 1235, 1218,
 /*  1540 */   508,  342,   87,  332,  334, 1217, 1234,  336,  344,  406,
 /*  1550 */   201,  492,  280,  183,  488,  348,  493,  349,  239,  937,
 /*  1560 */   279,  508, 1335,   29, 1149,   96,   96,  522, 1078,  272,
 /*  1570 */   243,  240,   97,  242,  406,  521,  520,  523, 1138,  927,
 /*  1580 */   937,  142, 1133, 1385,  143, 1386,   96,   96,  856,  376,
 /*  1590 */   203,  761,  154,   97, 1384,  406,  521,  520,  204,  377,
 /*  1600 */   927,  146,  144, 1383,  407, 1163, 1162,  128,  202,   71,
 /*  1610 */   927,  927,  929,  930,   24,  267, 1160,  185,  276,  198,
 /*  1620 */   257,   98,  511,  126,    4,  911,  995,  156,  993,  145,
 /*  1630 */   206,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24,  158,  835,  514,  209,
 /*  1640 */   295, 1009,  375,  164,  915,  147,  384,  274,  510,  386,
 /*  1650 */   166,   76,   77,   78,  148, 1012,  211,  212, 1008,  137,
 /*  1660 */    18,  406,   79,  213,  304, 1001, 1113,  230,  447,  215,
 /*  1670 */   413,  171,   32,  508,  323,  776,  170,  452,  172,  219,
 /*  1680 */   456,   81,   19,   20,  492,  317,  461,   82,  268,  491,
 /*  1690 */   150,  814,  937,  179,   83,  468,  151,  180,   96,   96,
 /*  1700 */   963,   84, 1044,   34,  475,   97, 1045,  406,  521,  520,
 /*  1710 */  1072,  408,  927,   35,  256,  884,  478,  248,  193,  356,
 /*  1720 */   356,  355,  241,  353,  250,  175,  774,  229,  879,   21,
 /*  1730 */   100,   98,  511,   22,    4, 1058, 1049,  176,  341,  201,
 /*  1740 */     7,  280, 1062,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24,  514,  279,
 /*  1750 */    88, 1060,   23,  978,  964,  962,  966, 1018, 1017,  967,
 /*  1760 */   235,   90,  511,  234,    4,   25,   36,  515,  932,  786,
 /*  1770 */   845,  406,   99,   26,  236,  237,  351, 1455,  514,  203,
 /*  1780 */   354, 1454, 1073,  508, 1129, 1129, 1129,  204, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1790 */   146, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  202, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1800 */  1129,  406,  937, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,   96,   96,
 /*  1810 */  1129, 1129, 1129,  508, 1129,   97, 1129,  406,  521,  520,
 /*  1820 */  1129, 1129,  927, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1830 */  1129,  375,  937, 1129, 1129, 1129,  274,  510,   96,   96,
 /*  1840 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,   97, 1129,  406,  521,  520,
 /*  1850 */  1129, 1129,  927,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24, 1129,  413,
 /*  1860 */  1129, 1129, 1129,  256, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  356,  356,
 /*  1870 */   355,  241,  353, 1129, 1129,  774, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1880 */  1129, 1129, 1129,  927,  927,  929,  930,   24,  201, 1129,
 /*  1890 */   280, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  279, 1129,
 /*  1900 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1910 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1920 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  203, 1129,
 /*  1930 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  204, 1129, 1129,  146,
 /*  1940 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  202, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1950 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1960 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1970 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1980 */   375, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  274,  510, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  1990 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,
 /*  2000 */  1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129, 1129,  413,
};
static const YYCODETYPE yy_lookahead[] = {
 /*     0 */   184,  238,  239,  240,  238,  239,  240,  163,  155,  156,
 /*    10 */   157,  158,  159,  160,  163,  191,  192,  183,  165,   19,
 /*    20 */   167,  258,  202,  203,  200,  191,  163,  174,  184,  185,
 /*    30 */   174,   31,  163,  163,  171,  184,  185,   35,  175,   39,
 /*    40 */   179,  180,  181,   43,   44,   45,   46,   47,   48,   49,