Fossil

2.23
2.24

#!/bin/sh
# Looks for a suitable tclsh or jimsh in the PATH
# If not found, builds a bootstrap jimsh from source
# Prefer $autosetup_tclsh if is set in the environment
d=`dirname "$0"`
{ "$d/jimsh0" "$d/autosetup-test-tclsh"; } 2>/dev/null && exit 0
PATH="$PATH:$d"; export PATH
for tclsh in $autosetup_tclsh jimsh tclsh tclsh8.5 tclsh8.6; do
	{ $tclsh "$d/autosetup-test-tclsh"; } 2>/dev/null && exit 0
done
echo 1>&2 "No installed jimsh or tclsh, building local bootstrap jimsh0"
for cc in ${CC_FOR_BUILD:-cc} gcc; do
	{ $cc -o "$d/jimsh0" "$d/jimsh0.c"; } 2>/dev/null || continue
	{ $cc -o "$d/jimsh0" "$d/jimsh0.c"; } >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
	"$d/jimsh0" "$d/autosetup-test-tclsh" && exit 0
done
echo 1>&2 "No working C compiler found. Tried ${CC_FOR_BUILD:-cc} and gcc."
echo false

#endif
#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>

/* string conversion routines only needed on Win32 */
extern char *sqlite3_win32_unicode_to_utf8(LPCWSTR);
extern char *sqlite3_win32_mbcs_to_utf8_v2(const char *, int);
extern char *sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_mbcs_v2(const char *, int);
extern LPWSTR sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(const char *zText);
#endif

/* Use console I/O package as a direct INCLUDE. */
#define SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE static
/* On Windows, we normally run with output mode of TEXT so that \n characters
** are automatically translated into \r\n.  However, this behavior needs
** to be disabled in some cases (ex: when generating CSV output and when
** rendering quoted strings that contain \n characters).  The following
** routines take care of that.
*/
#if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
static void setBinaryMode(FILE *file, int isOutput){
  if( isOutput ) fflush(file);
  _setmode(_fileno(file), _O_BINARY);
}
static void setTextMode(FILE *file, int isOutput){
  if( isOutput ) fflush(file);
  _setmode(_fileno(file), _O_TEXT);
}

#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
/* Deselect most features from the console I/O package for Fiddle. */
# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_REDIRECT
# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_CLASSIFY
# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE
#endif
/************************* Begin ../ext/consio/console_io.h ******************/
/*
** 2023 November 1
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
********************************************************************************
** This file exposes various interfaces used for console and other I/O
** by the SQLite project command-line tools. These interfaces are used
** at either source conglomeration time, compilation time, or run time.
** This source provides for either inclusion into conglomerated,
** "single-source" forms or separate compilation then linking.
**
** Platform dependencies are "hidden" here by various stratagems so
** that, provided certain conditions are met, the programs using this
** source or object code compiled from it need no explicit conditional
** compilation in their source for their console and stream I/O.
**
** The symbols and functionality exposed here are not a public API.
** This code may change in tandem with other project code as needed.
**
** When this .h file and its companion .c are directly incorporated into
** a source conglomeration (such as shell.c), the preprocessor symbol
** CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE is defined as 0 or 1, reflecting whether console I/O
** translation for Windows is effected for the build.
*/

#ifndef SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE
# define SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE extern /* external to translation unit */
# include <stdio.h>
#else
# define SHELL_NO_SYSINC /* Better yet, modify mkshellc.tcl for this. */
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE3_H
/* # include "sqlite3.h" */
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_CLASSIFY

/* Define enum for use with following function. */
typedef enum StreamsAreConsole {
  SAC_NoConsole = 0,
  SAC_InConsole = 1, SAC_OutConsole = 2, SAC_ErrConsole = 4,
  SAC_AnyConsole = 0x7
} StreamsAreConsole;

/*
** Classify the three standard I/O streams according to whether
** they are connected to a console attached to the process.
**
** Returns the bit-wise OR of SAC_{In,Out,Err}Console values,
** or SAC_NoConsole if none of the streams reaches a console.
**
** This function should be called before any I/O is done with
** the given streams. As a side-effect, the given inputs are
** recorded so that later I/O operations on them may be done
** differently than the C library FILE* I/O would be done,
** iff the stream is used for the I/O functions that follow,
** and to support the ones that use an implicit stream.
**
** On some platforms, stream or console mode alteration (aka
** "Setup") may be made which is undone by consoleRestore().
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE StreamsAreConsole
consoleClassifySetup( FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, FILE *pfErr );
/* A usual call for convenience: */
#define SQLITE_STD_CONSOLE_INIT() consoleClassifySetup(stdin,stdout,stderr)

/*
** After an initial call to consoleClassifySetup(...), renew
** the same setup it effected. (A call not after is an error.)
** This will restore state altered by consoleRestore();
**
** Applications which run an inferior (child) process which
** inherits the same I/O streams may call this function after
** such a process exits to guard against console mode changes.
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void consoleRenewSetup(void);

/*
** Undo any side-effects left by consoleClassifySetup(...).
**
** This should be called after consoleClassifySetup() and
** before the process terminates normally. It is suitable
** for use with the atexit() C library procedure. After
** this call, no console I/O should be done until one of
** console{Classify or Renew}Setup(...) is called again.
**
** Applications which run an inferior (child) process that
** inherits the same I/O streams might call this procedure
** before so that said process will have a console setup
** however users have configured it or come to expect.
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void SQLITE_CDECL consoleRestore( void );

#else /* defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_CLASSIFY) */
# define consoleClassifySetup(i,o,e)
# define consoleRenewSetup()
# define consoleRestore()
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_CLASSIFY) */

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_REDIRECT
/*
** Set stream to be used for the functions below which write
** to "the designated X stream", where X is Output or Error.
** Returns the previous value.
**
** Alternatively, pass the special value, invalidFileStream,
** to get the designated stream value without setting it.
**
** Before the designated streams are set, they default to
** those passed to consoleClassifySetup(...), and before
** that is called they default to stdout and stderr.
**
** It is error to close a stream so designated, then, without
** designating another, use the corresponding {o,e}Emit(...).
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE *invalidFileStream;
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE *setOutputStream(FILE *pf);
# ifdef CONSIO_SET_ERROR_STREAM
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE *setErrorStream(FILE *pf);
# endif
#else
# define setOutputStream(pf)
# define setErrorStream(pf)
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_REDIRECT) */

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
/*
** Emit output like fprintf(). If the output is going to the
** console and translation from UTF-8 is necessary, perform
** the needed translation. Otherwise, write formatted output
** to the provided stream almost as-is, possibly with newline
** translation as specified by set{Binary,Text}Mode().
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int fPrintfUtf8(FILE *pfO, const char *zFormat, ...);
/* Like fPrintfUtf8 except stream is always the designated output. */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int oPrintfUtf8(const char *zFormat, ...);
/* Like fPrintfUtf8 except stream is always the designated error. */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int ePrintfUtf8(const char *zFormat, ...);

/*
** Emit output like fputs(). If the output is going to the
** console and translation from UTF-8 is necessary, perform
** the needed translation. Otherwise, write given text to the
** provided stream almost as-is, possibly with newline
** translation as specified by set{Binary,Text}Mode().
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int fPutsUtf8(const char *z, FILE *pfO);
/* Like fPutsUtf8 except stream is always the designated output. */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int oPutsUtf8(const char *z);
/* Like fPutsUtf8 except stream is always the designated error. */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int ePutsUtf8(const char *z);

/*
** Emit output like fPutsUtf8(), except that the length of the
** accepted char or character sequence is limited by nAccept.
**
** Returns the number of accepted char values.
*/
#ifdef CONSIO_SPUTB
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
fPutbUtf8(FILE *pfOut, const char *cBuf, int nAccept);
#endif
/* Like fPutbUtf8 except stream is always the designated output. */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
oPutbUtf8(const char *cBuf, int nAccept);
/* Like fPutbUtf8 except stream is always the designated error. */
#ifdef CONSIO_EPUTB
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
ePutbUtf8(const char *cBuf, int nAccept);
#endif

/*
** Collect input like fgets(...) with special provisions for input
** from the console on platforms that require same. Defers to the
** C library fgets() when input is not from the console. Newline
** translation may be done as set by set{Binary,Text}Mode(). As a
** convenience, pfIn==NULL is treated as stdin.
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE char* fGetsUtf8(char *cBuf, int ncMax, FILE *pfIn);
/* Like fGetsUtf8 except stream is always the designated input. */
/* SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE char* iGetsUtf8(char *cBuf, int ncMax); */

#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE) */

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE
/*
** Set given stream for binary mode, where newline translation is
** not done, or for text mode where, for some platforms, newlines
** are translated to the platform's conventional char sequence.
** If bFlush true, flush the stream.
**
** An additional side-effect is that if the stream is one passed
** to consoleClassifySetup() as an output, it is flushed first.
**
** Note that binary/text mode has no effect on console I/O
** translation. On all platforms, newline to the console starts
** a new line and CR,LF chars from the console become a newline.
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void setBinaryMode(FILE *, short bFlush);
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void setTextMode(FILE *, short bFlush);
#endif

#ifdef SQLITE_CIO_PROMPTED_IN
typedef struct Prompts {
  int numPrompts;
  const char **azPrompts;
} Prompts;

/*
** Macros for use of a line editor.
**
** The following macros define operations involving use of a
** line-editing library or simple console interaction.
** A "T" argument is a text (char *) buffer or filename.
** A "N" argument is an integer.
**
** SHELL_ADD_HISTORY(T) // Record text as line(s) of history.
** SHELL_READ_HISTORY(T) // Read history from file named by T.
** SHELL_WRITE_HISTORY(T) // Write history to file named by T.
** SHELL_STIFLE_HISTORY(N) // Limit history to N entries.
**
** A console program which does interactive console input is
** expected to call:
** SHELL_READ_HISTORY(T) before collecting such input;
** SHELL_ADD_HISTORY(T) as record-worthy input is taken;
** SHELL_STIFLE_HISTORY(N) after console input ceases; then
** SHELL_WRITE_HISTORY(T) before the program exits.
*/

/*
** Retrieve a single line of input text from an input stream.
**
** If pfIn is the input stream passed to consoleClassifySetup(),
** and azPrompt is not NULL, then a prompt is issued before the
** line is collected, as selected by the isContinuation flag.
** Array azPrompt[{0,1}] holds the {main,continuation} prompt.
**
** If zBufPrior is not NULL then it is a buffer from a prior
** call to this routine that can be reused, or will be freed.
**
** The result is stored in space obtained from malloc() and
** must either be freed by the caller or else passed back to
** this function as zBufPrior for reuse.
**
** This function may call upon services of a line-editing
** library to interactively collect line edited input.
*/
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE char *
shellGetLine(FILE *pfIn, char *zBufPrior, int nLen,
             short isContinuation, Prompts azPrompt);
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_CIO_PROMPTED_IN) */
/*
** TBD: Define an interface for application(s) to generate
** completion candidates for use by the line-editor.
**
** This may be premature; the CLI is the only application
** that does this. Yet, getting line-editing melded into
** console I/O is desirable because a line-editing library
** may have to establish console operating mode, possibly
** in a way that interferes with the above functionality.
*/

#if !(defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_UTF8SCAN)&&defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE))
/* Skip over as much z[] input char sequence as is valid UTF-8,
** limited per nAccept char's or whole characters and containing
** no char cn such that ((1<<cn) & ccm)!=0. On return, the
** sequence z:return (inclusive:exclusive) is validated UTF-8.
** Limit: nAccept>=0 => char count, nAccept<0 => character
 */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE const char*
zSkipValidUtf8(const char *z, int nAccept, long ccm);

#endif

/************************* End ../ext/consio/console_io.h ********************/
/************************* Begin ../ext/consio/console_io.c ******************/
/*
** 2023 November 4
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
********************************************************************************
** This file implements various interfaces used for console and stream I/O
** by the SQLite project command-line tools, as explained in console_io.h .
** Functions prefixed by "SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE" behave as described there.
*/

#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
# define SQLITE_CDECL
#endif

#ifndef SHELL_NO_SYSINC
# include <stdarg.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <limits.h>
# include <assert.h>
# include "console_io.h"
/* # include "sqlite3.h" */
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
# if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
#  ifndef SHELL_NO_SYSINC
#   include <io.h>
#   include <fcntl.h>
#   undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#   define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#   include <windows.h>
#  endif
#  define CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE 1 /* Use WCHAR Windows APIs for console I/O */
# else
#  ifndef SHELL_NO_SYSINC
#   include <unistd.h>
#  endif
#  define CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE 0 /* Use plain C library stream I/O at console */
# endif
#else
# define CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE 0 /* Not exposing translation routines at all */
#endif

#if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
/* Character used to represent a known-incomplete UTF-8 char group (�) */
static WCHAR cBadGroup = 0xfffd;
#endif

#if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
static HANDLE handleOfFile(FILE *pf){
  int fileDesc = _fileno(pf);
  union { intptr_t osfh; HANDLE fh; } fid = {
    (fileDesc>=0)? _get_osfhandle(fileDesc) : (intptr_t)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
  };
  return fid.fh;
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
typedef struct PerStreamTags {
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  HANDLE hx;
  DWORD consMode;
  char acIncomplete[4];
# else
  short reachesConsole;
# endif
  FILE *pf;
} PerStreamTags;

/* Define NULL-like value for things which can validly be 0. */
# define SHELL_INVALID_FILE_PTR ((FILE *)~0)
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
#  define SHELL_INVALID_CONS_MODE 0xFFFF0000
# endif

# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
#  define PST_INITIALIZER { INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, SHELL_INVALID_CONS_MODE, \
      {0,0,0,0}, SHELL_INVALID_FILE_PTR }
# else
#  define PST_INITIALIZER { 0, SHELL_INVALID_FILE_PTR }
# endif

/* Quickly say whether a known output is going to the console. */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
static short pstReachesConsole(PerStreamTags *ppst){
  return (ppst->hx != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
}
# else
#  define pstReachesConsole(ppst) 0
# endif

# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
static void restoreConsoleArb(PerStreamTags *ppst){
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ) SetConsoleMode(ppst->hx, ppst->consMode);
}
# else
#  define restoreConsoleArb(ppst)
# endif

/* Say whether FILE* appears to be a console, collect associated info. */
static short streamOfConsole(FILE *pf, /* out */ PerStreamTags *ppst){
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  short rv = 0;
  DWORD dwCM = SHELL_INVALID_CONS_MODE;
  HANDLE fh = handleOfFile(pf);
  ppst->pf = pf;
  if( INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != fh ){
    rv = (GetFileType(fh) == FILE_TYPE_CHAR && GetConsoleMode(fh,&dwCM));
  }
  ppst->hx = (rv)? fh : INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
  ppst->consMode = dwCM;
  return rv;
# else
  ppst->pf = pf;
  ppst->reachesConsole = ( (short)isatty(fileno(pf)) );
  return ppst->reachesConsole;
# endif
}

# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
/* Define console modes for use with the Windows Console API. */
#  define SHELL_CONI_MODE \
  (ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT | ENABLE_INSERT_MODE | ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | 0x80 \
  | ENABLE_QUICK_EDIT_MODE | ENABLE_EXTENDED_FLAGS | ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT)
#  define SHELL_CONO_MODE (ENABLE_PROCESSED_OUTPUT | ENABLE_WRAP_AT_EOL_OUTPUT \
  | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)
# endif

typedef struct ConsoleInfo {
  PerStreamTags pstSetup[3];
  PerStreamTags pstDesignated[3];
  StreamsAreConsole sacSetup;
} ConsoleInfo;

static short isValidStreamInfo(PerStreamTags *ppst){
  return (ppst->pf != SHELL_INVALID_FILE_PTR);
}

static ConsoleInfo consoleInfo = {
  { /* pstSetup */ PST_INITIALIZER, PST_INITIALIZER, PST_INITIALIZER },
  { /* pstDesignated[] */ PST_INITIALIZER, PST_INITIALIZER, PST_INITIALIZER },
  SAC_NoConsole /* sacSetup */
};

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE* invalidFileStream = (FILE *)~0;

# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
static void maybeSetupAsConsole(PerStreamTags *ppst, short odir){
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    DWORD cm = odir? SHELL_CONO_MODE : SHELL_CONI_MODE;
    SetConsoleMode(ppst->hx, cm);
  }
}
# else
#  define maybeSetupAsConsole(ppst,odir)
# endif

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void consoleRenewSetup(void){
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  int ix = 0;
  while( ix < 6 ){
    PerStreamTags *ppst = (ix<3)?
      &consoleInfo.pstSetup[ix] : &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[ix-3];
    maybeSetupAsConsole(ppst, (ix % 3)>0);
    ++ix;
  }
# endif
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE StreamsAreConsole
consoleClassifySetup( FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, FILE *pfErr ){
  StreamsAreConsole rv = SAC_NoConsole;
  FILE* apf[3] = { pfIn, pfOut, pfErr };
  int ix;
  for( ix = 2; ix >= 0; --ix ){
    PerStreamTags *ppst = &consoleInfo.pstSetup[ix];
    if( streamOfConsole(apf[ix], ppst) ){
      rv |= (SAC_InConsole<<ix);
    }
    consoleInfo.pstDesignated[ix] = *ppst;
    if( ix > 0 ) fflush(apf[ix]);
  }
  consoleInfo.sacSetup = rv;
  consoleRenewSetup();
  return rv;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void SQLITE_CDECL consoleRestore( void ){
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  static ConsoleInfo *pci = &consoleInfo;
  if( pci->sacSetup ){
    int ix;
    for( ix=0; ix<3; ++ix ){
      if( pci->sacSetup & (SAC_InConsole<<ix) ){
        PerStreamTags *ppst = &pci->pstSetup[ix];
        SetConsoleMode(ppst->hx, ppst->consMode);
      }
    }
  }
# endif
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE) */

#ifdef SQLITE_CIO_INPUT_REDIR
/* Say whether given FILE* is among those known, via either
** consoleClassifySetup() or set{Output,Error}Stream, as
** readable, and return an associated PerStreamTags pointer
** if so. Otherwise, return 0.
*/
static PerStreamTags * isKnownReadable(FILE *pf){
  static PerStreamTags *apst[] = {
    &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[0], &consoleInfo.pstSetup[0], 0
  };
  int ix = 0;
  do {
    if( apst[ix]->pf == pf ) break;
  } while( apst[++ix] != 0 );
  return apst[ix];
}
#endif

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
/* Say whether given FILE* is among those known, via either
** consoleClassifySetup() or set{Output,Error}Stream, as
** writable, and return an associated PerStreamTags pointer
** if so. Otherwise, return 0.
*/
static PerStreamTags * isKnownWritable(FILE *pf){
  static PerStreamTags *apst[] = {
    &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[1], &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[2],
    &consoleInfo.pstSetup[1], &consoleInfo.pstSetup[2], 0
  };
  int ix = 0;
  do {
    if( apst[ix]->pf == pf ) break;
  } while( apst[++ix] != 0 );
  return apst[ix];
}

static FILE *designateEmitStream(FILE *pf, unsigned chix){
  FILE *rv = consoleInfo.pstDesignated[chix].pf;
  if( pf == invalidFileStream ) return rv;
  else{
    /* Setting a possibly new output stream. */
    PerStreamTags *ppst = isKnownWritable(pf);
    if( ppst != 0 ){
      PerStreamTags pst = *ppst;
      consoleInfo.pstDesignated[chix] = pst;
    }else streamOfConsole(pf, &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[chix]);
  }
  return rv;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE *setOutputStream(FILE *pf){
  return designateEmitStream(pf, 1);
}
# ifdef CONSIO_SET_ERROR_STREAM
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE FILE *setErrorStream(FILE *pf){
  return designateEmitStream(pf, 2);
}
# endif
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE) */

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
static void setModeFlushQ(FILE *pf, short bFlush, int mode){
  if( bFlush ) fflush(pf);
  _setmode(_fileno(pf), mode);
}
# else
#  define setModeFlushQ(f, b, m) if(b) fflush(f)
# endif

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void setBinaryMode(FILE *pf, short bFlush){
  setModeFlushQ(pf, bFlush, _O_BINARY);
}
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE void setTextMode(FILE *pf, short bFlush){
  setModeFlushQ(pf, bFlush, _O_TEXT);
}
# undef setModeFlushQ

#else /* defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE) */
# define setBinaryMode(f, bFlush) do{ if((bFlush)) fflush(f); }while(0)
# define setTextMode(f, bFlush) do{ if((bFlush)) fflush(f); }while(0)
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE) */

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
/* Write buffer cBuf as output to stream known to reach console,
** limited to ncTake char's. Return ncTake on success, else 0. */
static int conZstrEmit(PerStreamTags *ppst, const char *z, int ncTake){
  int rv = 0;
  if( z!=NULL ){
    int nwc = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8,0, z,ncTake, 0,0);
    if( nwc > 0 ){
      WCHAR *zw = sqlite3_malloc64(nwc*sizeof(WCHAR));
      if( zw!=NULL ){
        nwc = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8,0, z,ncTake, zw,nwc);
        if( nwc > 0 ){
          /* Translation from UTF-8 to UTF-16, then WCHARs out. */
          if( WriteConsoleW(ppst->hx, zw,nwc, 0, NULL) ){
            rv = ncTake;
          }
        }
        sqlite3_free(zw);
      }
    }
  }
  return rv;
}

/* For {f,o,e}PrintfUtf8() when stream is known to reach console. */
static int conioVmPrintf(PerStreamTags *ppst, const char *zFormat, va_list ap){
  char *z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
  if( z ){
    int rv = conZstrEmit(ppst, z, (int)strlen(z));
    sqlite3_free(z);
    return rv;
  }else return 0;
}
# endif /* CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE */

# ifdef CONSIO_GET_EMIT_STREAM
static PerStreamTags * getDesignatedEmitStream(FILE *pf, unsigned chix,
                                               PerStreamTags *ppst){
  PerStreamTags *rv = isKnownWritable(pf);
  short isValid = (rv!=0)? isValidStreamInfo(rv) : 0;
  if( rv != 0 && isValid ) return rv;
  streamOfConsole(pf, ppst);
  return ppst;
}
# endif

/* Get stream info, either for designated output or error stream when
** chix equals 1 or 2, or for an arbitrary stream when chix == 0.
** In either case, ppst references a caller-owned PerStreamTags
** struct which may be filled in if none of the known writable
** streams is being held by consoleInfo. The ppf parameter is a
** byref output when chix!=0 and a byref input when chix==0.
 */
static PerStreamTags *
getEmitStreamInfo(unsigned chix, PerStreamTags *ppst,
                  /* in/out */ FILE **ppf){
  PerStreamTags *ppstTry;
  FILE *pfEmit;
  if( chix > 0 ){
    ppstTry = &consoleInfo.pstDesignated[chix];
    if( !isValidStreamInfo(ppstTry) ){
      ppstTry = &consoleInfo.pstSetup[chix];
      pfEmit = ppst->pf;
    }else pfEmit = ppstTry->pf;
    if( !isValidStreamInfo(ppstTry) ){
      pfEmit = (chix > 1)? stderr : stdout;
      ppstTry = ppst;
      streamOfConsole(pfEmit, ppstTry);
    }
    *ppf = pfEmit;
  }else{
    ppstTry = isKnownWritable(*ppf);
    if( ppstTry != 0 ) return ppstTry;
    streamOfConsole(*ppf, ppst);
    return ppst;
  }
  return ppstTry;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int oPrintfUtf8(const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  int rv;
  FILE *pfOut;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# endif
  assert(zFormat!=0);
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    rv = conioVmPrintf(ppst, zFormat, ap);
  }else{
# endif
    rv = vfprintf(pfOut, zFormat, ap);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
  va_end(ap);
  return rv;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int ePrintfUtf8(const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  int rv;
  FILE *pfErr;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(2, &pst, &pfErr);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(2, &pst, &pfErr);
# endif
  assert(zFormat!=0);
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    rv = conioVmPrintf(ppst, zFormat, ap);
  }else{
# endif
    rv = vfprintf(pfErr, zFormat, ap);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
  va_end(ap);
  return rv;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int fPrintfUtf8(FILE *pfO, const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  int rv;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(0, &pst, &pfO);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(0, &pst, &pfO);
# endif
  assert(zFormat!=0);
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    maybeSetupAsConsole(ppst, 1);
    rv = conioVmPrintf(ppst, zFormat, ap);
    if( 0 == isKnownWritable(ppst->pf) ) restoreConsoleArb(ppst);
  }else{
# endif
    rv = vfprintf(pfO, zFormat, ap);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
  va_end(ap);
  return rv;
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int fPutsUtf8(const char *z, FILE *pfO){
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(0, &pst, &pfO);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(0, &pst, &pfO);
# endif
  assert(z!=0);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    int rv;
    maybeSetupAsConsole(ppst, 1);
    rv = conZstrEmit(ppst, z, (int)strlen(z));
    if( 0 == isKnownWritable(ppst->pf) ) restoreConsoleArb(ppst);
    return rv;
  }else {
# endif
    return (fputs(z, pfO)<0)? 0 : (int)strlen(z);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int ePutsUtf8(const char *z){
  FILE *pfErr;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(2, &pst, &pfErr);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(2, &pst, &pfErr);
# endif
  assert(z!=0);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ) return conZstrEmit(ppst, z, (int)strlen(z));
  else {
# endif
    return (fputs(z, pfErr)<0)? 0 : (int)strlen(z);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int oPutsUtf8(const char *z){
  FILE *pfOut;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# endif
  assert(z!=0);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ) return conZstrEmit(ppst, z, (int)strlen(z));
  else {
# endif
    return (fputs(z, pfOut)<0)? 0 : (int)strlen(z);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}

#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE) */

#if !(defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_UTF8SCAN) && defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE))
/* Skip over as much z[] input char sequence as is valid UTF-8,
** limited per nAccept char's or whole characters and containing
** no char cn such that ((1<<cn) & ccm)!=0. On return, the
** sequence z:return (inclusive:exclusive) is validated UTF-8.
** Limit: nAccept>=0 => char count, nAccept<0 => character
 */
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE const char*
zSkipValidUtf8(const char *z, int nAccept, long ccm){
  int ng = (nAccept<0)? -nAccept : 0;
  const char *pcLimit = (nAccept>=0)? z+nAccept : 0;
  assert(z!=0);
  while( (pcLimit)? (z<pcLimit) : (ng-- != 0) ){
    char c = *z;
    if( (c & 0x80) == 0 ){
      if( ccm != 0L && c < 0x20 && ((1L<<c) & ccm) != 0 ) return z;
      ++z; /* ASCII */
    }else if( (c & 0xC0) != 0xC0 ) return z; /* not a lead byte */
    else{
      const char *zt = z+1; /* Got lead byte, look at trail bytes.*/
      do{
        if( pcLimit && zt >= pcLimit ) return z;
        else{
          char ct = *zt++;
          if( ct==0 || (zt-z)>4 || (ct & 0xC0)!=0x80 ){
            /* Trailing bytes are too few, too many, or invalid. */
            return z;
          }
        }
      } while( ((c <<= 1) & 0x40) == 0x40 ); /* Eat lead byte's count. */
      z = zt;
    }
  }
  return z;
}
#endif /*!(defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_UTF8SCAN)&&defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE))*/

#ifndef SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE

#ifdef CONSIO_SPUTB
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
fPutbUtf8(FILE *pfO, const char *cBuf, int nAccept){
  assert(pfO!=0);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(0, &pst, &pfO);
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    int rv;
    maybeSetupAsConsole(ppst, 1);
    rv = conZstrEmit(ppst, cBuf, nAccept);
    if( 0 == isKnownWritable(ppst->pf) ) restoreConsoleArb(ppst);
    return rv;
  }else {
# endif
    return (int)fwrite(cBuf, 1, nAccept, pfO);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}
#endif /* defined(CONSIO_SPUTB) */

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
oPutbUtf8(const char *cBuf, int nAccept){
  FILE *pfOut;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# else
  getEmitStreamInfo(1, &pst, &pfOut);
# endif
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    return conZstrEmit(ppst, cBuf, nAccept);
  }else {
# endif
    return (int)fwrite(cBuf, 1, nAccept, pfOut);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}

# ifdef CONSIO_EPUTB
SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE int
ePutbUtf8(const char *cBuf, int nAccept){
  FILE *pfErr;
  PerStreamTags pst = PST_INITIALIZER; /* for unknown streams */
  PerStreamTags *ppst = getEmitStreamInfo(2, &pst, &pfErr);
#  if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pstReachesConsole(ppst) ){
    return conZstrEmit(ppst, cBuf, nAccept);
  }else {
#  endif
    return (int)fwrite(cBuf, 1, nAccept, pfErr);
#  if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
#  endif
}
# endif /* defined(CONSIO_EPUTB) */

SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE char* fGetsUtf8(char *cBuf, int ncMax, FILE *pfIn){
  if( pfIn==0 ) pfIn = stdin;
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  if( pfIn == consoleInfo.pstSetup[0].pf
      && (consoleInfo.sacSetup & SAC_InConsole)!=0 ){
#  if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE==1
#   define SHELL_GULP 150 /* Count of WCHARS to be gulped at a time */
    WCHAR wcBuf[SHELL_GULP+1];
    int lend = 0, noc = 0;
    if( ncMax > 0 ) cBuf[0] = 0;
    while( noc < ncMax-8-1 && !lend ){
      /* There is room for at least 2 more characters and a 0-terminator. */
      int na = (ncMax > SHELL_GULP*4+1 + noc)? SHELL_GULP : (ncMax-1 - noc)/4;
#   undef SHELL_GULP
      DWORD nbr = 0;
      BOOL bRC = ReadConsoleW(consoleInfo.pstSetup[0].hx, wcBuf, na, &nbr, 0);
      if( bRC && nbr>0 && (wcBuf[nbr-1]&0xF800)==0xD800 ){
        /* Last WHAR read is first of a UTF-16 surrogate pair. Grab its mate. */
        DWORD nbrx;
        bRC &= ReadConsoleW(consoleInfo.pstSetup[0].hx, wcBuf+nbr, 1, &nbrx, 0);
        if( bRC ) nbr += nbrx;
      }
      if( !bRC || (noc==0 && nbr==0) ) return 0;
      if( nbr > 0 ){
        int nmb = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcBuf,nbr,0,0,0,0);
        if( nmb != 0 && noc+nmb <= ncMax ){
          int iseg = noc;
          nmb = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcBuf,nbr,cBuf+noc,nmb,0,0);
          noc += nmb;
          /* Fixup line-ends as coded by Windows for CR (or "Enter".)
          ** This is done without regard for any setMode{Text,Binary}()
          ** call that might have been done on the interactive input.
          */
          if( noc > 0 ){
            if( cBuf[noc-1]=='\n' ){
              lend = 1;
              if( noc > 1 && cBuf[noc-2]=='\r' ) cBuf[--noc-1] = '\n';
            }
          }
          /* Check for ^Z (anywhere in line) too, to act as EOF. */
          while( iseg < noc ){
            if( cBuf[iseg]=='\x1a' ){
              noc = iseg; /* Chop ^Z and anything following. */
              lend = 1; /* Counts as end of line too. */
              break;
            }
            ++iseg;
          }
        }else break; /* Drop apparent garbage in. (Could assert.) */
      }else break;
    }
    /* If got nothing, (after ^Z chop), must be at end-of-file. */
    if( noc > 0 ){
      cBuf[noc] = 0;
      return cBuf;
    }else return 0;
#  endif
  }else{
# endif
    return fgets(cBuf, ncMax, pfIn);
# if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
  }
# endif
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE) */

#undef SHELL_INVALID_FILE_PTR

/************************* End ../ext/consio/console_io.c ********************/

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
/* From here onward, fgets() is redirected to the console_io library. */
# define fgets(b,n,f) fGetsUtf8(b,n,f)
/*
 * Define macros for emitting output text in various ways:
 *  sputz(s, z)      => emit 0-terminated string z to given stream s
 *  sputf(s, f, ...) => emit varargs per format f to given stream s
 *  oputz(z)         => emit 0-terminated string z to default stream
 *  oputf(f, ...)    => emit varargs per format f to default stream
 *  eputz(z)         => emit 0-terminated string z to error stream
 *  eputf(f, ...)    => emit varargs per format f to error stream
 *  oputb(b, n)      => emit char buffer b[0..n-1] to default stream
 *
 * Note that the default stream is whatever has been last set via:
 *   setOutputStream(FILE *pf)
 * This is normally the stream that CLI normal output goes to.
 * For the stand-alone CLI, it is stdout with no .output redirect.
 */
# define sputz(s,z) fPutsUtf8(z,s)
# define sputf fPrintfUtf8
# define oputz(z) oPutsUtf8(z)
# define oputf oPrintfUtf8
# define eputz(z) ePutsUtf8(z)
# define eputf ePrintfUtf8
# define oputb(buf,na) oPutbUtf8(buf,na)
#else
/* For Fiddle, all console handling and emit redirection is omitted. */
# define setBinaryMode(X,Y)
# define setTextMode(X,Y)
# define sputz(fp,z) fputs(z,fp)
# define sputf(fp,fmt, ...) fprintf(fp,fmt,__VA_ARGS__)
# define oputz(z) fputs(z,stdout)
# define oputf(fmt, ...) printf(fmt,__VA_ARGS__)
# define eputz(z) fputs(z,stderr)
# define eputf(fmt, ...) fprintf(stderr,fmt,__VA_ARGS__)
# define oputb(buf,na) fwrite(buf,1,na,stdout)
#endif

/* True if the timer is enabled */
static int enableTimer = 0;

/* A version of strcmp() that works with NULL values */
static int cli_strcmp(const char *a, const char *b){

** Print the timing results.
*/
static void endTimer(void){
  if( enableTimer ){
    sqlite3_int64 iEnd = timeOfDay();
    struct rusage sEnd;
    getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &sEnd);
    printf("Run Time: real %.3f user %f sys %f\n",
       (iEnd - iBegin)*0.001,
       timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_utime, &sEnd.ru_utime),
       timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_stime, &sEnd.ru_stime));
    oputf("Run Time: real %.3f user %f sys %f\n",
          (iEnd - iBegin)*0.001,
          timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_utime, &sEnd.ru_utime),
          timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_stime, &sEnd.ru_stime));
  }
}

#define BEGIN_TIMER beginTimer()
#define END_TIMER endTimer()
#define HAS_TIMER 1

** Print the timing results.
*/
static void endTimer(void){
  if( enableTimer && getProcessTimesAddr){
    FILETIME ftCreation, ftExit, ftKernelEnd, ftUserEnd;
    sqlite3_int64 ftWallEnd = timeOfDay();
    getProcessTimesAddr(hProcess,&ftCreation,&ftExit,&ftKernelEnd,&ftUserEnd);
    printf("Run Time: real %.3f user %f sys %f\n",
       (ftWallEnd - ftWallBegin)*0.001,
       timeDiff(&ftUserBegin, &ftUserEnd),
       timeDiff(&ftKernelBegin, &ftKernelEnd));
    oputf("Run Time: real %.3f user %f sys %f\n",
          (ftWallEnd - ftWallBegin)*0.001,
          timeDiff(&ftUserBegin, &ftUserEnd),
          timeDiff(&ftKernelBegin, &ftKernelEnd));
  }
}

#define BEGIN_TIMER beginTimer()
#define END_TIMER endTimer()
#define HAS_TIMER hasTimer()

/*
** Treat stdin as an interactive input if the following variable
** is true.  Otherwise, assume stdin is connected to a file or pipe.
*/
static int stdin_is_interactive = 1;

/*
** If build is for non-RT Windows, without 3rd-party line editing,
** console input and output may be done in a UTF-8 compatible way,
** if the OS is capable of it and the --no-utf8 option is not seen.
*/
#if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && SHELL_USE_LOCAL_GETLINE \
  && !defined(SHELL_OMIT_WIN_UTF8) && !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
# define SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT 1
/* Record whether to do UTF-8 console I/O translation per stream. */
  static int console_utf8_in = 0;
  static int console_utf8_out = 0;
/* Record whether can do UTF-8 or --no-utf8 seen in invocation. */
  static int mbcs_opted = 1; /* Assume cannot do until shown otherwise. */
#else
# define console_utf8_in 0
# define console_utf8_out 0
# define SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT 0
#endif

/*
** On Windows systems we have to know if standard output is a console
** in order to translate UTF-8 into MBCS.  The following variable is
** true if translation is required.
** On Windows systems we need to know if standard output is a console
** in order to show that UTF-16 translation is done in the sign-on
** banner. The following variable is true if it is the console.
*/
static int stdout_is_console = 1;

/*
** The following is the open SQLite database.  We make a pointer
** to this database a static variable so that it can be accessed
** by the SIGINT handler to interrupt database processing.

        shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, "(..", 4);
      }else if( dynPrompt.inParenLevel<0 ){
        shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, ")x!", 4);
      }else{
        shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, "(x.", 4);
        dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt[2] = (char)('0'+dynPrompt.inParenLevel);
      }
      shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt+3, continuePrompt+3, PROMPT_LEN_MAX-4);
      shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt+3, continuePrompt+3,
                    PROMPT_LEN_MAX-4);
    }
  }
  return dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt;
}
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DYNAPROMPT) */

#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
/* Following struct is used for UTF-8 console I/O. */
static struct ConsoleState {
  int stdinEof;      /* EOF has been seen on console input */
  int infsMode;      /* Input file stream mode upon shell start */
  UINT inCodePage;   /* Input code page upon shell start */
  UINT outCodePage;  /* Output code page upon shell start */
  HANDLE hConsole;   /* Console input or output handle */
  DWORD consoleMode; /* Console mode upon shell start */
} conState = { 0, 0, 0, 0, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, 0 };

#ifndef _O_U16TEXT /* For build environments lacking this constant: */
# define _O_U16TEXT 0x20000
#endif

/*
** If given stream number is a console, return 1 and get some attributes,
** else return 0 and set the output attributes to invalid values.
*/
static short console_attrs(unsigned stnum, HANDLE *pH, DWORD *pConsMode){
  static int stid[3] = { STD_INPUT_HANDLE,STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE,STD_ERROR_HANDLE };
  HANDLE h;
  *pH = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
  *pConsMode = 0;
  if( stnum > 2 ) return 0;
  h = GetStdHandle(stid[stnum]);
  if( h!=*pH && GetFileType(h)==FILE_TYPE_CHAR && GetConsoleMode(h,pConsMode) ){
    *pH = h;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** Perform a runtime test of Windows console to determine if it can
** do char-stream I/O correctly when the code page is set to CP_UTF8.
** Returns are: 1 => yes it can, 0 => no it cannot
**
** The console's output code page is momentarily set, then restored.
** So this should only be run when the process is given use of the
** console for either input or output.
*/
static short ConsoleDoesUTF8(void){
  UINT ocp = GetConsoleOutputCP();
  const char TrialUtf8[] = { '\xC8', '\xAB' }; /* "ȫ" or 2 MBCS characters */
  WCHAR aReadBack[1] = { 0 }; /* Read back as 0x022B when decoded as UTF-8. */
  CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbInfo = {0};
  /* Create an inactive screen buffer with which to do the experiment. */
  HANDLE hCSB = CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE, 0, 0,
                                          CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER, NULL);
  if( hCSB!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
    COORD cpos = {0,0};
    DWORD rbc;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(hCSB, cpos);
    SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
    /* Write 2 chars which are a single character in UTF-8 but more in MBCS. */
    WriteConsoleA(hCSB, TrialUtf8, sizeof(TrialUtf8), NULL, NULL);
    ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(hCSB, &aReadBack[0], 1, cpos, &rbc);
    GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hCSB, &csbInfo);
    SetConsoleOutputCP(ocp);
    CloseHandle(hCSB);
  }
  /* Return 1 if cursor advanced by 1 position, else 0. */
  return (short)(csbInfo.dwCursorPosition.X == 1 && aReadBack[0] == 0x022B);
}

static short in_console = 0;
static short out_console = 0;

/*
** Determine whether either normal I/O stream is the console,
** and whether it can do UTF-8 translation, setting globals
** in_console, out_console and mbcs_opted accordingly.
*/
static void probe_console(void){
  HANDLE h;
  DWORD cMode;
  in_console = console_attrs(0, &h, &cMode);
  out_console = console_attrs(1, &h, &cMode);
  if( in_console || out_console ) mbcs_opted = !ConsoleDoesUTF8();
}

/*
** If console is used for normal I/O, absent a --no-utf8 option,
** prepare console for UTF-8 input (from either typing or suitable
** paste operations) and/or for UTF-8 output rendering.
**
** The console state upon entry is preserved, in conState, so that
** console_restore() can later restore the same console state.
**
** The globals console_utf8_in and console_utf8_out are set, for
** later use in selecting UTF-8 or MBCS console I/O translations.
** This routine depends upon globals set by probe_console().
*/
static void console_prepare_utf8(void){
  struct ConsoleState csWork = { 0, 0, 0, 0, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, 0 };

  console_utf8_in = console_utf8_out = 0;
  if( (!in_console && !out_console) || mbcs_opted ) return;
  console_attrs((in_console)? 0 : 1, &conState.hConsole, &conState.consoleMode);
  conState.inCodePage = GetConsoleCP();
  conState.outCodePage = GetConsoleOutputCP();
  if( in_console ){
    SetConsoleCP(CP_UTF8);
    DWORD newConsoleMode = conState.consoleMode
      | ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;
    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsole, newConsoleMode);
    conState.infsMode = _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_U16TEXT);
    console_utf8_in = 1;
  }
  if( out_console ){
    SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
    console_utf8_out = 1;
  }
}

/*
** Undo the effects of console_prepare_utf8(), if any.
*/
static void SQLITE_CDECL console_restore(void){
  if( (console_utf8_in||console_utf8_out)
      && conState.hConsole!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
    if( console_utf8_in ){
      SetConsoleCP(conState.inCodePage);
      _setmode(_fileno(stdin), conState.infsMode);
    }
    if( console_utf8_out ) SetConsoleOutputCP(conState.outCodePage);
    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsole, conState.consoleMode);
    /* Avoid multiple calls. */
    conState.hConsole = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    conState.consoleMode = 0;
    console_utf8_in = 0;
    console_utf8_out = 0;
  }
}

/*
** Collect input like fgets(...) with special provisions for input
** from the Windows console to get around its strange coding issues.
** Defers to plain fgets() when input is not interactive or when the
** UTF-8 input is unavailable or opted out.
*/
static char* utf8_fgets(char *buf, int ncmax, FILE *fin){
  if( fin==0 ) fin = stdin;
  if( fin==stdin && stdin_is_interactive && console_utf8_in ){
# define SQLITE_IALIM 150
    wchar_t wbuf[SQLITE_IALIM];
    int lend = 0;
    int noc = 0;
    if( ncmax==0 || conState.stdinEof ) return 0;
    buf[0] = 0;
    while( noc<ncmax-7-1 && !lend ){
      /* There is room for at least 2 more characters and a 0-terminator. */
      int na = (ncmax > SQLITE_IALIM*4+1 + noc)
        ? SQLITE_IALIM : (ncmax-1 - noc)/4;
# undef SQLITE_IALIM
      DWORD nbr = 0;
      BOOL bRC = ReadConsoleW(conState.hConsole, wbuf, na, &nbr, 0);
      if( !bRC || (noc==0 && nbr==0) ) return 0;
      if( nbr > 0 ){
        int nmb = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8,WC_COMPOSITECHECK|WC_DEFAULTCHAR,
                                      wbuf,nbr,0,0,0,0);
        if( nmb !=0 && noc+nmb <= ncmax ){
          int iseg = noc;
          nmb = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8,WC_COMPOSITECHECK|WC_DEFAULTCHAR,
                                    wbuf,nbr,buf+noc,nmb,0,0);
          noc += nmb;
          /* Fixup line-ends as coded by Windows for CR (or "Enter".)*/
          if( noc > 0 ){
            if( buf[noc-1]=='\n' ){
              lend = 1;
              if( noc > 1 && buf[noc-2]=='\r' ){
                buf[noc-2] = '\n';
                --noc;
              }
            }
          }
          /* Check for ^Z (anywhere in line) too. */
          while( iseg < noc ){
            if( buf[iseg]==0x1a ){
              conState.stdinEof = 1;
              noc = iseg; /* Chop ^Z and anything following. */
              break;
            }
            ++iseg;
          }
        }else break; /* Drop apparent garbage in. (Could assert.) */
      }else break;
    }
    /* If got nothing, (after ^Z chop), must be at end-of-file. */
    if( noc == 0 ) return 0;
    buf[noc] = 0;
    return buf;
  }else{
    return fgets(buf, ncmax, fin);
  }
}

# define fgets(b,n,f) utf8_fgets(b,n,f)
#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */

/*
** Render output like fprintf().  Except, if the output is going to the
** console and if this is running on a Windows machine, and if UTF-8
** output unavailable (or available but opted out), translate the
** output from UTF-8 into MBCS for output through 8-bit stdout stream.
** (Without -no-utf8, no translation is needed and must not be done.)
*/
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
void utf8_printf(FILE *out, const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  if( stdout_is_console && (out==stdout || out==stderr) && !console_utf8_out ){
    char *z1 = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
    char *z2 = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_mbcs_v2(z1, 0);
    sqlite3_free(z1);
    fputs(z2, out);
    sqlite3_free(z2);
  }else{
    vfprintf(out, zFormat, ap);
  }
  va_end(ap);
}
#elif !defined(utf8_printf)
# define utf8_printf fprintf
#endif

/*
** Render output like fprintf().  This should not be used on anything that
** includes string formatting (e.g. "%s").
*/
#if !defined(raw_printf)
# define raw_printf fprintf
#endif

/* Indicate out-of-memory and exit. */
static void shell_out_of_memory(void){
  raw_printf(stderr,"Error: out of memory\n");
  eputz("Error: out of memory\n");
  exit(1);
}

/* Check a pointer to see if it is NULL.  If it is NULL, exit with an
** out-of-memory error.
*/
static void shell_check_oom(const void *p){

static void SQLITE_CDECL iotracePrintf(const char *zFormat, ...){
  va_list ap;
  char *z;
  if( iotrace==0 ) return;
  va_start(ap, zFormat);
  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  utf8_printf(iotrace, "%s", z);
  sputf(iotrace, "%s", z);
  sqlite3_free(z);
}
#endif

/*
** Output string zUtf to stream pOut as w characters.  If w is negative,
** Output string zUtf to Out stream as w characters.  If w is negative,
** then right-justify the text.  W is the width in UTF-8 characters, not
** in bytes.  This is different from the %*.*s specification in printf
** since with %*.*s the width is measured in bytes, not characters.
*/
static void utf8_width_print(FILE *pOut, int w, const char *zUtf){
static void utf8_width_print(int w, const char *zUtf){
  int i;
  int n;
  int aw = w<0 ? -w : w;
  if( zUtf==0 ) zUtf = "";
  for(i=n=0; zUtf[i]; i++){
    if( (zUtf[i]&0xc0)!=0x80 ){
      n++;
      if( n==aw ){
        do{ i++; }while( (zUtf[i]&0xc0)==0x80 );
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  if( n>=aw ){
    utf8_printf(pOut, "%.*s", i, zUtf);
    oputf("%.*s", i, zUtf);
  }else if( w<0 ){
    utf8_printf(pOut, "%*s%s", aw-n, "", zUtf);
    oputf("%*s%s", aw-n, "", zUtf);
  }else{
    utf8_printf(pOut, "%s%*s", zUtf, aw-n, "");
    oputf("%s%*s", zUtf, aw-n, "");
  }
}


/*
** Determines if a string is a number of not.
*/

/*
** Return open FILE * if zFile exists, can be opened for read
** and is an ordinary file or a character stream source.
** Otherwise return 0.
*/
static FILE * openChrSource(const char *zFile){
#ifdef _WIN32
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
  struct _stat x = {0};
# define STAT_CHR_SRC(mode) ((mode & (_S_IFCHR|_S_IFIFO|_S_IFREG))!=0)
  /* On Windows, open first, then check the stream nature. This order
  ** is necessary because _stat() and sibs, when checking a named pipe,
  ** effectively break the pipe as its supplier sees it. */
  FILE *rv = fopen(zFile, "rb");
  if( rv==0 ) return 0;

    if( n>0 && zLine[n-1]=='\n' ){
      n--;
      if( n>0 && zLine[n-1]=='\r' ) n--;
      zLine[n] = 0;
      break;
    }
  }
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
  /* For interactive input on Windows systems, with -no-utf8,
  ** translate the multi-byte characterset characters into UTF-8.
  ** This is the translation that predates console UTF-8 input. */
  if( stdin_is_interactive && in==stdin && !console_utf8_in ){
    char *zTrans = sqlite3_win32_mbcs_to_utf8_v2(zLine, 0);
    if( zTrans ){
      i64 nTrans = strlen(zTrans)+1;
      if( nTrans>nLine ){
        zLine = realloc(zLine, nTrans);
        shell_check_oom(zLine);
      }
      memcpy(zLine, zTrans, nTrans);
      sqlite3_free(zTrans);
    }
  }
#endif /* defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32) */
  return zLine;
}

/*
** Retrieve a single line of input text.
**
** If in==0 then read from standard input and prompt before each line.

  char *zPrompt;
  char *zResult;
  if( in!=0 ){
    zResult = local_getline(zPrior, in);
  }else{
    zPrompt = isContinuation ? CONTINUATION_PROMPT : mainPrompt;
#if SHELL_USE_LOCAL_GETLINE
    printf("%s", zPrompt);
    sputz(stdout, zPrompt);
    fflush(stdout);
    do{
      zResult = local_getline(zPrior, stdin);
      zPrior = 0;
      /* ^C trap creates a false EOF, so let "interrupt" thread catch up. */
      if( zResult==0 ) sqlite3_sleep(50);
    }while( zResult==0 && seenInterrupt>0 );

  sqlite3_value **apVal
){
  double r = sqlite3_value_double(apVal[0]);
  int n = nVal>=2 ? sqlite3_value_int(apVal[1]) : 26;
  char z[400];
  if( n<1 ) n = 1;
  if( n>350 ) n = 350;
  snprintf(z, sizeof(z)-1, "%#+.*e", n, r);
  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z), z, "%#+.*e", n, r);
  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}


/*
** SQL function:  shell_module_schema(X)
**

/*
** A callback for the sqlite3_log() interface.
*/
static void shellLog(void *pArg, int iErrCode, const char *zMsg){
  ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
  if( p->pLog==0 ) return;
  utf8_printf(p->pLog, "(%d) %s\n", iErrCode, zMsg);
  sputf(p->pLog, "(%d) %s\n", iErrCode, zMsg);
  fflush(p->pLog);
}

/*
** SQL function:  shell_putsnl(X)
**
** Write the text X to the screen (or whatever output is being directed)
** adding a newline at the end, and then return X.
*/
static void shellPutsFunc(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
  int nVal,
  sqlite3_value **apVal
){
  ShellState *p = (ShellState*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
  /* Unused: (ShellState*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx); */
  (void)nVal;
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]));
  oputf("%s\n", sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]));
  sqlite3_result_value(pCtx, apVal[0]);
}

/*
** If in safe mode, print an error message described by the arguments
** and exit immediately.
*/
static void failIfSafeMode(
  ShellState *p,
  const char *zErrMsg,
  ...
){
  if( p->bSafeMode ){
    va_list ap;
    char *zMsg;
    va_start(ap, zErrMsg);
    zMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zErrMsg, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    raw_printf(stderr, "line %d: ", p->lineno);
    eputf("line %d: %s\n", p->lineno, zMsg);
    utf8_printf(stderr, "%s\n", zMsg);
    exit(1);
  }
}

/*
** SQL function:   edit(VALUE)
**                 edit(VALUE,EDITOR)

  memcpy(p->colSeparator, p->colSepPrior, sizeof(p->colSeparator));
  memcpy(p->rowSeparator, p->rowSepPrior, sizeof(p->rowSeparator));
}

/*
** Output the given string as a hex-encoded blob (eg. X'1234' )
*/
static void output_hex_blob(FILE *out, const void *pBlob, int nBlob){
static void output_hex_blob(const void *pBlob, int nBlob){
  int i;
  unsigned char *aBlob = (unsigned char*)pBlob;

  char *zStr = sqlite3_malloc(nBlob*2 + 1);
  shell_check_oom(zStr);

  for(i=0; i<nBlob; i++){
    static const char aHex[] = {
        '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
        '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
    };
    zStr[i*2] = aHex[ (aBlob[i] >> 4) ];
    zStr[i*2+1] = aHex[ (aBlob[i] & 0x0F) ];
  }
  zStr[i*2] = '\0';

  raw_printf(out,"X'%s'", zStr);
  oputf("X'%s'", zStr);
  sqlite3_free(zStr);
}

/*
** Find a string that is not found anywhere in z[].  Return a pointer
** to that string.
**

}

/*
** Output the given string as a quoted string using SQL quoting conventions.
**
** See also: output_quoted_escaped_string()
*/
static void output_quoted_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
static void output_quoted_string(const char *z){
  int i;
  char c;
#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  FILE *pfO = setOutputStream(invalidFileStream);
  setBinaryMode(out, 1);
  setBinaryMode(pfO, 1);
#endif
  if( z==0 ) return;
  for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\''; i++){}
  if( c==0 ){
    utf8_printf(out,"'%s'",z);
    oputf("'%s'",z);
  }else{
    raw_printf(out, "'");
    oputz("'");
    while( *z ){
      for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\''; i++){}
      if( c=='\'' ) i++;
      if( i ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%.*s", i, z);
        oputf("%.*s", i, z);
        z += i;
      }
      if( c=='\'' ){
        raw_printf(out, "'");
        oputz("'");
        continue;
      }
      if( c==0 ){
        break;
      }
      z++;
    }
    raw_printf(out, "'");
    oputz("'");
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  setTextMode(out, 1);
  setTextMode(pfO, 1);
#else
  setTextMode(stdout, 1);
#endif
}

/*
** Output the given string as a quoted string using SQL quoting conventions.
** Additionallly , escape the "\n" and "\r" characters so that they do not
** get corrupted by end-of-line translation facilities in some operating
** systems.
**
** This is like output_quoted_string() but with the addition of the \r\n
** escape mechanism.
*/
static void output_quoted_escaped_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
static void output_quoted_escaped_string(const char *z){
  int i;
  char c;
#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  FILE *pfO = setOutputStream(invalidFileStream);
  setBinaryMode(out, 1);
  setBinaryMode(pfO, 1);
#endif
  for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\'' && c!='\n' && c!='\r'; i++){}
  if( c==0 ){
    utf8_printf(out,"'%s'",z);
    oputf("'%s'",z);
  }else{
    const char *zNL = 0;
    const char *zCR = 0;
    int nNL = 0;
    int nCR = 0;
    char zBuf1[20], zBuf2[20];
    for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
      if( z[i]=='\n' ) nNL++;
      if( z[i]=='\r' ) nCR++;
    }
    if( nNL ){
      raw_printf(out, "replace(");
      oputz("replace(");
      zNL = unused_string(z, "\\n", "\\012", zBuf1);
    }
    if( nCR ){
      raw_printf(out, "replace(");
      oputz("replace(");
      zCR = unused_string(z, "\\r", "\\015", zBuf2);
    }
    raw_printf(out, "'");
    oputz("'");
    while( *z ){
      for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0 && c!='\n' && c!='\r' && c!='\''; i++){}
      if( c=='\'' ) i++;
      if( i ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%.*s", i, z);
        oputf("%.*s", i, z);
        z += i;
      }
      if( c=='\'' ){
        raw_printf(out, "'");
        oputz("'");
        continue;
      }
      if( c==0 ){
        break;
      }
      z++;
      if( c=='\n' ){
        raw_printf(out, "%s", zNL);
        oputz(zNL);
        continue;
      }
      raw_printf(out, "%s", zCR);
      oputz(zCR);
    }
    raw_printf(out, "'");
    oputz("'");
    if( nCR ){
      raw_printf(out, ",'%s',char(13))", zCR);
      oputf(",'%s',char(13))", zCR);
    }
    if( nNL ){
      raw_printf(out, ",'%s',char(10))", zNL);
      oputf(",'%s',char(10))", zNL);
    }
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  setTextMode(out, 1);
  setTextMode(pfO, 1);
#else
  setTextMode(stdout, 1);
#endif
}

/*
** Find earliest of chars within s specified in zAny.
** With ns == ~0, is like strpbrk(s,zAny) and s must be 0-terminated.
*/
static const char *anyOfInStr(const char *s, const char *zAny, size_t ns){
  const char *pcFirst = 0;
  if( ns == ~(size_t)0 ) ns = strlen(s);
  while(*zAny){
    const char *pc = (const char*)memchr(s, *zAny&0xff, ns);
    if( pc ){
      pcFirst = pc;
      ns = pcFirst - s;
    }
    ++zAny;
  }
  return pcFirst;
}
/*
** Output the given string as a quoted according to C or TCL quoting rules.
*/
static void output_c_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
  unsigned int c;
  fputc('"', out);
  while( (c = *(z++))!=0 ){
    if( c=='\\' ){
static void output_c_string(const char *z){
  char c;
  static const char *zq = "\"";
  static long ctrlMask = ~0L;
  static const char *zDQBSRO = "\"\\\x7f"; /* double-quote, backslash, rubout */
  char ace[3] = "\\?";
  char cbsSay;
  oputz(zq);
  while( *z!=0 ){
    const char *pcDQBSRO = anyOfInStr(z, zDQBSRO, ~(size_t)0);
    const char *pcPast = zSkipValidUtf8(z, INT_MAX, ctrlMask);
    const char *pcEnd = (pcDQBSRO && pcDQBSRO < pcPast)? pcDQBSRO : pcPast;
    if( pcEnd > z ) oputb(z, (int)(pcEnd-z));
      fputc(c, out);
      fputc(c, out);
    }else if( c=='"' ){
    if( (c = *pcEnd)==0 ) break;
      fputc('\\', out);
      fputc('"', out);
    }else if( c=='\t' ){
      fputc('\\', out);
      fputc('t', out);
    }else if( c=='\n' ){
    ++pcEnd;
    switch( c ){
    case '\\': case '"':
      cbsSay = (char)c;
      break;
    case '\t': cbsSay = 't'; break;
    case '\n': cbsSay = 'n'; break;
      fputc('\\', out);
      fputc('n', out);
    }else if( c=='\r' ){
    case '\r': cbsSay = 'r'; break;
    case '\f': cbsSay = 'f'; break;
    default: cbsSay = 0; break;
    }
    if( cbsSay ){
      fputc('\\', out);
      fputc('r', out);
      ace[1] = cbsSay;
      oputz(ace);
    }else if( !isprint(c&0xff) ){
      raw_printf(out, "\\%03o", c&0xff);
      oputf("\\%03o", c&0xff);
    }else{
      ace[1] = (char)c;
      fputc(c, out);
      oputz(ace+1);
    }
    z = pcEnd;
  }
  fputc('"', out);
  oputz(zq);
}

/*
** Output the given string as a quoted according to JSON quoting rules.
*/
static void output_json_string(FILE *out, const char *z, i64 n){
  unsigned int c;
static void output_json_string(const char *z, i64 n){
  char c;
  static const char *zq = "\"";
  static long ctrlMask = ~0L;
  static const char *zDQBS = "\"\\";
  const char *pcLimit;
  char ace[3] = "\\?";
  char cbsSay;

  if( z==0 ) z = "";
  if( n<0 ) n = strlen(z);
  fputc('"', out);
  while( n-- ){
  pcLimit = z + ((n<0)? strlen(z) : (size_t)n);
  oputz(zq);
  while( z < pcLimit ){
    const char *pcDQBS = anyOfInStr(z, zDQBS, pcLimit-z);
    const char *pcPast = zSkipValidUtf8(z, (int)(pcLimit-z), ctrlMask);
    const char *pcEnd = (pcDQBS && pcDQBS < pcPast)? pcDQBS : pcPast;
    if( pcEnd > z ){
      oputb(z, (int)(pcEnd-z));
      z = pcEnd;
    }
    if( z >= pcLimit ) break;
    c = *(z++);
    if( c=='\\' || c=='"' ){
      fputc('\\', out);
      fputc(c, out);
    switch( c ){
    case '"': case '\\':
      cbsSay = (char)c;
      break;
    case '\b': cbsSay = 'b'; break;
    case '\f': cbsSay = 'f'; break;
    case '\n': cbsSay = 'n'; break;
    case '\r': cbsSay = 'r'; break;
    case '\t': cbsSay = 't'; break;
    default: cbsSay = 0; break;
    }
    if( cbsSay ){
      ace[1] = cbsSay;
      oputz(ace);
    }else if( c<=0x1f ){
      fputc('\\', out);
      if( c=='\b' ){
        fputc('b', out);
      }else if( c=='\f' ){
        fputc('f', out);
      }else if( c=='\n' ){
        fputc('n', out);
      }else if( c=='\r' ){
        fputc('r', out);
      }else if( c=='\t' ){
        fputc('t', out);
      }else{
         raw_printf(out, "u%04x",c);
      oputf("u%04x", c);
      }
    }else{
      ace[1] = (char)c;
      fputc(c, out);
      oputz(ace+1);
    }
  }
  fputc('"', out);
  oputz(zq);
}

/*
** Output the given string with characters that are special to
** HTML escaped.
*/
static void output_html_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
static void output_html_string(const char *z){
  int i;
  if( z==0 ) z = "";
  while( *z ){
    for(i=0;   z[i]
            && z[i]!='<'
            && z[i]!='&'
            && z[i]!='>'
            && z[i]!='\"'
            && z[i]!='\'';
        i++){}
    if( i>0 ){
      utf8_printf(out,"%.*s",i,z);
      oputf("%.*s",i,z);
    }
    if( z[i]=='<' ){
      raw_printf(out,"&lt;");
      oputz("&lt;");
    }else if( z[i]=='&' ){
      raw_printf(out,"&amp;");
      oputz("&amp;");
    }else if( z[i]=='>' ){
      raw_printf(out,"&gt;");
      oputz("&gt;");
    }else if( z[i]=='\"' ){
      raw_printf(out,"&quot;");
      oputz("&quot;");
    }else if( z[i]=='\'' ){
      raw_printf(out,"&#39;");
      oputz("&#39;");
    }else{
      break;
    }
    z += i + 1;
  }
}

/*
** Output a single term of CSV.  Actually, p->colSeparator is used for
** the separator, which may or may not be a comma.  p->nullValue is
** the null value.  Strings are quoted if necessary.  The separator
** is only issued if bSep is true.
*/
static void output_csv(ShellState *p, const char *z, int bSep){
  FILE *out = p->out;
  if( z==0 ){
    utf8_printf(out,"%s",p->nullValue);
    oputf("%s",p->nullValue);
  }else{
    unsigned i;
    for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
      if( needCsvQuote[((unsigned char*)z)[i]] ){
        i = 0;
        break;
      }
    }
    if( i==0 || strstr(z, p->colSeparator)!=0 ){
      char *zQuoted = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", z);
      shell_check_oom(zQuoted);
      utf8_printf(out, "%s", zQuoted);
      oputz(zQuoted);
      sqlite3_free(zQuoted);
    }else{
      utf8_printf(out, "%s", z);
      oputz(z);
    }
  }
  if( bSep ){
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
    oputz(p->colSeparator);
  }
}

/*
** This routine runs when the user presses Ctrl-C
*/
static void interrupt_handler(int NotUsed){

  };
  int i;
  const char *az[4];
  az[0] = zA1;
  az[1] = zA2;
  az[2] = zA3;
  az[3] = zA4;
  utf8_printf(p->out, "authorizer: %s", azAction[op]);
  oputf("authorizer: %s", azAction[op]);
  for(i=0; i<4; i++){
    raw_printf(p->out, " ");
    oputz(" ");
    if( az[i] ){
      output_c_string(p->out, az[i]);
      output_c_string(az[i]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(p->out, "NULL");
      oputz("NULL");
    }
  }
  raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
  oputz("\n");
  if( p->bSafeMode ) (void)safeModeAuth(pClientData, op, zA1, zA2, zA3, zA4);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}
#endif

/*
** Print a schema statement.  Part of MODE_Semi and MODE_Pretty output.
**
** This routine converts some CREATE TABLE statements for shadow tables
** in FTS3/4/5 into CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statements.
**
** If the schema statement in z[] contains a start-of-comment and if
** sqlite3_complete() returns false, try to terminate the comment before
** printing the result.  https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/d7be961c5c
*/
static void printSchemaLine(FILE *out, const char *z, const char *zTail){
static void printSchemaLine(const char *z, const char *zTail){
  char *zToFree = 0;
  if( z==0 ) return;
  if( zTail==0 ) return;
  if( zTail[0]==';' && (strstr(z, "/*")!=0 || strstr(z,"--")!=0) ){
    const char *zOrig = z;
    static const char *azTerm[] = { "", "*/", "\n" };
    int i;

        z = zNew;
        break;
      }
      sqlite3_free(zNew);
    }
  }
  if( sqlite3_strglob("CREATE TABLE ['\"]*", z)==0 ){
    utf8_printf(out, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS %s%s", z+13, zTail);
    oputf("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS %s%s", z+13, zTail);
  }else{
    utf8_printf(out, "%s%s", z, zTail);
    oputf("%s%s", z, zTail);
  }
  sqlite3_free(zToFree);
}
static void printSchemaLineN(FILE *out, char *z, int n, const char *zTail){
static void printSchemaLineN(char *z, int n, const char *zTail){
  char c = z[n];
  z[n] = 0;
  printSchemaLine(out, z, zTail);
  printSchemaLine(z, zTail);
  z[n] = c;
}

/*
** Return true if string z[] has nothing but whitespace and comments to the
** end of the first line.
*/

*/
static void eqp_append(ShellState *p, int iEqpId, int p2, const char *zText){
  EQPGraphRow *pNew;
  i64 nText;
  if( zText==0 ) return;
  nText = strlen(zText);
  if( p->autoEQPtest ){
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%d,%d,%s\n", iEqpId, p2, zText);
    oputf("%d,%d,%s\n", iEqpId, p2, zText);
  }
  pNew = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pNew) + nText );
  shell_check_oom(pNew);
  pNew->iEqpId = iEqpId;
  pNew->iParentId = p2;
  memcpy(pNew->zText, zText, nText+1);
  pNew->pNext = 0;

static void eqp_render_level(ShellState *p, int iEqpId){
  EQPGraphRow *pRow, *pNext;
  i64 n = strlen(p->sGraph.zPrefix);
  char *z;
  for(pRow = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, 0); pRow; pRow = pNext){
    pNext = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, pRow);
    z = pRow->zText;
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s%s%s\n", p->sGraph.zPrefix,
                pNext ? "|--" : "`--", z);
    oputf("%s%s%s\n", p->sGraph.zPrefix, pNext ? "|--" : "`--", z);
    if( n<(i64)sizeof(p->sGraph.zPrefix)-7 ){
      memcpy(&p->sGraph.zPrefix[n], pNext ? "|  " : "   ", 4);
      eqp_render_level(p, pRow->iEqpId);
      p->sGraph.zPrefix[n] = 0;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Display and reset the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN data
*/
static void eqp_render(ShellState *p, i64 nCycle){
  EQPGraphRow *pRow = p->sGraph.pRow;
  if( pRow ){
    if( pRow->zText[0]=='-' ){
      if( pRow->pNext==0 ){
        eqp_reset(p);
        return;
      }
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", pRow->zText+3);
      oputf("%s\n", pRow->zText+3);
      p->sGraph.pRow = pRow->pNext;
      sqlite3_free(pRow);
    }else if( nCycle>0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "QUERY PLAN (cycles=%lld [100%%])\n", nCycle);
      oputf("QUERY PLAN (cycles=%lld [100%%])\n", nCycle);
    }else{
      utf8_printf(p->out, "QUERY PLAN\n");
      oputz("QUERY PLAN\n");
    }
    p->sGraph.zPrefix[0] = 0;
    eqp_render_level(p, 0);
    eqp_reset(p);
  }
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
/*
** Progress handler callback.
*/
static int progress_handler(void *pClientData) {
  ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pClientData;
  p->nProgress++;
  if( p->nProgress>=p->mxProgress && p->mxProgress>0 ){
    raw_printf(p->out, "Progress limit reached (%u)\n", p->nProgress);
    oputf("Progress limit reached (%u)\n", p->nProgress);
    if( p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET ) p->nProgress = 0;
    if( p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE ) p->mxProgress = 0;
    return 1;
  }
  if( (p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_QUIET)==0 ){
    raw_printf(p->out, "Progress %u\n", p->nProgress);
    oputf("Progress %u\n", p->nProgress);
  }
  return 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK */

/*
** Print N dashes
*/
static void print_dashes(FILE *out, int N){
static void print_dashes(int N){
  const char zDash[] = "--------------------------------------------------";
  const int nDash = sizeof(zDash) - 1;
  while( N>nDash ){
    fputs(zDash, out);
    oputz(zDash);
    N -= nDash;
  }
  raw_printf(out, "%.*s", N, zDash);
  oputf("%.*s", N, zDash);
}

/*
** Print a markdown or table-style row separator using ascii-art
*/
static void print_row_separator(
  ShellState *p,
  int nArg,
  const char *zSep
){
  int i;
  if( nArg>0 ){
    fputs(zSep, p->out);
    print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[0]+2);
    oputz(zSep);
    print_dashes(p->actualWidth[0]+2);
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      fputs(zSep, p->out);
      print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]+2);
      oputz(zSep);
      print_dashes(p->actualWidth[i]+2);
    }
    fputs(zSep, p->out);
    oputz(zSep);
  }
  fputs("\n", p->out);
  oputz("\n");
}

/*
** This is the callback routine that the shell
** invokes for each row of a query result.
*/
static int shell_callback(

    case MODE_Line: {
      int w = 5;
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        int len = strlen30(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
        if( len>w ) w = len;
      }
      if( p->cnt++>0 ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
      if( p->cnt++>0 ) oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        utf8_printf(p->out,"%*s = %s%s", w, azCol[i],
                azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue, p->rowSeparator);
        oputf("%*s = %s%s", w, azCol[i],
              azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue, p->rowSeparator);
      }
      break;
    }
    case MODE_ScanExp:
    case MODE_Explain: {
      static const int aExplainWidth[] = {4,       13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
      static const int aExplainMap[] =   {0,       1,  2, 3, 4, 5,  6, 7 };

        iIndent = 3;
      }
      if( nArg>nWidth ) nArg = nWidth;

      /* If this is the first row seen, print out the headers */
      if( p->cnt++==0 ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          utf8_width_print(p->out, aWidth[i], azCol[ aMap[i] ]);
          fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
          utf8_width_print(aWidth[i], azCol[ aMap[i] ]);
          oputz(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ");
        }
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          print_dashes(p->out, aWidth[i]);
          fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
          print_dashes(aWidth[i]);
          oputz(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ");
        }
      }

      /* If there is no data, exit early. */
      if( azArg==0 ) break;

      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        const char *zSep = "  ";
        int w = aWidth[i];
        const char *zVal = azArg[ aMap[i] ];
        if( i==nArg-1 ) w = 0;
        if( zVal && strlenChar(zVal)>w ){
          w = strlenChar(zVal);
          zSep = " ";
        }
        if( i==iIndent && p->aiIndent && p->pStmt ){
          if( p->iIndent<p->nIndent ){
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%*.s", p->aiIndent[p->iIndent], "");
            oputf("%*.s", p->aiIndent[p->iIndent], "");
          }
          p->iIndent++;
        }
        utf8_width_print(p->out, w, zVal ? zVal : p->nullValue);
        fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : zSep, p->out);
        utf8_width_print(w, zVal ? zVal : p->nullValue);
        oputz(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : zSep);
      }
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Semi: {   /* .schema and .fullschema output */
      printSchemaLine(p->out, azArg[0], ";\n");
      printSchemaLine(azArg[0], ";\n");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Pretty: {  /* .schema and .fullschema with --indent */
      char *z;
      int j;
      int nParen = 0;
      char cEnd = 0;
      char c;
      int nLine = 0;
      assert( nArg==1 );
      if( azArg[0]==0 ) break;
      if( sqlite3_strlike("CREATE VIEW%", azArg[0], 0)==0
       || sqlite3_strlike("CREATE TRIG%", azArg[0], 0)==0
      ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s;\n", azArg[0]);
        oputf("%s;\n", azArg[0]);
        break;
      }
      z = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", azArg[0]);
      shell_check_oom(z);
      j = 0;
      for(i=0; IsSpace(z[i]); i++){}
      for(; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){

          }else if( c=='-' && z[i+1]=='-' ){
            cEnd = '\n';
          }else if( c=='(' ){
            nParen++;
          }else if( c==')' ){
            nParen--;
            if( nLine>0 && nParen==0 && j>0 ){
              printSchemaLineN(p->out, z, j, "\n");
              printSchemaLineN(z, j, "\n");
              j = 0;
            }
          }
          z[j++] = c;
          if( nParen==1 && cEnd==0
           && (c=='(' || c=='\n' || (c==',' && !wsToEol(z+i+1)))
          ){
            if( c=='\n' ) j--;
            printSchemaLineN(p->out, z, j, "\n  ");
            printSchemaLineN(z, j, "\n  ");
            j = 0;
            nLine++;
            while( IsSpace(z[i+1]) ){ i++; }
          }
        }
        z[j] = 0;
      }
      printSchemaLine(p->out, z, ";\n");
      printSchemaLine(z, ";\n");
      sqlite3_free(z);
      break;
    }
    case MODE_List: {
      if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s%s",azCol[i],
                  i==nArg-1 ? p->rowSeparator : p->colSeparator);
          oputf("%s%s",azCol[i], i==nArg-1 ? p->rowSeparator : p->colSeparator);
        }
      }
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        char *z = azArg[i];
        if( z==0 ) z = p->nullValue;
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
        oputz(z);
        if( i<nArg-1 ){
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
        oputz((i<nArg-1)? p->colSeparator : p->rowSeparator);
        }else{
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Html: {
      if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
        raw_printf(p->out,"<TR>");
        oputz("<TR>");
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          raw_printf(p->out,"<TH>");
          output_html_string(p->out, azCol[i]);
          raw_printf(p->out,"</TH>\n");
          oputz("<TH>");
          output_html_string(azCol[i]);
          oputz("</TH>\n");
        }
        raw_printf(p->out,"</TR>\n");
        oputz("</TR>\n");
      }
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      raw_printf(p->out,"<TR>");
      oputz("<TR>");
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        raw_printf(p->out,"<TD>");
        output_html_string(p->out, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
        raw_printf(p->out,"</TD>\n");
        oputz("<TD>");
        output_html_string(azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
        oputz("</TD>\n");
      }
      raw_printf(p->out,"</TR>\n");
      oputz("</TR>\n");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Tcl: {
      if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          output_c_string(p->out,azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
          if(i<nArg-1) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
          output_c_string(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
          if(i<nArg-1) oputz(p->colSeparator);
        }
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
        oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      }
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        output_c_string(p->out, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
        if(i<nArg-1) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
        output_c_string(azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
        if(i<nArg-1) oputz(p->colSeparator);
      }
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
      oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Csv: {
      setBinaryMode(p->out, 1);
      if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          output_csv(p, azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "", i<nArg-1);
        }
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
        oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      }
      if( nArg>0 ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          output_csv(p, azArg[i], i<nArg-1);
        }
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
        oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      }
      setTextMode(p->out, 1);
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Insert: {
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      utf8_printf(p->out,"INSERT INTO %s",p->zDestTable);
      oputf("INSERT INTO %s",p->zDestTable);
      if( p->showHeader ){
        raw_printf(p->out,"(");
        oputz("(");
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          if( i>0 ) raw_printf(p->out, ",");
          if( i>0 ) oputz(",");
          if( quoteChar(azCol[i]) ){
            char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", azCol[i]);
            shell_check_oom(z);
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
            oputz(z);
            sqlite3_free(z);
          }else{
            raw_printf(p->out, "%s", azCol[i]);
            oputf("%s", azCol[i]);
          }
        }
        raw_printf(p->out,")");
        oputz(")");
      }
      p->cnt++;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        raw_printf(p->out, i>0 ? "," : " VALUES(");
        oputz(i>0 ? "," : " VALUES(");
        if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"NULL");
          oputz("NULL");
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
          if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines) ){
            output_quoted_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
            output_quoted_string(azArg[i]);
          }else{
            output_quoted_escaped_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
            output_quoted_escaped_string(azArg[i]);
          }
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s", azArg[i]);
          oputz(azArg[i]);
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
          char z[50];
          double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
          sqlite3_uint64 ur;
          memcpy(&ur,&r,sizeof(r));
          if( ur==0x7ff0000000000000LL ){
            raw_printf(p->out, "9.0e+999");
            oputz("9.0e+999");
          }else if( ur==0xfff0000000000000LL ){
            raw_printf(p->out, "-9.0e+999");
            oputz("-9.0e+999");
          }else{
            sqlite3_int64 ir = (sqlite3_int64)r;
            if( r==(double)ir ){
              sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%lld.0", ir);
            }else{
              sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
            }
            raw_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
            oputz(z);
          }
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
          const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
          int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
          output_hex_blob(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
          output_hex_blob(pBlob, nBlob);
        }else if( isNumber(azArg[i], 0) ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s", azArg[i]);
          oputz(azArg[i]);
        }else if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines) ){
          output_quoted_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
          output_quoted_string(azArg[i]);
        }else{
          output_quoted_escaped_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
          output_quoted_escaped_string(azArg[i]);
        }
      }
      raw_printf(p->out,");\n");
      oputz(");\n");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Json: {
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      if( p->cnt==0 ){
        fputs("[{", p->out);
      }else{
        fputs(",\n{", p->out);
      }
      p->cnt++;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        output_json_string(p->out, azCol[i], -1);
        putc(':', p->out);
        output_json_string(azCol[i], -1);
        oputz(":");
        if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
          fputs("null",p->out);
          oputz("null");
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
          char z[50];
          double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
          sqlite3_uint64 ur;
          memcpy(&ur,&r,sizeof(r));
          if( ur==0x7ff0000000000000LL ){
            raw_printf(p->out, "9.0e+999");
            oputz("9.0e+999");
          }else if( ur==0xfff0000000000000LL ){
            raw_printf(p->out, "-9.0e+999");
            oputz("-9.0e+999");
          }else{
            sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
            raw_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
            oputz(z);
          }
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
          const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
          int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
          output_json_string(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
          output_json_string(pBlob, nBlob);
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
          output_json_string(p->out, azArg[i], -1);
          output_json_string(azArg[i], -1);
        }else{
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s", azArg[i]);
          oputz(azArg[i]);
        }
        if( i<nArg-1 ){
          putc(',', p->out);
          oputz(",");
        }
      }
      putc('}', p->out);
      oputz("}");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Quote: {
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      if( p->cnt==0 && p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          if( i>0 ) fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
          output_quoted_string(p->out, azCol[i]);
          output_quoted_string(azCol[i]);
        }
        fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
      }
      p->cnt++;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        if( i>0 ) fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
        if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"NULL");
          oputz("NULL");
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
          output_quoted_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
          output_quoted_string(azArg[i]);
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s", azArg[i]);
          oputz(azArg[i]);
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
          char z[50];
          double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
          sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
          raw_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
          oputz(z);
        }else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
          const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
          int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
          output_hex_blob(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
          output_hex_blob(pBlob, nBlob);
        }else if( isNumber(azArg[i], 0) ){
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s", azArg[i]);
          oputz(azArg[i]);
        }else{
          output_quoted_string(p->out, azArg[i]);
          output_quoted_string(azArg[i]);
        }
      }
      fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Ascii: {
      if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
          if( i>0 ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%s",azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
          if( i>0 ) oputz(p->colSeparator);
          oputz(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
        }
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
        oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      }
      if( azArg==0 ) break;
      for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        if( i>0 ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->colSeparator);
        utf8_printf(p->out,"%s",azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
        if( i>0 ) oputz(p->colSeparator);
        oputz(azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
      }
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->rowSeparator);
      oputz(p->rowSeparator);
      break;
    }
    case MODE_EQP: {
      eqp_append(p, atoi(azArg[0]), atoi(azArg[1]), azArg[3]);
      break;
    }
  }

    "INSERT INTO [_shell$self]\n"
    "  VALUES('run','PRAGMA integrity_check','ok');\n"
    "INSERT INTO selftest(tno,op,cmd,ans)"
    "  SELECT rowid*10,op,cmd,ans FROM [_shell$self];\n"
    "DROP TABLE [_shell$self];"
    ,0,0,&zErrMsg);
  if( zErrMsg ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "SELFTEST initialization failure: %s\n", zErrMsg);
    eputf("SELFTEST initialization failure: %s\n", zErrMsg);
    sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
  }
  sqlite3_exec(p->db, "RELEASE selftest_init",0,0,0);
}


/*

  int rc;
  int nResult;
  int i;
  const char *z;
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSelect, -1, &pSelect, 0);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || !pSelect ){
    char *zContext = shell_error_context(zSelect, p->db);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n%s", rc,
                sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zContext);
    oputf("/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n%s",
          rc, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zContext);
    sqlite3_free(zContext);
    if( (rc&0xff)!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) p->nErr++;
    return rc;
  }
  rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
  nResult = sqlite3_column_count(pSelect);
  while( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
    z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 0);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", z);
    oputf("%s", z);
    for(i=1; i<nResult; i++){
      utf8_printf(p->out, ",%s", sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, i));
      oputf(",%s", sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, i));
    }
    if( z==0 ) z = "";
    while( z[0] && (z[0]!='-' || z[1]!='-') ) z++;
    if( z[0] ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "\n;\n");
      oputz("\n;\n");
    }else{
      raw_printf(p->out, ";\n");
      oputz(";\n");
    }
    rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
  }
  rc = sqlite3_finalize(pSelect);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
    utf8_printf(p->out, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n", rc,
    oputf("/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n", rc, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
                sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
    if( (rc&0xff)!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) p->nErr++;
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Allocate space and save off string indicating current error.

  return zErr;
}

#ifdef __linux__
/*
** Attempt to display I/O stats on Linux using /proc/PID/io
*/
static void displayLinuxIoStats(FILE *out){
static void displayLinuxIoStats(void){
  FILE *in;
  char z[200];
  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z), z, "/proc/%d/io", getpid());
  in = fopen(z, "rb");
  if( in==0 ) return;
  while( fgets(z, sizeof(z), in)!=0 ){
    static const struct {

      { "write_bytes: ",            "Bytes written to storage:" },
      { "cancelled_write_bytes: ",  "Cancelled write bytes:"    },
    };
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aTrans); i++){
      int n = strlen30(aTrans[i].zPattern);
      if( cli_strncmp(aTrans[i].zPattern, z, n)==0 ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s", aTrans[i].zDesc, &z[n]);
        oputf("%-36s %s", aTrans[i].zDesc, &z[n]);
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  fclose(in);
}
#endif

/*
** Display a single line of status using 64-bit values.
*/
static void displayStatLine(
  ShellState *p,            /* The shell context */
  char *zLabel,             /* Label for this one line */
  char *zFormat,            /* Format for the result */
  int iStatusCtrl,          /* Which status to display */
  int bReset                /* True to reset the stats */
){
  sqlite3_int64 iCur = -1;
  sqlite3_int64 iHiwtr = -1;
  int i, nPercent;
  char zLine[200];
  sqlite3_status64(iStatusCtrl, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
  for(i=0, nPercent=0; zFormat[i]; i++){
    if( zFormat[i]=='%' ) nPercent++;
  }
  if( nPercent>1 ){
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLine), zLine, zFormat, iCur, iHiwtr);
  }else{
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLine), zLine, zFormat, iHiwtr);
  }
  raw_printf(p->out, "%-36s %s\n", zLabel, zLine);
  oputf("%-36s %s\n", zLabel, zLine);
}

/*
** Display memory stats.
*/
static int display_stats(
  sqlite3 *db,                /* Database to query */
  ShellState *pArg,           /* Pointer to ShellState */
  int bReset                  /* True to reset the stats */
){
  int iCur;
  int iHiwtr;
  FILE *out;
  if( pArg==0 || pArg->out==0 ) return 0;
  out = pArg->out;

  if( pArg->pStmt && pArg->statsOn==2 ){
    int nCol, i, x;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = pArg->pStmt;
    char z[100];
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    raw_printf(out, "%-36s %d\n", "Number of output columns:", nCol);
    oputf("%-36s %d\n", "Number of output columns:", nCol);
    for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z),z,"Column %d %nname:", i, &x);
      utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_name(pStmt,i));
      oputf("%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_name(pStmt,i));
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DECLTYPE
      sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "declared type:");
      utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_decltype(pStmt, i));
      oputf("%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_decltype(pStmt, i));
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
      sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "database name:");
      utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_database_name(pStmt,i));
      oputf("%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_database_name(pStmt,i));
      sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "table name:");
      utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_table_name(pStmt,i));
      oputf("%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_table_name(pStmt,i));
      sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "origin name:");
      utf8_printf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_origin_name(pStmt,i));
      oputf("%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_origin_name(pStmt,i));
#endif
    }
  }

  if( pArg->statsOn==3 ){
    if( pArg->pStmt ){
      iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP,bReset);
      raw_printf(pArg->out, "VM-steps: %d\n", iCur);
      oputf("VM-steps: %d\n", iCur);
    }
    return 0;
  }

  displayStatLine(pArg, "Memory Used:",
  displayStatLine("Memory Used:",
     "%lld (max %lld) bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, bReset);
  displayStatLine(pArg, "Number of Outstanding Allocations:",
  displayStatLine("Number of Outstanding Allocations:",
     "%lld (max %lld)", SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT, bReset);
  if( pArg->shellFlgs & SHFLG_Pagecache ){
    displayStatLine(pArg, "Number of Pcache Pages Used:",
    displayStatLine("Number of Pcache Pages Used:",
       "%lld (max %lld) pages", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED, bReset);
  }
  displayStatLine(pArg, "Number of Pcache Overflow Bytes:",
  displayStatLine("Number of Pcache Overflow Bytes:",
     "%lld (max %lld) bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW, bReset);
  displayStatLine(pArg, "Largest Allocation:",
  displayStatLine("Largest Allocation:",
     "%lld bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, bReset);
  displayStatLine(pArg, "Largest Pcache Allocation:",
  displayStatLine("Largest Pcache Allocation:",
     "%lld bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE, bReset);
#ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
  displayStatLine(pArg, "Deepest Parser Stack:",
  displayStatLine("Deepest Parser Stack:",
     "%lld (max %lld)", SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK, bReset);
#endif

  if( db ){
    if( pArg->shellFlgs & SHFLG_Lookaside ){
      iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
      sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED,
                        &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
      raw_printf(pArg->out,
              "Lookaside Slots Used:                %d (max %d)\n",
      oputf("Lookaside Slots Used:                %d (max %d)\n", iCur, iHiwtr);
              iCur, iHiwtr);
      sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT,
                        &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
      raw_printf(pArg->out, "Successful lookaside attempts:       %d\n",
      oputf("Successful lookaside attempts:       %d\n", iHiwtr);
              iHiwtr);
      sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE,
                        &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
      raw_printf(pArg->out, "Lookaside failures due to size:      %d\n",
      oputf("Lookaside failures due to size:      %d\n", iHiwtr);
              iHiwtr);
      sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL,
                        &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
      raw_printf(pArg->out, "Lookaside failures due to OOM:       %d\n",
      oputf("Lookaside failures due to OOM:       %d\n", iHiwtr);
              iHiwtr);
    }
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Pager Heap Usage:                    %d bytes\n",
    oputf("Pager Heap Usage:                    %d bytes\n", iCur);
            iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Page cache hits:                     %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Page cache hits:                     %d\n", iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Page cache misses:                   %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Page cache misses:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Page cache writes:                   %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Page cache writes:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Page cache spills:                   %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Page cache spills:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Schema Heap Usage:                   %d bytes\n",
    oputf("Schema Heap Usage:                   %d bytes\n", iCur);
            iCur);
    iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
    sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Statement Heap/Lookaside Usage:      %d bytes\n",
    oputf("Statement Heap/Lookaside Usage:      %d bytes\n", iCur);
            iCur);
  }

  if( pArg->pStmt ){
    int iHit, iMiss;
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP,
                               bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Fullscan Steps:                      %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Fullscan Steps:                      %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Sort Operations:                     %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Sort Operations:                     %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX,bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Autoindex Inserts:                   %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Autoindex Inserts:                   %d\n", iCur);
    iHit = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT,
                               bReset);
    iMiss = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS,
                                bReset);
    if( iHit || iMiss ){
      raw_printf(pArg->out, "Bloom filter bypass taken:           %d/%d\n",
      oputf("Bloom filter bypass taken:           %d/%d\n", iHit, iHit+iMiss);
            iHit, iHit+iMiss);
    }
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Virtual Machine Steps:               %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Virtual Machine Steps:               %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE,bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Reprepare operations:                %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Reprepare operations:                %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Number of times run:                 %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Number of times run:                 %d\n", iCur);
    iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED, bReset);
    raw_printf(pArg->out, "Memory used by prepared stmt:        %d\n", iCur);
    oputf("Memory used by prepared stmt:        %d\n", iCur);
  }

#ifdef __linux__
  displayLinuxIoStats(pArg->out);
  displayLinuxIoStats();
#endif

  /* Do not remove this machine readable comment: extra-stats-output-here */

  return 0;
}

  ShellState *pArg                /* Pointer to ShellState */
){
#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(db);
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(pArg);
#else
  if( pArg->scanstatsOn==3 ){
    const char *zSql = 
    const char *zSql =
      "  SELECT addr, opcode, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, comment, nexec,"
      "   round(ncycle*100.0 / (sum(ncycle) OVER ()), 2)||'%' AS cycles"
      "   FROM bytecode(?)";

    int rc = SQLITE_OK;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);

#define BOX_234  "\342\224\254"  /* U+252c -,- */
#define BOX_124  "\342\224\264"  /* U+2534 -'- */
#define BOX_1234 "\342\224\274"  /* U+253c -|- */

/* Draw horizontal line N characters long using unicode box
** characters
*/
static void print_box_line(FILE *out, int N){
static void print_box_line(int N){
  const char zDash[] =
      BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24
      BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24;
  const int nDash = sizeof(zDash) - 1;
  N *= 3;
  while( N>nDash ){
    utf8_printf(out, zDash);
    oputz(zDash);
    N -= nDash;
  }
  utf8_printf(out, "%.*s", N, zDash);
  oputf("%.*s", N, zDash);
}

/*
** Draw a horizontal separator for a MODE_Box table.
*/
static void print_box_row_separator(
  ShellState *p,
  int nArg,
  const char *zSep1,
  const char *zSep2,
  const char *zSep3
){
  int i;
  if( nArg>0 ){
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", zSep1);
    print_box_line(p->out, p->actualWidth[0]+2);
    oputz(zSep1);
    print_box_line(p->actualWidth[0]+2);
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", zSep2);
      print_box_line(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]+2);
      oputz(zSep2);
      print_box_line(p->actualWidth[i]+2);
    }
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", zSep3);
    oputz(zSep3);
  }
  fputs("\n", p->out);
  oputz("\n");
}

/*
** z[] is a line of text that is to be displayed the .mode box or table or
** similar tabular formats.  z[] might contain control characters such
** as \n, \t, \f, or \r.
**

    case MODE_Column: {
      colSep = "  ";
      rowSep = "\n";
      if( p->showHeader ){
        for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
          w = p->actualWidth[i];
          if( p->colWidth[i]<0 ) w = -w;
          utf8_width_print(p->out, w, azData[i]);
          utf8_width_print(w, azData[i]);
          fputs(i==nColumn-1?"\n":"  ", p->out);
        }
        for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
          print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]);
          print_dashes(p->actualWidth[i]);
          fputs(i==nColumn-1?"\n":"  ", p->out);
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Table: {
      colSep = " | ";
      rowSep = " |\n";
      print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
      fputs("| ", p->out);
      for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
        w = p->actualWidth[i];
        n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
        fputs(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ", p->out);
        oputf("%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
        oputz(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ");
      }
      print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Markdown: {
      colSep = " | ";
      rowSep = " |\n";
      fputs("| ", p->out);
      for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
        w = p->actualWidth[i];
        n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
        fputs(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ", p->out);
        oputf("%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
        oputz(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ");
      }
      print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "|");
      break;
    }
    case MODE_Box: {
      colSep = " " BOX_13 " ";
      rowSep = " " BOX_13 "\n";
      print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_23, BOX_234, BOX_34);
      utf8_printf(p->out, BOX_13 " ");
      oputz(BOX_13 " ");
      for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
        w = p->actualWidth[i];
        n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s%s",
            (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "",
            i==nColumn-1?" "BOX_13"\n":" "BOX_13" ");
        oputf("%*s%s%*s%s",
              (w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "",
              i==nColumn-1?" "BOX_13"\n":" "BOX_13" ");
      }
      print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_123, BOX_1234, BOX_134);
      break;
    }
  }
  for(i=nColumn, j=0; i<nTotal; i++, j++){
    if( j==0 && p->cMode!=MODE_Column ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", p->cMode==MODE_Box?BOX_13" ":"| ");
      oputz(p->cMode==MODE_Box?BOX_13" ":"| ");
    }
    z = azData[i];
    if( z==0 ) z = p->nullValue;
    w = p->actualWidth[j];
    if( p->colWidth[j]<0 ) w = -w;
    utf8_width_print(p->out, w, z);
    utf8_width_print(w, z);
    if( j==nColumn-1 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", rowSep);
      oputz(rowSep);
      if( bMultiLineRowExists && abRowDiv[i/nColumn-1] && i+1<nTotal ){
        if( p->cMode==MODE_Table ){
          print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
        }else if( p->cMode==MODE_Box ){
          print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_123, BOX_1234, BOX_134);
        }else if( p->cMode==MODE_Column ){
          raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
          oputz("\n");
        }
      }
      j = -1;
      if( seenInterrupt ) goto columnar_end;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", colSep);
      oputz(colSep);
    }
  }
  if( p->cMode==MODE_Table ){
    print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
  }else if( p->cMode==MODE_Box ){
    print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_12, BOX_124, BOX_14);
  }
columnar_end:
  if( seenInterrupt ){
    utf8_printf(p->out, "Interrupt\n");
    oputz("Interrupt\n");
  }
  nData = (nRow+1)*nColumn;
  for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
    z = azData[i];
    if( z!=zEmpty && z!=zShowNull ) free(azData[i]);
  }
  sqlite3_free(azData);

  char **pzErr
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  sqlite3expert *p = pState->expert.pExpert;
  assert( p );
  assert( bCancel || pzErr==0 || *pzErr==0 );
  if( bCancel==0 ){
    FILE *out = pState->out;
    int bVerbose = pState->expert.bVerbose;

    rc = sqlite3_expert_analyze(p, pzErr);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      int nQuery = sqlite3_expert_count(p);
      int i;

      if( bVerbose ){
        const char *zCand = sqlite3_expert_report(p,0,EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES);
        raw_printf(out, "-- Candidates -----------------------------\n");
        raw_printf(out, "%s\n", zCand);
        oputz("-- Candidates -----------------------------\n");
        oputf("%s\n", zCand);
      }
      for(i=0; i<nQuery; i++){
        const char *zSql = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_SQL);
        const char *zIdx = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_INDEXES);
        const char *zEQP = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_PLAN);
        if( zIdx==0 ) zIdx = "(no new indexes)\n";
        if( bVerbose ){
          raw_printf(out, "-- Query %d --------------------------------\n",i+1);
          raw_printf(out, "%s\n\n", zSql);
          oputf("-- Query %d --------------------------------\n",i+1);
          oputf("%s\n\n", zSql);
        }
        raw_printf(out, "%s\n", zIdx);
        raw_printf(out, "%s\n", zEQP);
        oputf("%s\n", zIdx);
        oputf("%s\n", zEQP);
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_expert_destroy(p);
  pState->expert.pExpert = 0;
  return rc;
}

    if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
    n = strlen30(z);
    if( n>=2 && 0==cli_strncmp(z, "-verbose", n) ){
      pState->expert.bVerbose = 1;
    }
    else if( n>=2 && 0==cli_strncmp(z, "-sample", n) ){
      if( i==(nArg-1) ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "option requires an argument: %s\n", z);
        eputf("option requires an argument: %s\n", z);
        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
      }else{
        iSample = (int)integerValue(azArg[++i]);
        if( iSample<0 || iSample>100 ){
          raw_printf(stderr, "value out of range: %s\n", azArg[i]);
          eputf("value out of range: %s\n", azArg[i]);
          rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
        }
      }
    }
    else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "unknown option: %s\n", z);
      eputf("unknown option: %s\n", z);
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    pState->expert.pExpert = sqlite3_expert_new(pState->db, &zErr);
    if( pState->expert.pExpert==0 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "sqlite3_expert_new: %s\n",
                 zErr ? zErr : "out of memory");
      eputf("sqlite3_expert_new: %s\n", zErr ? zErr : "out of memory");
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
    }else{
      sqlite3_expert_config(
          pState->expert.pExpert, EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE, iSample
      );
    }
  }

  zSql = azArg[2];
  if( zTable==0 ) return 0;
  if( zType==0 ) return 0;
  dataOnly = (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)!=0;
  noSys    = (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpNoSys)!=0;

  if( cli_strcmp(zTable, "sqlite_sequence")==0 && !noSys ){
    if( !dataOnly ) raw_printf(p->out, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");
    if( !dataOnly ) oputz("DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n");
  }else if( sqlite3_strglob("sqlite_stat?", zTable)==0 && !noSys ){
    if( !dataOnly ) raw_printf(p->out, "ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
    if( !dataOnly ) oputz("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
  }else if( cli_strncmp(zTable, "sqlite_", 7)==0 ){
    return 0;
  }else if( dataOnly ){
    /* no-op */
  }else if( cli_strncmp(zSql, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE", 20)==0 ){
    char *zIns;
    if( !p->writableSchema ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;\n");
      oputz("PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;\n");
      p->writableSchema = 1;
    }
    zIns = sqlite3_mprintf(
       "INSERT INTO sqlite_schema(type,name,tbl_name,rootpage,sql)"
       "VALUES('table','%q','%q',0,'%q');",
       zTable, zTable, zSql);
    shell_check_oom(zIns);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zIns);
    oputf("%s\n", zIns);
    sqlite3_free(zIns);
    return 0;
  }else{
    printSchemaLine(p->out, zSql, ";\n");
    printSchemaLine(zSql, ";\n");
  }

  if( cli_strcmp(zType, "table")==0 ){
    ShellText sSelect;
    ShellText sTable;
    char **azCol;
    int i;

    savedDestTable = p->zDestTable;
    savedMode = p->mode;
    p->zDestTable = sTable.z;
    p->mode = p->cMode = MODE_Insert;
    rc = shell_exec(p, sSelect.z, 0);
    if( (rc&0xff)==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n");
      oputz("/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n");
      toggleSelectOrder(p->db);
      shell_exec(p, sSelect.z, 0);
      toggleSelectOrder(p->db);
    }
    p->zDestTable = savedDestTable;
    p->mode = savedMode;
    freeText(&sTable);

){
  int rc;
  char *zErr = 0;
  rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zQuery, dump_callback, p, &zErr);
  if( rc==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
    char *zQ2;
    int len = strlen30(zQuery);
    raw_printf(p->out, "/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n");
    oputz("/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n");
    if( zErr ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "/****** %s ******/\n", zErr);
      oputf("/****** %s ******/\n", zErr);
      sqlite3_free(zErr);
      zErr = 0;
    }
    zQ2 = malloc( len+100 );
    if( zQ2==0 ) return rc;
    sqlite3_snprintf(len+100, zQ2, "%s ORDER BY rowid DESC", zQuery);
    rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zQ2, dump_callback, p, &zErr);
    if( rc ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "/****** ERROR: %s ******/\n", zErr);
      oputf("/****** ERROR: %s ******/\n", zErr);
    }else{
      rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zErr);
    free(zQ2);
  }
  return rc;

        break;
      default:
        hh &= ~HH_Summary;
        break;
      }
      if( ((hw^hh)&HH_Undoc)==0 ){
        if( (hh&HH_Summary)!=0 ){
          utf8_printf(out, ".%s\n", azHelp[i]+1);
          sputf(out, ".%s\n", azHelp[i]+1);
          ++n;
        }else if( (hw&HW_SummaryOnly)==0 ){
          utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
          sputf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
        }
      }
    }
  }else{
    /* Seek documented commands for which zPattern is an exact prefix */
    zPat = sqlite3_mprintf(".%s*", zPattern);
    shell_check_oom(zPat);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
      if( sqlite3_strglob(zPat, azHelp[i])==0 ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
        sputf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
        j = i+1;
        n++;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zPat);
    if( n ){
      if( n==1 ){
        /* when zPattern is a prefix of exactly one command, then include
        ** the details of that command, which should begin at offset j */
        while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j][0]==' ' ){
          utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
          sputf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
          j++;
        }
      }
      return n;
    }
    /* Look for documented commands that contain zPattern anywhere.
    ** Show complete text of all documented commands that match. */
    zPat = sqlite3_mprintf("%%%s%%", zPattern);
    shell_check_oom(zPat);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
      if( azHelp[i][0]==',' ){
        while( i<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[i+1][0]==' ' ) ++i;
        continue;
      }
      if( azHelp[i][0]=='.' ) j = i;
      if( sqlite3_strlike(zPat, azHelp[i], 0)==0 ){
        utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
        sputf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
        while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j+1][0]==' ' ){
          j++;
          utf8_printf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
          sputf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
        }
        i = j;
        n++;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zPat);
  }

  long nIn;
  size_t nRead;
  char *pBuf;
  int rc;
  if( in==0 ) return 0;
  rc = fseek(in, 0, SEEK_END);
  if( rc!=0 ){
    raw_printf(stderr, "Error: '%s' not seekable\n", zName);
    eputf("Error: '%s' not seekable\n", zName);
    fclose(in);
    return 0;
  }
  nIn = ftell(in);
  rewind(in);
  pBuf = sqlite3_malloc64( nIn+1 );
  if( pBuf==0 ){
    raw_printf(stderr, "Error: out of memory\n");
    eputz("Error: out of memory\n");
    fclose(in);
    return 0;
  }
  nRead = fread(pBuf, nIn, 1, in);
  fclose(in);
  if( nRead!=1 ){
    sqlite3_free(pBuf);
    raw_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot read '%s'\n", zName);
    eputf("Error: cannot read '%s'\n", zName);
    return 0;
  }
  pBuf[nIn] = 0;
  if( pnByte ) *pnByte = nIn;
  return pBuf;
}

  FILE *in;
  const char *zDbFilename = p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename;
  unsigned int x[16];
  char zLine[1000];
  if( zDbFilename ){
    in = fopen(zDbFilename, "r");
    if( in==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "cannot open \"%s\" for reading\n", zDbFilename);
      eputf("cannot open \"%s\" for reading\n", zDbFilename);
      return 0;
    }
    nLine = 0;
  }else{
    in = p->in;
    nLine = p->lineno;
    if( in==0 ) in = stdin;
  }
  *pnData = 0;
  nLine++;
  if( fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in)==0 ) goto readHexDb_error;
  rc = sscanf(zLine, "| size %d pagesize %d", &n, &pgsz);
  if( rc!=2 ) goto readHexDb_error;
  if( n<0 ) goto readHexDb_error;
  if( pgsz<512 || pgsz>65536 || (pgsz&(pgsz-1))!=0 ) goto readHexDb_error;
  n = (n+pgsz-1)&~(pgsz-1);  /* Round n up to the next multiple of pgsz */
  a = sqlite3_malloc( n ? n : 1 );
  shell_check_oom(a);
  memset(a, 0, n);
  if( pgsz<512 || pgsz>65536 || (pgsz & (pgsz-1))!=0 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "invalid pagesize\n");
    eputz("invalid pagesize\n");
    goto readHexDb_error;
  }
  for(nLine++; fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in)!=0; nLine++){
    rc = sscanf(zLine, "| page %d offset %d", &j, &k);
    if( rc==2 ){
      iOffset = k;
      continue;

    while( fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), p->in)!=0 ){
      nLine++;
      if(cli_strncmp(zLine, "| end ", 6)==0 ) break;
    }
    p->lineno = nLine;
  }
  sqlite3_free(a);
  utf8_printf(stderr,"Error on line %d of --hexdb input\n", nLine);
  eputf("Error on line %d of --hexdb input\n", nLine);
  return 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE */

/*
** Scalar function "usleep(X)" invokes sqlite3_sleep(X) and returns X.
*/

        sqlite3_open_v2(zDbFilename, &p->db,
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|p->openFlags, 0);
        break;
      }
    }
    globalDb = p->db;
    if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unable to open database \"%s\": %s\n",
          zDbFilename, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: unable to open database \"%s\": %s\n",
            zDbFilename, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      if( (openFlags & OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE)==0 ){
        exit(1);
      }
      sqlite3_close(p->db);
      sqlite3_open(":memory:", &p->db);
      if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
        utf8_printf(stderr,
          "Also: unable to open substitute in-memory database.\n"
        eputz("Also: unable to open substitute in-memory database.\n");
        );
        exit(1);
      }else{
        utf8_printf(stderr,
          "Notice: using substitute in-memory database instead of \"%s\"\n",
          zDbFilename);
        eputf("Notice: using substitute in-memory database instead of \"%s\"\n",
              zDbFilename);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, (int)0, (int*)0);

    /* Reflect the use or absence of --unsafe-testing invocation. */
    {
      int testmode_on = ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode);

      if( aData==0 ){
        return;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_deserialize(p->db, "main", aData, nData, nData,
                   SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE |
                   SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: sqlite3_deserialize() returns %d\n", rc);
        eputf("Error: sqlite3_deserialize() returns %d\n", rc);
      }
      if( p->szMax>0 ){
        sqlite3_file_control(p->db, "main", SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT, &p->szMax);
      }
    }
#endif
  }

/*
** Attempt to close the database connection.  Report errors.
*/
void close_db(sqlite3 *db){
  int rc = sqlite3_close(db);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: sqlite3_close() returns %d: %s\n",
    eputf("Error: sqlite3_close() returns %d: %s\n", rc, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        rc, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
  }
}

#if HAVE_READLINE || HAVE_EDITLINE
/*
** Readline completion callbacks
*/

  if( i>0 && zArg[i]==0 ) return (int)(integerValue(zArg) & 0xffffffff);
  if( sqlite3_stricmp(zArg, "on")==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zArg,"yes")==0 ){
    return 1;
  }
  if( sqlite3_stricmp(zArg, "off")==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zArg,"no")==0 ){
    return 0;
  }
  utf8_printf(stderr, "ERROR: Not a boolean value: \"%s\". Assuming \"no\".\n",
  eputf("ERROR: Not a boolean value: \"%s\". Assuming \"no\".\n", zArg);
          zArg);
  return 0;
}

/*
** Set or clear a shell flag according to a boolean value.
*/
static void setOrClearFlag(ShellState *p, unsigned mFlag, const char *zArg){

  }else if( cli_strcmp(zFile, "stderr")==0 ){
    f = stderr;
  }else if( cli_strcmp(zFile, "off")==0 ){
    f = 0;
  }else{
    f = fopen(zFile, bTextMode ? "w" : "wb");
    if( f==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
      eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
    }
  }
  return f;
}

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
/*

){
  ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  const char *zSql;
  i64 nSql;
  if( p->traceOut==0 ) return 0;
  if( mType==SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE ){
    utf8_printf(p->traceOut, "-- closing database connection\n");
    sputz(p->traceOut, "-- closing database connection\n");
    return 0;
  }
  if( mType!=SQLITE_TRACE_ROW && pX!=0 && ((const char*)pX)[0]=='-' ){
    zSql = (const char*)pX;
  }else{
    pStmt = (sqlite3_stmt*)pP;
    switch( p->eTraceType ){

  if( zSql==0 ) return 0;
  nSql = strlen(zSql);
  if( nSql>1000000000 ) nSql = 1000000000;
  while( nSql>0 && zSql[nSql-1]==';' ){ nSql--; }
  switch( mType ){
    case SQLITE_TRACE_ROW:
    case SQLITE_TRACE_STMT: {
      utf8_printf(p->traceOut, "%.*s;\n", (int)nSql, zSql);
      sputf(p->traceOut, "%.*s;\n", (int)nSql, zSql);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE: {
      sqlite3_int64 nNanosec = pX ? *(sqlite3_int64*)pX : 0;
      utf8_printf(p->traceOut, "%.*s; -- %lld ns\n", (int)nSql, zSql, nNanosec);
      sputf(p->traceOut, "%.*s; -- %lld ns\n", (int)nSql, zSql, nNanosec);
      break;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
#endif

       || (c==EOF && pc==cQuote)
      ){
        do{ p->n--; }while( p->z[p->n]!=cQuote );
        p->cTerm = c;
        break;
      }
      if( pc==cQuote && c!='\r' ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: unescaped %c character\n",
                p->zFile, p->nLine, cQuote);
        eputf("%s:%d: unescaped %c character\n", p->zFile, p->nLine, cQuote);
      }
      if( c==EOF ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: unterminated %c-quoted field\n",
                p->zFile, startLine, cQuote);
        eputf("%s:%d: unterminated %c-quoted field\n",
              p->zFile, startLine, cQuote);
        p->cTerm = c;
        break;
      }
      import_append_char(p, c);
      ppc = pc;
      pc = c;
    }

  int cnt = 0;
  const int spinRate = 10000;

  zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT * FROM \"%w\"", zTable);
  shell_check_oom(zQuery);
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
            sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db),
    eputf("Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
          sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
            zQuery);
    goto end_data_xfer;
  }
  n = sqlite3_column_count(pQuery);
  zInsert = sqlite3_malloc64(200 + nTable + n*3);
  shell_check_oom(zInsert);
  sqlite3_snprintf(200+nTable,zInsert,
                   "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO \"%s\" VALUES(?", zTable);
  i = strlen30(zInsert);
  for(j=1; j<n; j++){
    memcpy(zInsert+i, ",?", 2);
    i += 2;
  }
  memcpy(zInsert+i, ");", 3);
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(newDb, zInsert, -1, &pInsert, 0);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
            sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb),
    eputf("Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
          sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb), zInsert);
            zInsert);
    goto end_data_xfer;
  }
  for(k=0; k<2; k++){
    while( (rc = sqlite3_step(pQuery))==SQLITE_ROW ){
      for(i=0; i<n; i++){
        switch( sqlite3_column_type(pQuery, i) ){
          case SQLITE_NULL: {

                                            SQLITE_STATIC);
            break;
          }
        }
      } /* End for */
      rc = sqlite3_step(pInsert);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_ROW && rc!=SQLITE_DONE ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error %d: %s\n", sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb),
                        sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
        eputf("Error %d: %s\n",
              sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
      }
      sqlite3_reset(pInsert);
      cnt++;
      if( (cnt%spinRate)==0 ){
        printf("%c\b", "|/-\\"[(cnt/spinRate)%4]);
        fflush(stdout);
      }
    } /* End while */
    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) break;
    sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
    sqlite3_free(zQuery);
    zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT * FROM \"%w\" ORDER BY rowid DESC;",
                             zTable);
    shell_check_oom(zQuery);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
    if( rc ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Warning: cannot step \"%s\" backwards", zTable);
      eputf("Warning: cannot step \"%s\" backwards", zTable);
      break;
    }
  } /* End for(k=0...) */

end_data_xfer:
  sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
  sqlite3_finalize(pInsert);

  char *zErrMsg = 0;

  zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_schema"
                           " WHERE %s ORDER BY rowid ASC", zWhere);
  shell_check_oom(zQuery);
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n",
                    sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db),
    eputf("Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n", sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db),
          sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
                    zQuery);
    goto end_schema_xfer;
  }
  while( (rc = sqlite3_step(pQuery))==SQLITE_ROW ){
    zName = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 0);
    zSql = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 1);
    if( zName==0 || zSql==0 ) continue;
    if( sqlite3_stricmp((char*)zName, "sqlite_sequence")!=0 ){
      printf("%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
      sputf(stdout, "%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
      sqlite3_exec(newDb, (const char*)zSql, 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
      if( zErrMsg ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
        eputf("Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
        sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
        zErrMsg = 0;
      }
    }
    if( xForEach ){
      xForEach(p, newDb, (const char*)zName);
    }
    printf("done\n");
    sputz(stdout, "done\n");
  }
  if( rc!=SQLITE_DONE ){
    sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
    sqlite3_free(zQuery);
    zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_schema"
                             " WHERE %s ORDER BY rowid DESC", zWhere);
    shell_check_oom(zQuery);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
    if( rc ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n",
                      sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db),
      eputf("Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n",
            sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
                      zQuery);
      goto end_schema_xfer;
    }
    while( sqlite3_step(pQuery)==SQLITE_ROW ){
      zName = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 0);
      zSql = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 1);
      if( zName==0 || zSql==0 ) continue;
      if( sqlite3_stricmp((char*)zName, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ) continue;
      printf("%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
      sputf(stdout, "%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
      sqlite3_exec(newDb, (const char*)zSql, 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
      if( zErrMsg ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
        eputf("Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
        sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
        zErrMsg = 0;
      }
      if( xForEach ){
        xForEach(p, newDb, (const char*)zName);
      }
      printf("done\n");
      sputz(stdout, "done\n");
    }
  }
end_schema_xfer:
  sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
  sqlite3_free(zQuery);
}

/*
** Open a new database file named "zNewDb".  Try to recover as much information
** as possible out of the main database (which might be corrupt) and write it
** into zNewDb.
*/
static void tryToClone(ShellState *p, const char *zNewDb){
  int rc;
  sqlite3 *newDb = 0;
  if( access(zNewDb,0)==0 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "File \"%s\" already exists.\n", zNewDb);
    eputf("File \"%s\" already exists.\n", zNewDb);
    return;
  }
  rc = sqlite3_open(zNewDb, &newDb);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Cannot create output database: %s\n",
    eputf("Cannot create output database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
            sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
  }else{
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(newDb, "BEGIN EXCLUSIVE;", 0, 0, 0);
    tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type='table'", tryToCloneData);
    tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type!='table'", 0);
    sqlite3_exec(newDb, "COMMIT;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
  }
  close_db(newDb);
}

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
/*
** Change the output stream (file or pipe or console) to something else.
*/
static void output_redir(ShellState *p, FILE *pfNew){
  if( p->out != stdout ) eputz("Output already redirected.\n");
  else{
    p->out = pfNew;
    setOutputStream(pfNew);
  }
}

/*
** Change the output file back to stdout.
**
** If the p->doXdgOpen flag is set, that means the output was being
** redirected to a temporary file named by p->zTempFile.  In that case,
** launch start/open/xdg-open on that temporary file.

      "open";
#else
      "xdg-open";
#endif
      char *zCmd;
      zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf("%s %s", zXdgOpenCmd, p->zTempFile);
      if( system(zCmd) ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Failed: [%s]\n", zCmd);
        eputf("Failed: [%s]\n", zCmd);
      }else{
        /* Give the start/open/xdg-open command some time to get
        ** going before we continue, and potential delete the
        ** p->zTempFile data file out from under it */
        sqlite3_sleep(2000);
      }
      sqlite3_free(zCmd);
      outputModePop(p);
      p->doXdgOpen = 0;
    }
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) */
  }
  p->outfile[0] = 0;
  p->out = stdout;
  setOutputStream(stdout);
}
#else
# define output_redir(SS,pfO)
# define output_reset(SS)
#endif

/*
** Run an SQL command and return the single integer result.
*/
static int db_int(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql){
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
  int res = 0;

  unsigned char aHdr[100];
  open_db(p, 0);
  if( p->db==0 ) return 1;
  rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
             "SELECT data FROM sqlite_dbpage(?1) WHERE pgno=1",
             -1, &pStmt, 0);
  if( rc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
    eputf("error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    return 1;
  }
  sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, zDb, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
  if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW
   && sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt,0)>100
  ){
    const u8 *pb = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt,0);
    shell_check_oom(pb);
    memcpy(aHdr, pb, 100);
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
  }else{
    raw_printf(stderr, "unable to read database header\n");
    eputz("unable to read database header\n");
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    return 1;
  }
  i = get2byteInt(aHdr+16);
  if( i==1 ) i = 65536;
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "database page size:", i);
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "write format:", aHdr[18]);
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "read format:", aHdr[19]);
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "reserved bytes:", aHdr[20]);
  oputf("%-20s %d\n", "database page size:", i);
  oputf("%-20s %d\n", "write format:", aHdr[18]);
  oputf("%-20s %d\n", "read format:", aHdr[19]);
  oputf("%-20s %d\n", "reserved bytes:", aHdr[20]);
  for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aField); i++){
    int ofst = aField[i].ofst;
    unsigned int val = get4byteInt(aHdr + ofst);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %u", aField[i].zName, val);
    oputf("%-20s %u", aField[i].zName, val);
    switch( ofst ){
      case 56: {
        if( val==1 ) raw_printf(p->out, " (utf8)");
        if( val==2 ) raw_printf(p->out, " (utf16le)");
        if( val==3 ) raw_printf(p->out, " (utf16be)");
        if( val==1 ) oputz(" (utf8)");
        if( val==2 ) oputz(" (utf16le)");
        if( val==3 ) oputz(" (utf16be)");
      }
    }
    raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    oputz("\n");
  }
  if( zDb==0 ){
    zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("main.sqlite_schema");
  }else if( cli_strcmp(zDb,"temp")==0 ){
    zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", "sqlite_temp_schema");
  }else{
    zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\".sqlite_schema", zDb);
  }
  for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aQuery); i++){
    char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(aQuery[i].zSql, zSchemaTab);
    int val = db_int(p->db, zSql);
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", aQuery[i].zName, val);
    oputf("%-20s %d\n", aQuery[i].zName, val);
  }
  sqlite3_free(zSchemaTab);
  sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION, &iDataVersion);
  utf8_printf(p->out, "%-20s %u\n", "data version", iDataVersion);
  oputf("%-20s %u\n", "data version", iDataVersion);
  return 0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER */

/*
** Print the current sqlite3_errmsg() value to stderr and return 1.
*/
static int shellDatabaseError(sqlite3 *db){
  const char *zErr = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
  utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", zErr);
  eputf("Error: %s\n", zErr);
  return 1;
}

/*
** Compare the pattern in zGlob[] against the text in z[].  Return TRUE
** if they match and FALSE (0) if they do not match.
**

*/
static int lintFkeyIndexes(
  ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
  char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
  int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
){
  sqlite3 *db = pState->db;       /* Database handle to query "main" db of */
  FILE *out = pState->out;        /* Stream to write non-error output to */
  int bVerbose = 0;               /* If -verbose is present */
  int bGroupByParent = 0;         /* If -groupbyparent is present */
  int i;                          /* To iterate through azArg[] */
  const char *zIndent = "";       /* How much to indent CREATE INDEX by */
  int rc;                         /* Return code */
  sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;         /* Compiled version of SQL statement below */

      bVerbose = 1;
    }
    else if( n>1 && sqlite3_strnicmp("-groupbyparent", azArg[i], n)==0 ){
      bGroupByParent = 1;
      zIndent = "    ";
    }
    else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: %s %s ?-verbose? ?-groupbyparent?\n",
      eputf("Usage: %s %s ?-verbose? ?-groupbyparent?\n", azArg[0], azArg[1]);
          azArg[0], azArg[1]
      );
      return SQLITE_ERROR;
    }
  }

  /* Register the fkey_collate_clause() SQL function */
  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "fkey_collate_clause", 4, SQLITE_UTF8,
      0, shellFkeyCollateClause, 0, 0

        res = zPlan!=0 && (  0==sqlite3_strglob(zGlob, zPlan)
                          || 0==sqlite3_strglob(zGlobIPK, zPlan));
      }
      rc = sqlite3_finalize(pExplain);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;

      if( res<0 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Error: internal error");
        eputz("Error: internal error");
        break;
      }else{
        if( bGroupByParent
        && (bVerbose || res==0)
        && (zPrev==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zParent, zPrev))
        ){
          raw_printf(out, "-- Parent table %s\n", zParent);
          oputf("-- Parent table %s\n", zParent);
          sqlite3_free(zPrev);
          zPrev = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zParent);
        }

        if( res==0 ){
          raw_printf(out, "%s%s --> %s\n", zIndent, zCI, zTarget);
          oputf("%s%s --> %s\n", zIndent, zCI, zTarget);
        }else if( bVerbose ){
          raw_printf(out, "%s/* no extra indexes required for %s -> %s */\n",
              zIndent, zFrom, zTarget
          oputf("%s/* no extra indexes required for %s -> %s */\n",
                zIndent, zFrom, zTarget
          );
        }
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zPrev);

    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      eputf("%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    }

    rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pSql);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && rc2!=SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = rc2;
      raw_printf(stderr, "%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      eputf("%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    }
  }else{
    raw_printf(stderr, "%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    eputf("%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** Implementation of ".lint" dot command.
*/
static int lintDotCommand(
  ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
  char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
  int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
){
  int n;
  n = (nArg>=2 ? strlen30(azArg[1]) : 0);
  if( n<1 || sqlite3_strnicmp(azArg[1], "fkey-indexes", n) ) goto usage;
  return lintFkeyIndexes(pState, azArg, nArg);

 usage:
  raw_printf(stderr, "Usage %s sub-command ?switches...?\n", azArg[0]);
  raw_printf(stderr, "Where sub-commands are:\n");
  raw_printf(stderr, "    fkey-indexes\n");
  eputf("Usage %s sub-command ?switches...?\n", azArg[0]);
  eputz("Where sub-commands are:\n");
  eputz("    fkey-indexes\n");
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

#if !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
static void shellPrepare(
  sqlite3 *db,
  int *pRc,
  const char *zSql,
  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt
){
  *ppStmt = 0;
  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
    int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, ppStmt, 0);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "sql error: %s (%d)\n",
          sqlite3_errmsg(db), sqlite3_errcode(db)
      eputf("sql error: %s (%d)\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db), sqlite3_errcode(db));
      );
      *pRc = rc;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Create a prepared statement using printf-style arguments for the SQL.

  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt
){
  if( pStmt ){
    sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
    int rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        eputf("SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      }
      *pRc = rc;
    }
  }
}

/* Reset the prepared statement created using shellPreparePrintf().
**
** This routine is could be marked "static".  But it is not always used,
** depending on compile-time options.  By omitting the "static", we avoid
** nuisance compiler warnings about "defined but not used".
*/
void shellReset(
  int *pRc,
  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt
){
  int rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
      raw_printf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
      eputf("SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    }
    *pRc = rc;
  }
}
#endif /* !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)

*/
static int arErrorMsg(ArCommand *pAr, const char *zFmt, ...){
  va_list ap;
  char *z;
  va_start(ap, zFmt);
  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
  va_end(ap);
  utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", z);
  eputf("Error: %s\n", z);
  if( pAr->fromCmdLine ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Use \"-A\" for more help\n");
    eputz("Use \"-A\" for more help\n");
  }else{
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Use \".archive --help\" for more help\n");
    eputz("Use \".archive --help\" for more help\n");
  }
  sqlite3_free(z);
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

/*
** Values for ArCommand.eCmd.

    { "dryrun",    'n', AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN,    0 },
    { "glob",      'g', AR_SWITCH_GLOB,      0 },
  };
  int nSwitch = sizeof(aSwitch) / sizeof(struct ArSwitch);
  struct ArSwitch *pEnd = &aSwitch[nSwitch];

  if( nArg<=1 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Wrong number of arguments.  Usage:\n");
    eputz("Wrong number of arguments.  Usage:\n");
    return arUsage(stderr);
  }else{
    char *z = azArg[1];
    if( z[0]!='-' ){
      /* Traditional style [tar] invocation */
      int i;
      int iArg = 2;

          }
          if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pMatch->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if( pAr->eCmd==0 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Required argument missing.  Usage:\n");
    eputz("Required argument missing.  Usage:\n");
    return arUsage(stderr);
  }
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** This function assumes that all arguments within the ArCommand.azArg[]

      z[n] = '\0';
      sqlite3_bind_text(pTest, j, z, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
      if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pTest) ){
        bOk = 1;
      }
      shellReset(&rc, pTest);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bOk==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "not found in archive: %s\n", z);
        eputf("not found in archive: %s\n", z);
        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
      }
    }
    shellFinalize(&rc, pTest);
  }
  return rc;
}

  rc = arCheckEntries(pAr);
  arWhereClause(&rc, pAr, &zWhere);

  shellPreparePrintf(pAr->db, &rc, &pSql, zSql, azCols[pAr->bVerbose],
                     pAr->zSrcTable, zWhere);
  if( pAr->bDryRun ){
    utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
    oputf("%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
  }else{
    while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
      if( pAr->bVerbose ){
        utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s % 10d  %s  %s\n",
            sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0),
        oputf("%s % 10d  %s  %s\n",
              sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0), sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 1),
            sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 1),
            sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 2),
              sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 2),sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 3));
            sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 3)
        );
      }else{
        utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
        oputf("%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
      }
    }
  }
  shellFinalize(&rc, pSql);
  sqlite3_free(zWhere);
  return rc;
}


/*
** Implementation of .ar "Remove" command.
*/
static int arRemoveCommand(ArCommand *pAr){
  int rc = 0;
  char *zSql = 0;
  char *zWhere = 0;

  if( pAr->nArg ){
    /* Verify that args actually exist within the archive before proceeding.
    ** And formulate a WHERE clause to match them.  */
    rc = arCheckEntries(pAr);
    arWhereClause(&rc, pAr, &zWhere);
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s;",
                           pAr->zSrcTable, zWhere);
    if( pAr->bDryRun ){
      utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
      oputf("%s\n", zSql);
    }else{
      char *zErr = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "SAVEPOINT ar;", 0, 0, 0);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
          sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "ROLLBACK TO ar; RELEASE ar;", 0, 0, 0);
        }else{
          rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "RELEASE ar;", 0, 0, 0);
        }
      }
      if( zErr ){
        utf8_printf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr);
        sputf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr); /* stdout? */
        sqlite3_free(zErr);
      }
    }
  }
  sqlite3_free(zWhere);
  sqlite3_free(zSql);
  return rc;

    ** only for the directories. This is because the timestamps for
    ** extracted directories must be reset after they are populated (as
    ** populating them changes the timestamp).  */
    for(i=0; i<2; i++){
      j = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pSql, "$dirOnly");
      sqlite3_bind_int(pSql, j, i);
      if( pAr->bDryRun ){
        utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
        oputf("%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
      }else{
        while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
          if( i==0 && pAr->bVerbose ){
            utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
            oputf("%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
          }
        }
      }
      shellReset(&rc, pSql);
    }
    shellFinalize(&rc, pSql);
  }

  sqlite3_free(zDir);
  sqlite3_free(zWhere);
  return rc;
}

/*
** Run the SQL statement in zSql.  Or if doing a --dryrun, merely print it out.
*/
static int arExecSql(ArCommand *pAr, const char *zSql){
  int rc;
  if( pAr->bDryRun ){
    utf8_printf(pAr->p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
    oputf("%s\n", zSql);
    rc = SQLITE_OK;
  }else{
    char *zErr = 0;
    rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
    if( zErr ){
      utf8_printf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr);
      sputf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr);
      sqlite3_free(zErr);
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

           || cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_REMOVE || cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_UPDATE ){
        flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
      }else{
        flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
      }
      cmd.db = 0;
      if( cmd.bDryRun ){
        utf8_printf(pState->out, "-- open database '%s'%s\n", cmd.zFile,
             eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS ? " using 'apndvfs'" : "");
        oputf("-- open database '%s'%s\n", cmd.zFile,
              eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS ? " using 'apndvfs'" : "");
      }
      rc = sqlite3_open_v2(cmd.zFile, &cmd.db, flags,
             eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS ? "apndvfs" : 0);
      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "cannot open file: %s (%s)\n",
            cmd.zFile, sqlite3_errmsg(cmd.db)
        eputf("cannot open file: %s (%s)\n", cmd.zFile, sqlite3_errmsg(cmd.db));
        );
        goto end_ar_command;
      }
      sqlite3_fileio_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_sqlar_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_create_function(cmd.db, "shell_putsnl", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, cmd.p,
                              shellPutsFunc, 0, 0);

    }
    if( cmd.zSrcTable==0 && cmd.bZip==0 && cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_HELP ){
      if( cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_CREATE
       && sqlite3_table_column_metadata(cmd.db,0,"sqlar","name",0,0,0,0,0)
      ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "database does not contain an 'sqlar' table\n");
        eputz("database does not contain an 'sqlar' table\n");
        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
        goto end_ar_command;
      }
      cmd.zSrcTable = sqlite3_mprintf("sqlar");
    }

    switch( cmd.eCmd ){

/*
** This function is used as a callback by the recover extension. Simply
** print the supplied SQL statement to stdout.
*/
static int recoverSqlCb(void *pCtx, const char *zSql){
  ShellState *pState = (ShellState*)pCtx;
  utf8_printf(pState->out, "%s;\n", zSql);
  sputf(pState->out, "%s;\n", zSql);
  return SQLITE_OK;
}

/*
** This function is called to recover data from the database. A script
** to construct a new database containing all recovered data is output
** on stream pState->out.

      i++;
      zLAF = azArg[i];
    }else
    if( n<=10 && memcmp("-no-rowids", z, n)==0 ){
      bRowids = 0;
    }
    else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "unexpected option: %s\n", azArg[i]);
      eputf("unexpected option: %s\n", azArg[i]);
      showHelp(pState->out, azArg[0]);
      return 1;
    }
  }

  p = sqlite3_recover_init_sql(
      pState->db, "main", recoverSqlCb, (void*)pState
  );

  sqlite3_recover_config(p, 789, (void*)zRecoveryDb);  /* Debug use only */
  sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND, (void*)zLAF);
  sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS, (void*)&bRowids);
  sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT,(void*)&bFreelist);

  sqlite3_recover_run(p);
  if( sqlite3_recover_errcode(p)!=SQLITE_OK ){
    const char *zErr = sqlite3_recover_errmsg(p);
    int errCode = sqlite3_recover_errcode(p);
    raw_printf(stderr, "sql error: %s (%d)\n", zErr, errCode);
    eputf("sql error: %s (%d)\n", zErr, errCode);
  }
  rc = sqlite3_recover_finish(p);
  return rc;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER */

 * done if renaming was necessary, or set to 0 if none was done. The out
 * string (if any) must be sqlite3_free()'ed by the caller.
 */
#ifdef SHELL_DEBUG
#define rc_err_oom_die(rc) \
  if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) shell_check_oom(0); \
  else if(!(rc==SQLITE_OK||rc==SQLITE_DONE)) \
    fprintf(stderr,"E:%d\n",rc), assert(0)
    eputf("E:%d\n",rc), assert(0)
#else
static void rc_err_oom_die(int rc){
  if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) shell_check_oom(0);
  assert(rc==SQLITE_OK||rc==SQLITE_DONE);
}
#endif

    if( *pDb==0 ){
      if( SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_open(zCOL_DB, pDb) ) return 0;
#ifdef SHELL_COLFIX_DB
      if(*zCOL_DB!=':')
        sqlite3_exec(*pDb,"drop table if exists ColNames;"
                     "drop view if exists RepeatedNames;",0,0,0);
#endif
#undef SHELL_COLFIX_DB
      rc = sqlite3_exec(*pDb, zTabMake, 0, 0, 0);
      rc_err_oom_die(rc);
    }
    assert(*pDb!=0);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(*pDb, zTabFill, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    rc_err_oom_die(rc);
    rc = sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, zColNew, -1, 0);

  n = strlen30(azArg[0]);
  c = azArg[0][0];
  clearTempFile(p);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
  if( c=='a' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "auth", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg!=2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .auth ON|OFF\n");
      eputz("Usage: .auth ON|OFF\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
      sqlite3_set_authorizer(p->db, shellAuth, p);
    }else if( p->bSafeModePersist ){

        if( cli_strcmp(z, "-append")==0 ){
          zVfs = "apndvfs";
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(z, "-async")==0 ){
          bAsync = 1;
        }else
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr, "unknown option: %s\n", azArg[j]);
          eputf("unknown option: %s\n", azArg[j]);
          return 1;
        }
      }else if( zDestFile==0 ){
        zDestFile = azArg[j];
      }else if( zDb==0 ){
        zDb = zDestFile;
        zDestFile = azArg[j];
      }else{
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .backup ?DB? ?OPTIONS? FILENAME\n");
        eputz("Usage: .backup ?DB? ?OPTIONS? FILENAME\n");
        return 1;
      }
    }
    if( zDestFile==0 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "missing FILENAME argument on .backup\n");
      eputz("missing FILENAME argument on .backup\n");
      return 1;
    }
    if( zDb==0 ) zDb = "main";
    rc = sqlite3_open_v2(zDestFile, &pDest,
                  SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, zVfs);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zDestFile);
      eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zDestFile);
      close_db(pDest);
      return 1;
    }
    if( bAsync ){
      sqlite3_exec(pDest, "PRAGMA synchronous=OFF; PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF;",
                   0, 0, 0);
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(pDest, "main", p->db, zDb);
    if( pBackup==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      close_db(pDest);
      return 1;
    }
    while(  (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK ){}
    sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
      rc = 0;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(pDest));
      rc = 1;
    }
    close_db(pDest);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "bail", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      bail_on_error = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .bail on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .bail on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  /* Undocumented.  Legacy only.  See "crnl" below */
  if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "binary", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
        setBinaryMode(p->out, 1);
      }else{
        setTextMode(p->out, 1);
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "The \".binary\" command is deprecated."
      eputz("The \".binary\" command is deprecated. Use \".crnl\" instead.\n"
                         " Use \".crnl\" instead.\n");
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .binary on|off\n");
            "Usage: .binary on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  /* The undocumented ".breakpoint" command causes a call to the no-op
  ** routine named test_breakpoint().
  */

      wchar_t *z = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(azArg[1]);
      rc = !SetCurrentDirectoryW(z);
      sqlite3_free(z);
#else
      rc = chdir(azArg[1]);
#endif
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Cannot change to directory \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        eputf("Cannot change to directory \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .cd DIRECTORY\n");
      eputz("Usage: .cd DIRECTORY\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='c' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "changes", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      setOrClearFlag(p, SHFLG_CountChanges, azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .changes on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .changes on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  /* Cancel output redirection, if it is currently set (by .testcase)
  ** Then read the content of the testcase-out.txt file and compare against
  ** azArg[1].  If there are differences, report an error and exit.
  */
  if( c=='c' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "check", n)==0 ){
    char *zRes = 0;
    output_reset(p);
    if( nArg!=2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .check GLOB-PATTERN\n");
      eputz("Usage: .check GLOB-PATTERN\n");
      rc = 2;
    }else if( (zRes = readFile("testcase-out.txt", 0))==0 ){
      rc = 2;
    }else if( testcase_glob(azArg[1],zRes)==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,
                 "testcase-%s FAILED\n Expected: [%s]\n      Got: [%s]\n",
                 p->zTestcase, azArg[1], zRes);
      eputf("testcase-%s FAILED\n Expected: [%s]\n      Got: [%s]\n",
            p->zTestcase, azArg[1], zRes);
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stdout, "testcase-%s ok\n", p->zTestcase);
      oputf("testcase-%s ok\n", p->zTestcase);
      p->nCheck++;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zRes);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  if( c=='c' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "clone", n)==0 ){
    failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .clone in safe mode");
    if( nArg==2 ){
      tryToClone(p, azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .clone FILENAME\n");
      eputz("Usage: .clone FILENAME\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='c' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "connection", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==1 ){
      /* List available connections */
      int i;
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(p->aAuxDb); i++){
        const char *zFile = p->aAuxDb[i].zDbFilename;
        if( p->aAuxDb[i].db==0 && p->pAuxDb!=&p->aAuxDb[i] ){
          zFile = "(not open)";
        }else if( zFile==0 ){
          zFile = "(memory)";
        }else if( zFile[0]==0 ){
          zFile = "(temporary-file)";
        }
        if( p->pAuxDb == &p->aAuxDb[i] ){
          utf8_printf(stdout, "ACTIVE %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
          sputf(stdout, "ACTIVE %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
        }else if( p->aAuxDb[i].db!=0 ){
          utf8_printf(stdout, "       %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
          sputf(stdout, "       %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
        }
      }
    }else if( nArg==2 && IsDigit(azArg[1][0]) && azArg[1][1]==0 ){
      int i = azArg[1][0] - '0';
      if( p->pAuxDb != &p->aAuxDb[i] && i>=0 && i<ArraySize(p->aAuxDb) ){
        p->pAuxDb->db = p->db;
        p->pAuxDb = &p->aAuxDb[i];
        globalDb = p->db = p->pAuxDb->db;
        p->pAuxDb->db = 0;
      }
    }else if( nArg==3 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "close")==0
           && IsDigit(azArg[2][0]) && azArg[2][1]==0 ){
      int i = azArg[2][0] - '0';
      if( i<0 || i>=ArraySize(p->aAuxDb) ){
        /* No-op */
      }else if( p->pAuxDb == &p->aAuxDb[i] ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "cannot close the active database connection\n");
        eputz("cannot close the active database connection\n");
        rc = 1;
      }else if( p->aAuxDb[i].db ){
        session_close_all(p, i);
        close_db(p->aAuxDb[i].db);
        p->aAuxDb[i].db = 0;
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .connection [close] [CONNECTION-NUMBER]\n");
      eputz("Usage: .connection [close] [CONNECTION-NUMBER]\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='c' && n==4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "crnl", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
        setTextMode(p->out, 1);
      }else{
        setBinaryMode(p->out, 1);
      }
    }else{
#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
      raw_printf(stderr, "The \".crnl\" is a no-op on non-Windows machines.\n");
      eputz("The \".crnl\" is a no-op on non-Windows machines.\n");
#endif
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .crnl on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .crnl on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='d' && n>1 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "databases", n)==0 ){
    char **azName = 0;
    int nName = 0;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
    int i;
    open_db(p, 0);
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pStmt, 0);
    if( rc ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
        const char *zSchema = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1);
        const char *zFile = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
        if( zSchema==0 || zFile==0 ) continue;
        azName = sqlite3_realloc(azName, (nName+1)*2*sizeof(char*));
        shell_check_oom(azName);
        azName[nName*2] = strdup(zSchema);
        azName[nName*2+1] = strdup(zFile);
        nName++;
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    for(i=0; i<nName; i++){
      int eTxn = sqlite3_txn_state(p->db, azName[i*2]);
      int bRdonly = sqlite3_db_readonly(p->db, azName[i*2]);
      const char *z = azName[i*2+1];
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s: %s %s%s\n",
      oputf("%s: %s %s%s\n",
         azName[i*2],
         z && z[0] ? z : "\"\"",
         bRdonly ? "r/o" : "r/w",
         eTxn==SQLITE_TXN_NONE ? "" :
            azName[i*2], z && z[0] ? z : "\"\"", bRdonly ? "r/o" : "r/w",
            eTxn==SQLITE_TXN_NONE ? "" :
            eTxn==SQLITE_TXN_READ ? " read-txn" : " write-txn");
      free(azName[i*2]);
      free(azName[i*2+1]);
    }
    sqlite3_free(azName);
  }else

    open_db(p, 0);
    for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aDbConfig); ii++){
      if( nArg>1 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1], aDbConfig[ii].zName)!=0 ) continue;
      if( nArg>=3 ){
        sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, booleanValue(azArg[2]), 0);
      }
      sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, -1, &v);
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%19s %s\n", aDbConfig[ii].zName, v ? "on" : "off");
      oputf("%19s %s\n", aDbConfig[ii].zName, v ? "on" : "off");
      if( nArg>1 ) break;
    }
    if( nArg>1 && ii==ArraySize(aDbConfig) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: unknown dbconfig \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Enter \".dbconfig\" with no arguments for a list\n");
      eputf("Error: unknown dbconfig \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      eputz("Enter \".dbconfig\" with no arguments for a list\n");
    }
  }else

#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
  if( c=='d' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "dbinfo", n)==0 ){
    rc = shell_dbinfo_command(p, nArg, azArg);
  }else

       |SHFLG_DumpDataOnly|SHFLG_DumpNoSys);
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      if( azArg[i][0]=='-' ){
        const char *z = azArg[i]+1;
        if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"preserve-rowids")==0 ){
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
          raw_printf(stderr, "The --preserve-rowids option is not compatible"
                             " with SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE\n");
          eputz("The --preserve-rowids option is not compatible"
                " with SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE\n");
          rc = 1;
          sqlite3_free(zLike);
          goto meta_command_exit;
#else
          ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_PreserveRowid);
#endif
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"newlines")==0 ){
          ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines);
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"data-only")==0 ){
          ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_DumpDataOnly);
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"nosys")==0 ){
          ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_DumpNoSys);
        }else
        {
          raw_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \".dump\"\n", azArg[i]);
          eputf("Unknown option \"%s\" on \".dump\"\n", azArg[i]);
          rc = 1;
          sqlite3_free(zLike);
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else{
        /* azArg[i] contains a LIKE pattern. This ".dump" request should
        ** only dump data for tables for which either the table name matches

    open_db(p, 0);

    if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)==0 ){
      /* When playing back a "dump", the content might appear in an order
      ** which causes immediate foreign key constraints to be violated.
      ** So disable foreign-key constraint enforcement to prevent problems. */
      raw_printf(p->out, "PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;\n");
      raw_printf(p->out, "BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n");
      oputz("PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;\n");
      oputz("BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n");
    }
    p->writableSchema = 0;
    p->showHeader = 0;
    /* Set writable_schema=ON since doing so forces SQLite to initialize
    ** as much of the schema as it can even if the sqlite_schema table is
    ** corrupt. */
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "SAVEPOINT dump; PRAGMA writable_schema=ON", 0, 0, 0);

        zLike
      );
      run_table_dump_query(p, zSql);
      sqlite3_free(zSql);
    }
    sqlite3_free(zLike);
    if( p->writableSchema ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;\n");
      oputz("PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;\n");
      p->writableSchema = 0;
    }
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
    sqlite3_exec(p->db, "RELEASE dump;", 0, 0, 0);
    if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)==0 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, p->nErr?"ROLLBACK; -- due to errors\n":"COMMIT;\n");
      oputz(p->nErr?"ROLLBACK; -- due to errors\n":"COMMIT;\n");
    }
    p->showHeader = savedShowHeader;
    p->shellFlgs = savedShellFlags;
  }else

  if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "echo", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      setOrClearFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo, azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .echo on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .echo on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "eqp", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      p->autoEQPtest = 0;

        sqlite3_exec(p->db, "SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema LIMIT 1", 0, 0, 0);
        sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA vdbe_trace=ON;", 0, 0, 0);
#endif
      }else{
        p->autoEQP = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .eqp off|on|trace|trigger|full\n");
      eputz("Usage: .eqp off|on|trace|trigger|full\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "exit", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg>1 && (rc = (int)integerValue(azArg[1]))!=0 ) exit(rc);

      p->autoExplain = 1;
    }
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "expert", n)==0 ){
    if( p->bSafeMode ){
      raw_printf(stderr,
        "Cannot run experimental commands such as \"%s\" in safe mode\n",
        azArg[0]);
      eputf("Cannot run experimental commands such as \"%s\" in safe mode\n",
            azArg[0]);
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      open_db(p, 0);
      expertDotCommand(p, azArg, nArg);
    }
  }else
#endif

    if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ){
      zCmd++;
      if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ) zCmd++;
    }

    /* --help lists all file-controls */
    if( cli_strcmp(zCmd,"help")==0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Available file-controls:\n");
      oputz("Available file-controls:\n");
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "  .filectrl %s %s\n",
                    aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
        oputf("  .filectrl %s %s\n", aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
      }
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }

    /* convert filectrl text option to value. allow any unique prefix
    ** of the option name, or a numerical value. */
    n2 = strlen30(zCmd);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
      if( cli_strncmp(zCmd, aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, n2)==0 ){
        if( filectrl<0 ){
          filectrl = aCtrl[i].ctrlCode;
          iCtrl = i;
        }else{
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: ambiguous file-control: \"%s\"\n"
                              "Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
          eputf("Error: ambiguous file-control: \"%s\"\n"
                "Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }
    }
    if( filectrl<0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unknown file-control: %s\n"
                         "Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
      eputf("Error: unknown file-control: %s\n"
            "Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
    }else{
      switch(filectrl){
        case SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT: {
          if( nArg!=2 && nArg!=3 ) break;
          iRes = nArg==3 ? integerValue(azArg[2]) : -1;
          sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT, &iRes);
          isOk = 1;

          break;
        }
        case SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME: {
          char *z = 0;
          if( nArg!=2 ) break;
          sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &z);
          if( z ){
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", z);
            oputf("%s\n", z);
            sqlite3_free(z);
          }
          isOk = 2;
          break;
        }
        case SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES: {
          int x;
          if( nArg>=3 ){
            x = atoi(azArg[2]);
            sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
          }
          x = -1;
          sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
          utf8_printf(p->out,"%d\n", x);
          oputf("%d\n", x);
          isOk = 2;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Usage: .filectrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      oputf("Usage: .filectrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      rc = 1;
    }else if( isOk==1 ){
      char zBuf[100];
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%lld", iRes);
      raw_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zBuf);
      oputf("%s\n", zBuf);
    }
  }else

  if( c=='f' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "fullschema", n)==0 ){
    ShellState data;
    int doStats = 0;
    memcpy(&data, p, sizeof(data));
    data.showHeader = 0;
    data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Semi;
    if( nArg==2 && optionMatch(azArg[1], "indent") ){
      data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Pretty;
      nArg = 1;
    }
    if( nArg!=1 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .fullschema ?--indent?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .fullschema ?--indent?\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db,
       "SELECT sql FROM"
       "  (SELECT sql sql, type type, tbl_name tbl_name, name name, rowid x"

               -1, &pStmt, 0);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        doStats = sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW;
        sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      }
    }
    if( doStats==0 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "/* No STAT tables available */\n");
      oputz("/* No STAT tables available */\n");
    }else{
      raw_printf(p->out, "ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
      oputz("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
      data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Insert;
      data.zDestTable = "sqlite_stat1";
      shell_exec(&data, "SELECT * FROM sqlite_stat1", 0);
      data.zDestTable = "sqlite_stat4";
      shell_exec(&data, "SELECT * FROM sqlite_stat4", 0);
      raw_printf(p->out, "ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
      oputz("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n");
    }
  }else

  if( c=='h' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "headers", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      p->showHeader = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
      p->shellFlgs |= SHFLG_HeaderSet;
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .headers on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .headers on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='h' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "help", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg>=2 ){
      n = showHelp(p->out, azArg[1]);
      if( n==0 ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "Nothing matches '%s'\n", azArg[1]);
        oputf("Nothing matches '%s'\n", azArg[1]);
      }
    }else{
      showHelp(p->out, 0);
    }
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE

      if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
      if( z[0]!='-' ){
        if( zFile==0 ){
          zFile = z;
        }else if( zTable==0 ){
          zTable = z;
        }else{
          utf8_printf(p->out, "ERROR: extra argument: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", z);
          oputf("ERROR: extra argument: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", z);
          showHelp(p->out, "import");
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
        eVerbose++;
      }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-schema")==0 && i<nArg-1 ){
        zSchema = azArg[++i];
      }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-skip")==0 && i<nArg-1 ){
        nSkip = integerValue(azArg[++i]);
      }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-ascii")==0 ){
        sCtx.cColSep = SEP_Unit[0];
        sCtx.cRowSep = SEP_Record[0];
        xRead = ascii_read_one_field;
        useOutputMode = 0;
      }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-csv")==0 ){
        sCtx.cColSep = ',';
        sCtx.cRowSep = '\n';
        xRead = csv_read_one_field;
        useOutputMode = 0;
      }else{
        utf8_printf(p->out, "ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", z);
        oputf("ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", z);
        showHelp(p->out, "import");
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    if( zTable==0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "ERROR: missing %s argument. Usage:\n",
                  zFile==0 ? "FILE" : "TABLE");
      oputf("ERROR: missing %s argument. Usage:\n",
            zFile==0 ? "FILE" : "TABLE");
      showHelp(p->out, "import");
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    seenInterrupt = 0;
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( useOutputMode ){
      /* If neither the --csv or --ascii options are specified, then set
      ** the column and row separator characters from the output mode. */
      nSep = strlen30(p->colSeparator);
      if( nSep==0 ){
        raw_printf(stderr,
                   "Error: non-null column separator required for import\n");
        eputz("Error: non-null column separator required for import\n");
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      if( nSep>1 ){
        raw_printf(stderr,
              "Error: multi-character column separators not allowed"
        eputz("Error: multi-character column separators not allowed"
              " for import\n");
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      nSep = strlen30(p->rowSeparator);
      if( nSep==0 ){
        raw_printf(stderr,
            "Error: non-null row separator required for import\n");
        eputz("Error: non-null row separator required for import\n");
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      if( nSep==2 && p->mode==MODE_Csv
       && cli_strcmp(p->rowSeparator,SEP_CrLf)==0
      ){
        /* When importing CSV (only), if the row separator is set to the
        ** default output row separator, change it to the default input
        ** row separator.  This avoids having to maintain different input
        ** and output row separators. */
        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
        nSep = strlen30(p->rowSeparator);
      }
      if( nSep>1 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Error: multi-character row separators not allowed"
                           " for import\n");
        eputz("Error: multi-character row separators not allowed"
              " for import\n");
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      sCtx.cColSep = (u8)p->colSeparator[0];
      sCtx.cRowSep = (u8)p->rowSeparator[0];
    }
    sCtx.zFile = zFile;
    sCtx.nLine = 1;
    if( sCtx.zFile[0]=='|' ){
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      goto meta_command_exit;
#else
      sCtx.in = popen(sCtx.zFile+1, "r");
      sCtx.zFile = "<pipe>";
      sCtx.xCloser = pclose;
#endif
    }else{
      sCtx.in = fopen(sCtx.zFile, "rb");
      sCtx.xCloser = fclose;
    }
    if( sCtx.in==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
      eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    if( eVerbose>=2 || (eVerbose>=1 && useOutputMode) ){
      char zSep[2];
      zSep[1] = 0;
      zSep[0] = sCtx.cColSep;
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Column separator ");
      output_c_string(p->out, zSep);
      utf8_printf(p->out, ", row separator ");
      oputz("Column separator ");
      output_c_string(zSep);
      oputz(", row separator ");
      zSep[0] = sCtx.cRowSep;
      output_c_string(p->out, zSep);
      utf8_printf(p->out, "\n");
      output_c_string(zSep);
      oputz("\n");
    }
    sCtx.z = sqlite3_malloc64(120);
    if( sCtx.z==0 ){
      import_cleanup(&sCtx);
      shell_out_of_memory();
    }
    /* Below, resources must be freed before exit. */

      zCreate = sqlite3_mprintf("CREATE TABLE %s", zFullTabName);
      while( xRead(&sCtx) ){
        zAutoColumn(sCtx.z, &dbCols, 0);
        if( sCtx.cTerm!=sCtx.cColSep ) break;
      }
      zColDefs = zAutoColumn(0, &dbCols, &zRenames);
      if( zRenames!=0 ){
        utf8_printf((stdin_is_interactive && p->in==stdin)? p->out : stderr,
                    "Columns renamed during .import %s due to duplicates:\n"
                    "%s\n", sCtx.zFile, zRenames);
        sputf((stdin_is_interactive && p->in==stdin)? p->out : stderr,
              "Columns renamed during .import %s due to duplicates:\n"
              "%s\n", sCtx.zFile, zRenames);
        sqlite3_free(zRenames);
      }
      assert(dbCols==0);
      if( zColDefs==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr,"%s: empty file\n", sCtx.zFile);
        eputf("%s: empty file\n", sCtx.zFile);
      import_fail:
        sqlite3_free(zCreate);
        sqlite3_free(zSql);
        sqlite3_free(zFullTabName);
        import_cleanup(&sCtx);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      zCreate = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%z\n", zCreate, zColDefs);
      if( eVerbose>=1 ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zCreate);
        oputf("%s\n", zCreate);
      }
      rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zCreate, 0, 0, 0);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "%s failed:\n%s\n", zCreate, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
        eputf("%s failed:\n%s\n", zCreate, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
        goto import_fail;
      }
      sqlite3_free(zCreate);
      zCreate = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    }
    if( rc ){
      if (pStmt) sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      goto import_fail;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    pStmt = 0;
    if( nCol==0 ) return 0; /* no columns, no error */

    for(i=1; i<nCol; i++){
      zSql[j++] = ',';
      zSql[j++] = '?';
    }
    zSql[j++] = ')';
    zSql[j] = 0;
    if( eVerbose>=2 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Insert using: %s\n", zSql);
      oputf("Insert using: %s\n", zSql);
    }
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
    if( rc ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      if (pStmt) sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      goto import_fail;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
    sqlite3_free(zFullTabName);
    needCommit = sqlite3_get_autocommit(p->db);
    if( needCommit ) sqlite3_exec(p->db, "BEGIN", 0, 0, 0);

        ** (If there are too few fields, it's not valid CSV anyway.)
        */
        if( z==0 && (xRead==csv_read_one_field) && i==nCol-1 && i>0 ){
          z = "";
        }
        sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, i+1, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
        if( i<nCol-1 && sCtx.cTerm!=sCtx.cColSep ){
          utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d - "
                          "filling the rest with NULL\n",
                          sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i+1);
          eputf("%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d"
                " - filling the rest with NULL\n",
                sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i+1);
          i += 2;
          while( i<=nCol ){ sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, i); i++; }
        }
      }
      if( sCtx.cTerm==sCtx.cColSep ){
        do{
          xRead(&sCtx);
          i++;
        }while( sCtx.cTerm==sCtx.cColSep );
        utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d - "
        eputf("%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d - extras ignored\n",
                        "extras ignored\n",
                        sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i);
              sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i);
      }
      if( i>=nCol ){
        sqlite3_step(pStmt);
        rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
          utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: INSERT failed: %s\n", sCtx.zFile,
                      startLine, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
          eputf("%s:%d: INSERT failed: %s\n",
                sCtx.zFile, startLine, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
          sCtx.nErr++;
        }else{
          sCtx.nRow++;
        }
      }
    }while( sCtx.cTerm!=EOF );

    import_cleanup(&sCtx);
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( needCommit ) sqlite3_exec(p->db, "COMMIT", 0, 0, 0);
    if( eVerbose>0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out,
          "Added %d rows with %d errors using %d lines of input\n",
          sCtx.nRow, sCtx.nErr, sCtx.nLine-1);
      oputf("Added %d rows with %d errors using %d lines of input\n",
            sCtx.nRow, sCtx.nErr, sCtx.nLine-1);
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
  if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "imposter", n)==0 ){
    char *zSql;
    char *zCollist = 0;
    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
    int tnum = 0;
    int isWO = 0;  /* True if making an imposter of a WITHOUT ROWID table */
    int lenPK = 0; /* Length of the PRIMARY KEY string for isWO tables */
    int i;
    if( !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, ".%s unavailable without --unsafe-testing\n",
                  "imposter");
      eputf(".%s unavailable without --unsafe-testing\n",
            "imposter");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    if( !(nArg==3 || (nArg==2 && sqlite3_stricmp(azArg[1],"off")==0)) ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Usage: .imposter INDEX IMPOSTER\n"
                          "       .imposter off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .imposter INDEX IMPOSTER\n"
            "       .imposter off\n");
      /* Also allowed, but not documented:
      **
      **    .imposter TABLE IMPOSTER
      **
      ** where TABLE is a WITHOUT ROWID table.  In that case, the
      ** imposter is another WITHOUT ROWID table with the columns in
      ** storage order. */

        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", zCol);
      }else{
        zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("%z,\"%w\"", zCollist, zCol);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    if( i==0 || tnum==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "no such index: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      eputf("no such index: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      rc = 1;
      sqlite3_free(zCollist);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    if( lenPK==0 ) lenPK = 100000;
    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
          "CREATE TABLE \"%w\"(%s,PRIMARY KEY(%.*s))WITHOUT ROWID",
          azArg[2], zCollist, lenPK, zCollist);
    sqlite3_free(zCollist);
    rc = sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 1, tnum);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 0);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error in [%s]: %s\n", zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
        eputf("Error in [%s]: %s\n", zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      }else{
        utf8_printf(stdout, "%s;\n", zSql);
        sputf(stdout, "%s;\n", zSql);
        raw_printf(stdout,
          "WARNING: writing to an imposter table will corrupt the \"%s\" %s!\n",
          azArg[1], isWO ? "table" : "index"
        sputf(stdout, "WARNING: writing to an imposter table will corrupt"
              " the \"%s\" %s!\n", azArg[1], isWO ? "table" : "index");
        );
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER returns %d\n", rc);
      eputf("SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER returns %d\n", rc);
      rc = 1;
    }
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL) */

#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
  if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "iotrace", n)==0 ){
    SQLITE_API extern void (SQLITE_CDECL *sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*, ...);
    if( iotrace && iotrace!=stdout ) fclose(iotrace);
    iotrace = 0;
    if( nArg<2 ){
      sqlite3IoTrace = 0;
    }else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "-")==0 ){
      sqlite3IoTrace = iotracePrintf;
      iotrace = stdout;
    }else{
      iotrace = fopen(azArg[1], "w");
      if( iotrace==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        sqlite3IoTrace = 0;
        rc = 1;
      }else{
        sqlite3IoTrace = iotracePrintf;
      }
    }
  }else

      { "trigger_depth",         SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH             },
      { "worker_threads",        SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS            },
    };
    int i, n2;
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( nArg==1 ){
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aLimit); i++){
        printf("%20s %d\n", aLimit[i].zLimitName,
               sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[i].limitCode, -1));
        sputf(stdout, "%20s %d\n", aLimit[i].zLimitName,
              sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[i].limitCode, -1));
      }
    }else if( nArg>3 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .limit NAME ?NEW-VALUE?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .limit NAME ?NEW-VALUE?\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }else{
      int iLimit = -1;
      n2 = strlen30(azArg[1]);
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aLimit); i++){
        if( sqlite3_strnicmp(aLimit[i].zLimitName, azArg[1], n2)==0 ){
          if( iLimit<0 ){
            iLimit = i;
          }else{
            utf8_printf(stderr, "ambiguous limit: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
            eputf("ambiguous limit: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
            rc = 1;
            goto meta_command_exit;
          }
        }
      }
      if( iLimit<0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "unknown limit: \"%s\"\n"
                        "enter \".limits\" with no arguments for a list.\n",
                         azArg[1]);
        eputf("unknown limit: \"%s\"\n"
              "enter \".limits\" with no arguments for a list.\n",
              azArg[1]);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      if( nArg==3 ){
        sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[iLimit].limitCode,
                      (int)integerValue(azArg[2]));
      }
      printf("%20s %d\n", aLimit[iLimit].zLimitName,
             sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[iLimit].limitCode, -1));
      sputf(stdout, "%20s %d\n", aLimit[iLimit].zLimitName,
            sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[iLimit].limitCode, -1));
    }
  }else

  if( c=='l' && n>2 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "lint", n)==0 ){
    open_db(p, 0);
    lintDotCommand(p, azArg, nArg);
  }else

#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
  if( c=='l' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "load", n)==0 ){
    const char *zFile, *zProc;
    char *zErrMsg = 0;
    failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .load in safe mode");
    if( nArg<2 || azArg[1][0]==0 ){
      /* Must have a non-empty FILE. (Will not load self.) */
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .load FILE ?ENTRYPOINT?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .load FILE ?ENTRYPOINT?\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    zFile = azArg[1];
    zProc = nArg>=3 ? azArg[2] : 0;
    open_db(p, 0);
    rc = sqlite3_load_extension(p->db, zFile, zProc, &zErrMsg);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
      eputf("Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
      sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else
#endif

  if( c=='l' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "log", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg!=2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .log FILENAME\n");
      eputz("Usage: .log FILENAME\n");
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      const char *zFile = azArg[1];
      if( p->bSafeMode
       && cli_strcmp(zFile,"on")!=0
       && cli_strcmp(zFile,"off")!=0
      ){
        raw_printf(stdout, "cannot set .log to anything other "
                   "than \"on\" or \"off\"\n");
        sputz(stdout, "cannot set .log to anything other"
              " than \"on\" or \"off\"\n");
        zFile = "off";
      }
      output_file_close(p->pLog);
      if( cli_strcmp(zFile,"on")==0 ) zFile = "stdout";
      p->pLog = output_file_open(zFile, 0);
    }
  }else

          ColModeOpts cmo = ColModeOpts_default_qbox;
          zMode = "box";
          cmOpts = cmo;
        }
      }else if( zTabname==0 ){
        zTabname = z;
      }else if( z[0]=='-' ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "unknown option: %s\n", z);
        utf8_printf(stderr, "options:\n"
                            "  --noquote\n"
                            "  --quote\n"
                            "  --wordwrap on/off\n"
                            "  --wrap N\n"
                            "  --ww\n");
        eputf("unknown option: %s\n", z);
        eputz("options:\n"
              "  --noquote\n"
              "  --quote\n"
              "  --wordwrap on/off\n"
              "  --wrap N\n"
              "  --ww\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        utf8_printf(stderr, "extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
        eputf("extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    if( zMode==0 ){
      if( p->mode==MODE_Column
       || (p->mode>=MODE_Markdown && p->mode<=MODE_Box)
      ){
        raw_printf
          (p->out,
           "current output mode: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s --%squote\n",
           modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
           p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
           p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no");
        oputf("current output mode: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s --%squote\n",
              modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
              p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
              p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no");
      }else{
        raw_printf(p->out, "current output mode: %s\n", modeDescr[p->mode]);
        oputf("current output mode: %s\n", modeDescr[p->mode]);
      }
      zMode = modeDescr[p->mode];
    }
    n2 = strlen30(zMode);
    if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"lines",n2)==0 ){
      p->mode = MODE_Line;
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);

    }else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"count",n2)==0 ){
      p->mode = MODE_Count;
    }else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"off",n2)==0 ){
      p->mode = MODE_Off;
    }else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"json",n2)==0 ){
      p->mode = MODE_Json;
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: mode should be one of: "
         "ascii box column csv html insert json line list markdown "
         "qbox quote table tabs tcl\n");
      eputz("Error: mode should be one of: "
            "ascii box column csv html insert json line list markdown "
            "qbox quote table tabs tcl\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
    p->cMode = p->mode;
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  if( c=='n' && cli_strcmp(azArg[0], "nonce")==0 ){
    if( nArg!=2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .nonce NONCE\n");
      eputz("Usage: .nonce NONCE\n");
      rc = 1;
    }else if( p->zNonce==0 || cli_strcmp(azArg[1],p->zNonce)!=0 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "line %d: incorrect nonce: \"%s\"\n",
                 p->lineno, azArg[1]);
      eputf("line %d: incorrect nonce: \"%s\"\n",
            p->lineno, azArg[1]);
      exit(1);
    }else{
      p->bSafeMode = 0;
      return 0;  /* Return immediately to bypass the safe mode reset
                 ** at the end of this procedure */
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='n' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "nullvalue", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->nullValue), p->nullValue,
                       "%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->nullValue)-1, azArg[1]);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .nullvalue STRING\n");
      eputz("Usage: .nullvalue STRING\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='o' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "open", n)==0 && n>=2 ){
    const char *zFN = 0;     /* Pointer to constant filename */
    char *zNewFilename = 0;  /* Name of the database file to open */

        openMode = SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB;
      }else if( optionMatch(z, "maxsize") && iName+1<nArg ){
        p->szMax = integerValue(azArg[++iName]);
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE */
      }else
#endif /* !SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE */
      if( z[0]=='-' ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "unknown option: %s\n", z);
        eputf("unknown option: %s\n", z);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else if( zFN ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
        eputf("extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        zFN = z;
      }
    }

        shell_check_oom(zNewFilename);
      }else{
        zNewFilename = 0;
      }
      p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename = zNewFilename;
      open_db(p, OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE);
      if( p->db==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open '%s'\n", zNewFilename);
        eputf("Error: cannot open '%s'\n", zNewFilename);
        sqlite3_free(zNewFilename);
      }else{
        p->pAuxDb->zFreeOnClose = zNewFilename;
      }
    }
    if( p->db==0 ){
      /* As a fall-back open a TEMP database */

   || (c=='e' && n==5 && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"excel")==0)
  ){
    char *zFile = 0;
    int bTxtMode = 0;
    int i;
    int eMode = 0;
    int bOnce = 0;            /* 0: .output, 1: .once, 2: .excel */
    static const char *zBomUtf8 = "\xef\xbb\xbf";
    unsigned char zBOM[4];    /* Byte-order mark to using if --bom is present */
    const char *zBom = 0;

    zBOM[0] = 0;
    failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .%s in safe mode", azArg[0]);
    if( c=='e' ){
      eMode = 'x';
      bOnce = 2;
    }else if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"once",n)==0 ){
      bOnce = 1;
    }
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      char *z = azArg[i];
      if( z[0]=='-' ){
        if( z[1]=='-' ) z++;
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bom")==0 ){
          zBOM[0] = 0xef;
          zBOM[1] = 0xbb;
          zBOM[2] = 0xbf;
          zBOM[3] = 0;
          zBom = zBomUtf8;
        }else if( c!='e' && cli_strcmp(z,"-x")==0 ){
          eMode = 'x';  /* spreadsheet */
        }else if( c!='e' && cli_strcmp(z,"-e")==0 ){
          eMode = 'e';  /* text editor */
        }else{
          utf8_printf(p->out, "ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\".  Usage:\n",
          oputf("ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", azArg[i]);
                      azArg[i]);
          showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zFile==0 && eMode!='e' && eMode!='x' ){
        zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", z);
        if( zFile && zFile[0]=='|' ){
          while( i+1<nArg ) zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%z %s", zFile, azArg[++i]);
          break;
        }
      }else{
        utf8_printf(p->out,"ERROR: extra parameter: \"%s\".  Usage:\n",
        oputf("ERROR: extra parameter: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", azArg[i]);
                    azArg[i]);
        showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
        rc = 1;
        sqlite3_free(zFile);
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    if( zFile==0 ){

      sqlite3_free(zFile);
      zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", p->zTempFile);
    }
#endif /* SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM */
    shell_check_oom(zFile);
    if( zFile[0]=='|' ){
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      rc = 1;
      p->out = stdout;
      output_redir(p, stdout);
#else
      p->out = popen(zFile + 1, "w");
      if( p->out==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: cannot open pipe \"%s\"\n", zFile + 1);
      FILE *pfPipe = popen(zFile + 1, "w");
      if( pfPipe==0 ){
        eputf("Error: cannot open pipe \"%s\"\n", zFile + 1);
        p->out = stdout;
        rc = 1;
      }else{
        output_redir(p, pfPipe);
        if( zBOM[0] ) fwrite(zBOM, 1, 3, p->out);
        if( zBom ) oputz(zBom);
        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->outfile), p->outfile, "%s", zFile);
      }
#endif
    }else{
      p->out = output_file_open(zFile, bTxtMode);
      if( p->out==0 ){
      FILE *pfFile = output_file_open(zFile, bTxtMode);
      if( pfFile==0 ){
        if( cli_strcmp(zFile,"off")!=0 ){
          utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: cannot write to \"%s\"\n", zFile);
          eputf("Error: cannot write to \"%s\"\n", zFile);
        }
        p->out = stdout;
        rc = 1;
      } else {
        output_redir(p, pfFile);
        if( zBOM[0] ) fwrite(zBOM, 1, 3, p->out);
        if( zBom ) oputz(zBom);
        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->outfile), p->outfile, "%s", zFile);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_free(zFile);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      pStmt = 0;
      if( len ){
        rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
             "SELECT key, quote(value) "
             "FROM temp.sqlite_parameters;", -1, &pStmt, 0);
        while( rx==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%-*s %s\n", len, sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0),
                      sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1));
          oputf("%-*s %s\n", len, sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0),
                sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1));
        }
        sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      }
    }else

    /* .parameter init
    ** Make sure the TEMP table used to hold bind parameters exists.

        zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
                   "REPLACE INTO temp.sqlite_parameters(key,value)"
                   "VALUES(%Q,%Q);", zKey, zValue);
        shell_check_oom(zSql);
        rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
        sqlite3_free(zSql);
        if( rx!=SQLITE_OK ){
          utf8_printf(p->out, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
          oputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
          sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
          pStmt = 0;
          rc = 1;
        }
      }
      sqlite3_step(pStmt);
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);

    parameter_syntax_error:
    showHelp(p->out, "parameter");
  }else

  if( c=='p' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "print", n)==0 ){
    int i;
    for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
      if( i>1 ) raw_printf(p->out, " ");
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", azArg[i]);
      if( i>1 ) oputz(" ");
      oputz(azArg[i]);
    }
    raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    oputz("\n");
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
  if( c=='p' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "progress", n)==0 ){
    int i;
    int nn = 0;
    p->flgProgress = 0;

        }
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"once")==0 ){
          p->flgProgress |= SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE;
          continue;
        }
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"limit")==0 ){
          if( i+1>=nArg ){
            utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: missing argument on --limit\n");
            eputz("Error: missing argument on --limit\n");
            rc = 1;
            goto meta_command_exit;
          }else{
            p->mxProgress = (int)integerValue(azArg[++i]);
          }
          continue;
        }
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[i]);
        eputf("Error: unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[i]);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        nn = (int)integerValue(z);
      }
    }
    open_db(p, 0);

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  if( c=='r' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "read", n)==0 ){
    FILE *inSaved = p->in;
    int savedLineno = p->lineno;
    failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .read in safe mode");
    if( nArg!=2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .read FILE\n");
      eputz("Usage: .read FILE\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    if( azArg[1][0]=='|' ){
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
      rc = 1;
      p->out = stdout;
#else
      p->in = popen(azArg[1]+1, "r");
      if( p->in==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
        rc = 1;
      }else{
        rc = process_input(p);
        pclose(p->in);
      }
#endif
    }else if( (p->in = openChrSource(azArg[1]))==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      rc = process_input(p);
      fclose(p->in);
    }
    p->in = inSaved;
    p->lineno = savedLineno;

    if( nArg==2 ){
      zSrcFile = azArg[1];
      zDb = "main";
    }else if( nArg==3 ){
      zSrcFile = azArg[2];
      zDb = azArg[1];
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .restore ?DB? FILE\n");
      eputz("Usage: .restore ?DB? FILE\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_open(zSrcFile, &pSrc);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zSrcFile);
      eputf("Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zSrcFile);
      close_db(pSrc);
      return 1;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(p->db, zDb, pSrc, "main");
    if( pBackup==0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      close_db(pSrc);
      return 1;
    }
    while( (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK
          || rc==SQLITE_BUSY  ){
      if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
        if( nTimeout++ >= 3 ) break;
        sqlite3_sleep(100);
      }
    }
    sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
      rc = 0;
    }else if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY || rc==SQLITE_LOCKED ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: source database is busy\n");
      eputz("Error: source database is busy\n");
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
      rc = 1;
    }
    close_db(pSrc);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "scanstats", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "vm")==0 ){
        p->scanstatsOn = 3;
      }else
      if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "est")==0 ){
        p->scanstatsOn = 2;
      }else{
        p->scanstatsOn = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
      }
      open_db(p, 0);
      sqlite3_db_config(
          p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, p->scanstatsOn, (int*)0
      );
#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
      raw_printf(stderr, "Warning: .scanstats not available in this build.\n");
#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS)
      eputz("Warning: .scanstats not available in this build.\n");
#elif !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB)
      if( p->scanstatsOn==3 ){
        eputz("Warning: \".scanstats vm\" not available in this build.\n");
      }
#endif
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .scanstats on|off|est\n");
      eputz("Usage: .scanstats on|off|est\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "schema", n)==0 ){
    ShellText sSelect;
    ShellState data;

      if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"indent") ){
        data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Pretty;
      }else if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"debug") ){
        bDebug = 1;
      }else if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"nosys") ){
        bNoSystemTabs = 1;
      }else if( azArg[ii][0]=='-' ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[ii]);
        eputf("Unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[ii]);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else if( zName==0 ){
        zName = azArg[ii];
      }else{
        raw_printf(stderr,
                   "Usage: .schema ?--indent? ?--nosys? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        eputz("Usage: .schema ?--indent? ?--nosys? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    if( zName!=0 ){
      int isSchema = sqlite3_strlike(zName, "sqlite_master", '\\')==0
                  || sqlite3_strlike(zName, "sqlite_schema", '\\')==0

      }
    }
    if( zDiv ){
      sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
      rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "SELECT name FROM pragma_database_list",
                              -1, &pStmt, 0);
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
        eputf("Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
        sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT sql FROM", 0);
      iSchema = 0;
      while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){

      }
      if( bNoSystemTabs ){
        appendText(&sSelect, "name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%%' AND ", 0);
      }
      appendText(&sSelect, "sql IS NOT NULL"
                           " ORDER BY snum, rowid", 0);
      if( bDebug ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "SQL: %s;\n", sSelect.z);
        oputf("SQL: %s;\n", sSelect.z);
      }else{
        rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, sSelect.z, callback, &data, &zErrMsg);
      }
      freeText(&sSelect);
    }
    if( zErrMsg ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
      eputf("Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
      sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
      rc = 1;
    }else if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
      raw_printf(stderr,"Error: querying schema information\n");
      eputz("Error: querying schema information\n");
      rc = 1;
    }else{
      rc = 0;
    }
  }else

  if( (c=='s' && n==11 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "selecttrace", n)==0)

    ** Invoke the sqlite3session_attach() interface to attach a particular
    ** table so that it is never filtered.
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"attach")==0 ){
      if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pSession->p==0 ){
        session_not_open:
        raw_printf(stderr, "ERROR: No sessions are open\n");
        eputz("ERROR: No sessions are open\n");
      }else{
        rc = sqlite3session_attach(pSession->p, azCmd[1]);
        if( rc ){
          raw_printf(stderr, "ERROR: sqlite3session_attach() returns %d\n", rc);
          eputf("ERROR: sqlite3session_attach() returns %d\n",rc);
          rc = 0;
        }
      }
    }else

    /* .session changeset FILE
    ** .session patchset FILE
    ** Write a changeset or patchset into a file.  The file is overwritten.
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"changeset")==0
     || cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"patchset")==0
    ){
      FILE *out = 0;
      failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run \".session %s\" in safe mode", azCmd[0]);
      if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pSession->p==0 ) goto session_not_open;
      out = fopen(azCmd[1], "wb");
      if( out==0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "ERROR: cannot open \"%s\" for writing\n",
                    azCmd[1]);
        eputf("ERROR: cannot open \"%s\" for writing\n",
              azCmd[1]);
      }else{
        int szChng;
        void *pChng;
        if( azCmd[0][0]=='c' ){
          rc = sqlite3session_changeset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
        }else{
          rc = sqlite3session_patchset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
        }
        if( rc ){
          printf("Error: error code %d\n", rc);
          sputf(stdout, "Error: error code %d\n", rc);
          rc = 0;
        }
        if( pChng
          && fwrite(pChng, szChng, 1, out)!=1 ){
          raw_printf(stderr, "ERROR: Failed to write entire %d-byte output\n",
          eputf("ERROR: Failed to write entire %d-byte output\n", szChng);
                  szChng);
        }
        sqlite3_free(pChng);
        fclose(out);
      }
    }else

    /* .session close

    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "enable")==0 ){
      int ii;
      if( nCmd>2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      ii = nCmd==1 ? -1 : booleanValue(azCmd[1]);
      if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
        ii = sqlite3session_enable(pSession->p, ii);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "session %s enable flag = %d\n",
        oputf("session %s enable flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
                    pSession->zName, ii);
      }
    }else

    /* .session filter GLOB ....
    ** Set a list of GLOB patterns of table names to be excluded.
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "filter")==0 ){
      int ii, nByte;
      if( nCmd<2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
        for(ii=0; ii<pSession->nFilter; ii++){
          sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter[ii]);
        }
        sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter);
        nByte = sizeof(pSession->azFilter[0])*(nCmd-1);
        pSession->azFilter = sqlite3_malloc( nByte );
        if( pSession->azFilter==0 ){
        shell_check_oom( pSession->azFilter );
          raw_printf(stderr, "Error: out or memory\n");
          exit(1);
        }
        for(ii=1; ii<nCmd; ii++){
          char *x = pSession->azFilter[ii-1] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", azCmd[ii]);
          shell_check_oom(x);
        }
        pSession->nFilter = ii-1;
      }
    }else

    /* .session indirect ?BOOLEAN?
    ** Query or set the indirect flag
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "indirect")==0 ){
      int ii;
      if( nCmd>2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      ii = nCmd==1 ? -1 : booleanValue(azCmd[1]);
      if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
        ii = sqlite3session_indirect(pSession->p, ii);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "session %s indirect flag = %d\n",
        oputf("session %s indirect flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
                    pSession->zName, ii);
      }
    }else

    /* .session isempty
    ** Determine if the session is empty
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "isempty")==0 ){
      int ii;
      if( nCmd!=1 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
        ii = sqlite3session_isempty(pSession->p);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "session %s isempty flag = %d\n",
        oputf("session %s isempty flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
                    pSession->zName, ii);
      }
    }else

    /* .session list
    ** List all currently open sessions
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"list")==0 ){
      for(i=0; i<pAuxDb->nSession; i++){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%d %s\n", i, pAuxDb->aSession[i].zName);
        oputf("%d %s\n", i, pAuxDb->aSession[i].zName);
      }
    }else

    /* .session open DB NAME
    ** Open a new session called NAME on the attached database DB.
    ** DB is normally "main".
    */
    if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"open")==0 ){
      char *zName;
      if( nCmd!=3 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      zName = azCmd[2];
      if( zName[0]==0 ) goto session_syntax_error;
      for(i=0; i<pAuxDb->nSession; i++){
        if( cli_strcmp(pAuxDb->aSession[i].zName,zName)==0 ){
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Session \"%s\" already exists\n", zName);
          eputf("Session \"%s\" already exists\n", zName);
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }
      if( pAuxDb->nSession>=ArraySize(pAuxDb->aSession) ){
        raw_printf(stderr,
                   "Maximum of %d sessions\n", ArraySize(pAuxDb->aSession));
        eputf("Maximum of %d sessions\n", ArraySize(pAuxDb->aSession));
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      pSession = &pAuxDb->aSession[pAuxDb->nSession];
      rc = sqlite3session_create(p->db, azCmd[1], &pSession->p);
      if( rc ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Cannot open session: error code=%d\n", rc);
        eputf("Cannot open session: error code=%d\n", rc);
        rc = 0;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      pSession->nFilter = 0;
      sqlite3session_table_filter(pSession->p, session_filter, pSession);
      pAuxDb->nSession++;
      pSession->zName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zName);

  /* Undocumented commands for internal testing.  Subject to change
  ** without notice. */
  if( c=='s' && n>=10 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "selftest-", 9)==0 ){
    if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0]+9, "boolean", n-9)==0 ){
      int i, v;
      for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
        v = booleanValue(azArg[i]);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s: %d 0x%x\n", azArg[i], v, v);
        oputf("%s: %d 0x%x\n", azArg[i], v, v);
      }
    }
    if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0]+9, "integer", n-9)==0 ){
      int i; sqlite3_int64 v;
      for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
        char zBuf[200];
        v = integerValue(azArg[i]);
        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,"%s: %lld 0x%llx\n", azArg[i],v,v);
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s", zBuf);
        oputz(zBuf);
      }
    }
  }else
#endif

  if( c=='s' && n>=4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"selftest",n)==0 ){
    int bIsInit = 0;         /* True to initialize the SELFTEST table */

      if( cli_strcmp(z,"-init")==0 ){
        bIsInit = 1;
      }else
      if( cli_strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
        bVerbose++;
      }else
      {
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n",
        eputf("Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n", azArg[i], azArg[0]);
                    azArg[i], azArg[0]);
        raw_printf(stderr, "Should be one of: --init -v\n");
        eputz("Should be one of: --init -v\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
    }
    if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,"main","selftest",0,0,0,0,0,0)
           != SQLITE_OK ){
      bSelftestExists = 0;

      }else{
        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
          "VALUES(0,'memo','Missing SELFTEST table - default checks only',''),"
          "      (1,'run','PRAGMA integrity_check','ok')",
          -1, &pStmt, 0);
      }
      if( rc ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Error querying the selftest table\n");
        eputz("Error querying the selftest table\n");
        rc = 1;
        sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      for(i=1; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; i++){
        int tno = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
        const char *zOp = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
        const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 2);
        const char *zAns = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 3);

        if( zOp==0 ) continue;
        if( zSql==0 ) continue;
        if( zAns==0 ) continue;
        k = 0;
        if( bVerbose>0 ){
          printf("%d: %s %s\n", tno, zOp, zSql);
          sputf(stdout, "%d: %s %s\n", tno, zOp, zSql);
        }
        if( cli_strcmp(zOp,"memo")==0 ){
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
          oputf("%s\n", zSql);
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(zOp,"run")==0 ){
          char *zErrMsg = 0;
          str.n = 0;
          str.z[0] = 0;
          rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, captureOutputCallback, &str, &zErrMsg);
          nTest++;
          if( bVerbose ){
            utf8_printf(p->out, "Result: %s\n", str.z);
            oputf("Result: %s\n", str.z);
          }
          if( rc || zErrMsg ){
            nErr++;
            rc = 1;
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%d: error-code-%d: %s\n", tno, rc, zErrMsg);
            oputf("%d: error-code-%d: %s\n", tno, rc, zErrMsg);
            sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
          }else if( cli_strcmp(zAns,str.z)!=0 ){
            nErr++;
            rc = 1;
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%d: Expected: [%s]\n", tno, zAns);
            utf8_printf(p->out, "%d:      Got: [%s]\n", tno, str.z);
            oputf("%d: Expected: [%s]\n", tno, zAns);
            oputf("%d:      Got: [%s]\n", tno, str.z);
          }
        }
        }else
        else{
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr,
            "Unknown operation \"%s\" on selftest line %d\n", zOp, tno);
          eputf("Unknown operation \"%s\" on selftest line %d\n", zOp, tno);
          rc = 1;
          break;
        }
      } /* End loop over rows of content from SELFTEST */
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
    } /* End loop over k */
    freeText(&str);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%d errors out of %d tests\n", nErr, nTest);
    oputf("%d errors out of %d tests\n", nErr, nTest);
  }else

  if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "separator", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg<2 || nArg>3 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .separator COL ?ROW?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .separator COL ?ROW?\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
    if( nArg>=2 ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator,
                       "%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->colSeparator)-1, azArg[1]);
    }
    if( nArg>=3 ){

        ){
          iSize = atoi(&z[5]);
        }else
        if( cli_strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
          bDebug = 1;
        }else
        {
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n",
          eputf("Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n", azArg[i], azArg[0]);
                      azArg[i], azArg[0]);
          showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else if( zLike ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        eputz("Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }else{
        zLike = z;
        bSeparate = 1;
        if( sqlite3_strlike("sqlite\\_%", zLike, '\\')==0 ) bSchema = 1;
      }

          "   FROM [sha3sum$query]",
          sSql.z, iSize);
    }
    shell_check_oom(zSql);
    freeText(&sQuery);
    freeText(&sSql);
    if( bDebug ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
      oputf("%s\n", zSql);
    }else{
      shell_exec(p, zSql, 0);
    }
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
    {
      int lrc;
      char *zRevText = /* Query for reversible to-blob-to-text check */

          " from (select 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS bad_text_count\n"
          "FROM '||tname||' WHERE '\n"
          "||group_concat('CAST(CAST('||cname||' AS BLOB) AS TEXT)<>'||cname\n"
          "|| ' AND typeof('||cname||')=''text'' ',\n"
          "' OR ') as query, tname from tabcols group by tname)"
          , zRevText);
      shell_check_oom(zRevText);
      if( bDebug ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zRevText);
      if( bDebug ) oputf("%s\n", zRevText);
      lrc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zRevText, -1, &pStmt, 0);
      if( lrc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        /* assert(lrc==SQLITE_NOMEM); // might also be SQLITE_ERROR if the
        ** user does cruel and unnatural things like ".limit expr_depth 0". */
        rc = 1;
      }else{
        if( zLike ) sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt,1,zLike,-1,SQLITE_STATIC);
        lrc = SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt);
        if( lrc ){
          const char *zGenQuery = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
          sqlite3_stmt *pCheckStmt;
          lrc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zGenQuery, -1, &pCheckStmt, 0);
          if( bDebug ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zGenQuery);
          if( bDebug ) oputf("%s\n", zGenQuery);
          if( lrc!=SQLITE_OK ){
            rc = 1;
          }else{
            if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pCheckStmt) ){
              double countIrreversible = sqlite3_column_double(pCheckStmt, 0);
              if( countIrreversible>0 ){
                int sz = (int)(countIrreversible + 0.5);
                utf8_printf(stderr,
                     "Digest includes %d invalidly encoded text field%s.\n",
                            sz, (sz>1)? "s": "");
                eputf("Digest includes %d invalidly encoded text field%s.\n",
                      sz, (sz>1)? "s": "");
              }
            }
            sqlite3_finalize(pCheckStmt);
          }
          sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        }
      }
      if( rc ) utf8_printf(stderr, ".sha3sum failed.\n");
      if( rc ) eputz(".sha3sum failed.\n");
      sqlite3_free(zRevText);
    }
#endif /* !defined(*_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && !defined(*_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) */
    sqlite3_free(zSql);
  }else

#if !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
  if( c=='s'
   && (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "shell", n)==0
       || cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"system",n)==0)
  ){
    char *zCmd;
    int i, x;
    failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .%s in safe mode", azArg[0]);
    if( nArg<2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .system COMMAND\n");
      eputz("Usage: .system COMMAND\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf(strchr(azArg[1],' ')==0?"%s":"\"%s\"", azArg[1]);
    for(i=2; i<nArg && zCmd!=0; i++){
      zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf(strchr(azArg[i],' ')==0?"%z %s":"%z \"%s\"",
                             zCmd, azArg[i]);
    }
    consoleRestore();
    x = zCmd!=0 ? system(zCmd) : 1;
    consoleRenewSetup();
    sqlite3_free(zCmd);
    if( x ) raw_printf(stderr, "System command returns %d\n", x);
    if( x ) eputf("System command returns %d\n", x);
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */

  if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "show", n)==0 ){
    static const char *azBool[] = { "off", "on", "trigger", "full"};
    const char *zOut;
    int i;
    if( nArg!=1 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .show\n");
      eputz("Usage: .show\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","echo",
                azBool[ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo)]);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","eqp", azBool[p->autoEQP&3]);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","explain",
         p->mode==MODE_Explain ? "on" : p->autoExplain ? "auto" : "off");
    utf8_printf(p->out,"%12.12s: %s\n","headers", azBool[p->showHeader!=0]);
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","echo",
          azBool[ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo)]);
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","eqp", azBool[p->autoEQP&3]);
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","explain",
          p->mode==MODE_Explain ? "on" : p->autoExplain ? "auto" : "off");
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","headers", azBool[p->showHeader!=0]);
    if( p->mode==MODE_Column
     || (p->mode>=MODE_Markdown && p->mode<=MODE_Box)
    ){
      utf8_printf
        (p->out, "%12.12s: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s --%squote\n", "mode",
         modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
         p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
         p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no");
      oputf("%12.12s: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s --%squote\n", "mode",
            modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
            p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
            p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no");
    }else{
      utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","mode", modeDescr[p->mode]);
      oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","mode", modeDescr[p->mode]);
    }
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "nullvalue");
      output_c_string(p->out, p->nullValue);
      raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    utf8_printf(p->out,"%12.12s: %s\n","output",
            strlen30(p->outfile) ? p->outfile : "stdout");
    utf8_printf(p->out,"%12.12s: ", "colseparator");
      output_c_string(p->out, p->colSeparator);
      raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    utf8_printf(p->out,"%12.12s: ", "rowseparator");
      output_c_string(p->out, p->rowSeparator);
      raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    oputf("%12.12s: ", "nullvalue");
    output_c_string(p->nullValue);
    oputz("\n");
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","output",
          strlen30(p->outfile) ? p->outfile : "stdout");
    oputf("%12.12s: ", "colseparator");
     output_c_string(p->colSeparator);
     oputz("\n");
    oputf("%12.12s: ", "rowseparator");
     output_c_string(p->rowSeparator);
     oputz("\n");
    switch( p->statsOn ){
      case 0:  zOut = "off";     break;
      default: zOut = "on";      break;
      case 2:  zOut = "stmt";    break;
      case 3:  zOut = "vmstep";  break;
    }
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","stats", zOut);
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "width");
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n","stats", zOut);
    oputf("%12.12s: ", "width");
    for (i=0;i<p->nWidth;i++) {
      raw_printf(p->out, "%d ", p->colWidth[i]);
      oputf("%d ", p->colWidth[i]);
    }
    raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
    utf8_printf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n", "filename",
                p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename ? p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename : "");
    oputz("\n");
    oputf("%12.12s: %s\n", "filename",
          p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename ? p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename : "");
  }else

  if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "stats", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"stmt")==0 ){
        p->statsOn = 2;
      }else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"vmstep")==0 ){
        p->statsOn = 3;
      }else{
        p->statsOn = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
      }
    }else if( nArg==1 ){
      display_stats(p->db, p, 0);
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .stats ?on|off|stmt|vmstep?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .stats ?on|off|stmt|vmstep?\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

  if( (c=='t' && n>1 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "tables", n)==0)
   || (c=='i' && (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "indices", n)==0
                 || cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "indexes", n)==0) )

      return shellDatabaseError(p->db);
    }

    if( nArg>2 && c=='i' ){
      /* It is an historical accident that the .indexes command shows an error
      ** when called with the wrong number of arguments whereas the .tables
      ** command does not. */
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .indexes ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
      eputz("Usage: .indexes ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
      rc = 1;
      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    for(ii=0; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; ii++){
      const char *zDbName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
      if( zDbName==0 ) continue;

      }
      nPrintCol = 80/(maxlen+2);
      if( nPrintCol<1 ) nPrintCol = 1;
      nPrintRow = (nRow + nPrintCol - 1)/nPrintCol;
      for(i=0; i<nPrintRow; i++){
        for(j=i; j<nRow; j+=nPrintRow){
          char *zSp = j<nPrintRow ? "" : "  ";
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%s%-*s", zSp, maxlen,
                      azResult[j] ? azResult[j]:"");
          oputf("%s%-*s", zSp, maxlen, azResult[j] ? azResult[j]:"");
        }
        raw_printf(p->out, "\n");
        oputz("\n");
      }
    }

    for(ii=0; ii<nRow; ii++) sqlite3_free(azResult[ii]);
    sqlite3_free(azResult);
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  /* Begin redirecting output to the file "testcase-out.txt" */
  if( c=='t' && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"testcase")==0 ){
    output_reset(p);
    p->out = output_file_open("testcase-out.txt", 0);
    if( p->out==0 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot open 'testcase-out.txt'\n");
      eputz("Error: cannot open 'testcase-out.txt'\n");
    }
    if( nArg>=2 ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->zTestcase), p->zTestcase, "%s", azArg[1]);
    }else{
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->zTestcase), p->zTestcase, "?");
    }
  }else

    {"pending_byte",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE,0, "OFFSET  "       },
    {"prng_restore",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE,0, ""               },
    {"prng_save",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE,   0, ""               },
    {"prng_seed",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED,   0, "SEED ?db?"      },
    {"seek_count",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT,  0, ""               },
    {"sorter_mmap",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP, 0, "NMAX"           },
    {"tune",               SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE,        1, "ID VALUE"       },
    {"uselongdouble",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE,0,"?BOOLEAN|\"default\"?"},
    {"uselongdouble",  SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE,0,"?BOOLEAN|\"default\"?"},
    };
    int testctrl = -1;
    int iCtrl = -1;
    int rc2 = 0;    /* 0: usage.  1: %d  2: %x  3: no-output */
    int isOk = 0;
    int i, n2;
    const char *zCmd = 0;

    open_db(p, 0);
    zCmd = nArg>=2 ? azArg[1] : "help";

    /* The argument can optionally begin with "-" or "--" */
    if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ){
      zCmd++;
      if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ) zCmd++;
    }

    /* --help lists all test-controls */
    if( cli_strcmp(zCmd,"help")==0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Available test-controls:\n");
      oputz("Available test-controls:\n");
      for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
        if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
        utf8_printf(p->out, "  .testctrl %s %s\n",
                    aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
        oputf("  .testctrl %s %s\n",
              aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
      }
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }

    /* convert testctrl text option to value. allow any unique prefix
    ** of the option name, or a numerical value. */
    n2 = strlen30(zCmd);
    for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
      if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
      if( cli_strncmp(zCmd, aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, n2)==0 ){
        if( testctrl<0 ){
          testctrl = aCtrl[i].ctrlCode;
          iCtrl = i;
        }else{
          utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: ambiguous test-control: \"%s\"\n"
                              "Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
          eputf("Error: ambiguous test-control: \"%s\"\n"
                "Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }
    }
    if( testctrl<0 ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unknown test-control: %s\n"
                         "Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
      eputf("Error: unknown test-control: %s\n"
            "Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
    }else{
      switch(testctrl){

        /* sqlite3_test_control(int, db, int) */
        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS:
        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION:
          if( nArg==3 ){

        /* sqlite3_test_control(int, int, sqlite3*) */
        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED:
          if( nArg==3 || nArg==4 ){
            int ii = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
            sqlite3 *db;
            if( ii==0 && cli_strcmp(azArg[2],"random")==0 ){
              sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(ii),&ii);
              printf("-- random seed: %d\n", ii);
              sputf(stdout, "-- random seed: %d\n", ii);
            }
            if( nArg==3 ){
              db = 0;
            }else{
              db = p->db;
              /* Make sure the schema has been loaded */
              sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, 0, "x", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);

            isOk = 3;
          }
          break;

        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT: {
          u64 x = 0;
          rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, &x);
          utf8_printf(p->out, "%llu\n", x);
          oputf("%llu\n", x);
          isOk = 3;
          break;
        }

#ifdef YYCOVERAGE
        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE: {
          if( nArg==2 ){

            isOk = 1;
          }else if( nArg==2 ){
            int id = 1;
            while(1){
              int val = 0;
              rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, -id, &val);
              if( rc2!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
              if( id>1 ) utf8_printf(p->out, "  ");
              utf8_printf(p->out, "%d: %d", id, val);
              if( id>1 ) oputz("  ");
              oputf("%d: %d", id, val);
              id++;
            }
            if( id>1 ) utf8_printf(p->out, "\n");
            if( id>1 ) oputz("\n");
            isOk = 3;
          }
          break;
        }
#endif
        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP:
          if( nArg==3 ){
            int opt = (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
            rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, opt);
            isOk = 3;
          }
          break;
      }
    }
    if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "Usage: .testctrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      oputf("Usage: .testctrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
      rc = 1;
    }else if( isOk==1 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "%d\n", rc2);
      oputf("%d\n", rc2);
    }else if( isOk==2 ){
      raw_printf(p->out, "0x%08x\n", rc2);
      oputf("0x%08x\n", rc2);
    }
  }else
#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_UNTESTABLE) */

  if( c=='t' && n>4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "timeout", n)==0 ){
    open_db(p, 0);
    sqlite3_busy_timeout(p->db, nArg>=2 ? (int)integerValue(azArg[1]) : 0);
  }else

  if( c=='t' && n>=5 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "timer", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg==2 ){
      enableTimer = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
      if( enableTimer && !HAS_TIMER ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Error: timer not available on this system.\n");
        eputz("Error: timer not available on this system.\n");
        enableTimer = 0;
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .timer on|off\n");
      eputz("Usage: .timer on|off\n");
      rc = 1;
    }
  }else

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
  if( c=='t' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "trace", n)==0 ){
    int mType = 0;

        else if( optionMatch(z, "stmt") ){
          mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_STMT;
        }
        else if( optionMatch(z, "close") ){
          mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE;
        }
        else {
          raw_printf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\" on \".trace\"\n", z);
          eputf("Unknown option \"%s\" on \".trace\"\n", z);
          rc = 1;
          goto meta_command_exit;
        }
      }else{
        output_file_close(p->traceOut);
        p->traceOut = output_file_open(z, 0);
      }

#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
  if( c=='u' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "unmodule", n)==0 ){
    int ii;
    int lenOpt;
    char *zOpt;
    if( nArg<2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .unmodule [--allexcept] NAME ...\n");
      eputz("Usage: .unmodule [--allexcept] NAME ...\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    zOpt = azArg[1];
    if( zOpt[0]=='-' && zOpt[1]=='-' && zOpt[2]!=0 ) zOpt++;
    lenOpt = (int)strlen(zOpt);

    }
  }else
#endif

#if SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
  if( c=='u' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "user", n)==0 ){
    if( nArg<2 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user SUBCOMMAND ...\n");
      eputz("Usage: .user SUBCOMMAND ...\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
    open_db(p, 0);
    if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"login")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=4 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user login USER PASSWORD\n");
        eputz("Usage: .user login USER PASSWORD\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_authenticate(p->db, azArg[2], azArg[3],
                                     strlen30(azArg[3]));
      if( rc ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Authentication failed for user %s\n", azArg[2]);
        eputf("Authentication failed for user %s\n", azArg[2]);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"add")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=5 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user add USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");
        eputz("Usage: .user add USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_add(p->db, azArg[2], azArg[3], strlen30(azArg[3]),
                            booleanValue(azArg[4]));
      if( rc ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "User-Add failed: %d\n", rc);
        eputf("User-Add failed: %d\n", rc);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"edit")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=5 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user edit USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");
        eputz("Usage: .user edit USER PASSWORD ISADMIN\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_change(p->db, azArg[2], azArg[3], strlen30(azArg[3]),
                              booleanValue(azArg[4]));
      if( rc ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "User-Edit failed: %d\n", rc);
        eputf("User-Edit failed: %d\n", rc);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"delete")==0 ){
      if( nArg!=3 ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user delete USER\n");
        eputz("Usage: .user delete USER\n");
        rc = 1;
        goto meta_command_exit;
      }
      rc = sqlite3_user_delete(p->db, azArg[2]);
      if( rc ){
        raw_printf(stderr, "User-Delete failed: %d\n", rc);
        eputf("User-Delete failed: %d\n", rc);
        rc = 1;
      }
    }else{
      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .user login|add|edit|delete ...\n");
      eputz("Usage: .user login|add|edit|delete ...\n");
      rc = 1;
      goto meta_command_exit;
    }
  }else
#endif /* SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION */

  if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "version", n)==0 ){
    char *zPtrSz = sizeof(void*)==8 ? "64-bit" : "32-bit";
    utf8_printf(p->out, "SQLite %s %s\n" /*extra-version-info*/,
        sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
    oputf("SQLite %s %s\n" /*extra-version-info*/,
          sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
#if SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
    utf8_printf(p->out, "zlib version %s\n", zlibVersion());
    oputf("zlib version %s\n", zlibVersion());
#endif
#define CTIMEOPT_VAL_(opt) #opt
#define CTIMEOPT_VAL(opt) CTIMEOPT_VAL_(opt)
#if defined(__clang__) && defined(__clang_major__)
    utf8_printf(p->out, "clang-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_major__) "."
                    CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_minor__) "."
                    CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_patchlevel__) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
    oputf("clang-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_major__) "."
          CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_minor__) "."
          CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_patchlevel__) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
    utf8_printf(p->out, "msvc-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(_MSC_VER) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
    oputf("msvc-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(_MSC_VER) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__VERSION__)
    utf8_printf(p->out, "gcc-" __VERSION__ " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
    oputf("gcc-" __VERSION__ " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
#endif
  }else

  if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfsinfo", n)==0 ){
    const char *zDbName = nArg==2 ? azArg[1] : "main";
    sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = 0;
    if( p->db ){
      sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDbName, SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER, &pVfs);
      if( pVfs ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "vfs.zName      = \"%s\"\n", pVfs->zName);
        raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
        raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
        raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
        oputf("vfs.zName      = \"%s\"\n", pVfs->zName);
        oputf("vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
        oputf("vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
        oputf("vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
      }
    }
  }else

  if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfslist", n)==0 ){
    sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;
    sqlite3_vfs *pCurrent = 0;
    if( p->db ){
      sqlite3_file_control(p->db, "main", SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER, &pCurrent);
    }
    for(pVfs=sqlite3_vfs_find(0); pVfs; pVfs=pVfs->pNext){
      utf8_printf(p->out, "vfs.zName      = \"%s\"%s\n", pVfs->zName,
           pVfs==pCurrent ? "  <--- CURRENT" : "");
      raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
      raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
      raw_printf(p->out, "vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
      oputf("vfs.zName      = \"%s\"%s\n", pVfs->zName,
            pVfs==pCurrent ? "  <--- CURRENT" : "");
      oputf("vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
      oputf("vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
      oputf("vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
      if( pVfs->pNext ){
        raw_printf(p->out, "-----------------------------------\n");
        oputz("-----------------------------------\n");
      }
    }
  }else

  if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfsname", n)==0 ){
    const char *zDbName = nArg==2 ? azArg[1] : "main";
    char *zVfsName = 0;
    if( p->db ){
      sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDbName, SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME, &zVfsName);
      if( zVfsName ){
        utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zVfsName);
        oputf("%s\n", zVfsName);
        sqlite3_free(zVfsName);
      }
    }
  }else

  if( c=='w' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "wheretrace", n)==0 ){
    unsigned int x = nArg>=2? (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[1]) : 0xffffffff;

    if( p->nWidth ) p->actualWidth = &p->colWidth[p->nWidth];
    for(j=1; j<nArg; j++){
      p->colWidth[j-1] = (int)integerValue(azArg[j]);
    }
  }else

  {
    utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: unknown command or invalid arguments: "
      " \"%s\". Enter \".help\" for help\n", azArg[0]);
    eputf("Error: unknown command or invalid arguments: "
          " \"%s\". Enter \".help\" for help\n", azArg[0]);
    rc = 1;
  }

meta_command_exit:
  if( p->outCount ){
    p->outCount--;
    if( p->outCount==0 ) output_reset(p);

    }
    if( in!=0 || !stdin_is_interactive ){
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zPrefix), zPrefix,
                       "%s near line %d:", zErrorType, startline);
    }else{
      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zPrefix), zPrefix, "%s:", zErrorType);
    }
    utf8_printf(stderr, "%s %s\n", zPrefix, zErrorTail);
    eputf("%s %s\n", zPrefix, zErrorTail);
    sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
    zErrMsg = 0;
    return 1;
  }else if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_CountChanges) ){
    char zLineBuf[2000];
    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLineBuf), zLineBuf,
            "changes: %lld   total_changes: %lld",
            sqlite3_changes64(p->db), sqlite3_total_changes64(p->db));
    raw_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zLineBuf);
    oputf("%s\n", zLineBuf);
  }
  return 0;
}

static void echo_group_input(ShellState *p, const char *zDo){
  if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo) ) utf8_printf(p->out, "%s\n", zDo);
  if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo) ) oputf("%s\n", zDo);
}

#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
/*
** Alternate one_input_line() impl for wasm mode. This is not in the primary
** impl because we need the global shellState and cannot access it from that
** function without moving lots of code around (creating a larger/messier diff).

  int rc;                   /* Error code */
  int errCnt = 0;           /* Number of errors seen */
  i64 startline = 0;        /* Line number for start of current input */
  QuickScanState qss = QSS_Start; /* Accumulated line status (so far) */

  if( p->inputNesting==MAX_INPUT_NESTING ){
    /* This will be more informative in a later version. */
    utf8_printf(stderr,"Input nesting limit (%d) reached at line %d."
                " Check recursion.\n", MAX_INPUT_NESTING, p->lineno);
    eputf("Input nesting limit (%d) reached at line %d."
          " Check recursion.\n", MAX_INPUT_NESTING, p->lineno);
    return 1;
  }
  ++p->inputNesting;
  p->lineno = 0;
  CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET;
  while( errCnt==0 || !bail_on_error || (p->in==0 && stdin_is_interactive) ){
    fflush(p->out);
    zLine = one_input_line(p->in, zLine, nSql>0);
    if( zLine==0 ){
      /* End of input */
      if( p->in==0 && stdin_is_interactive ) printf("\n");
      if( p->in==0 && stdin_is_interactive ) oputz("\n");
      break;
    }
    if( seenInterrupt ){
      if( p->in!=0 ) break;
      seenInterrupt = 0;
    }
    p->lineno++;

  if( sqliterc == NULL ){
    sqliterc = find_xdg_config();
  }
  if( sqliterc == NULL ){
    home_dir = find_home_dir(0);
    if( home_dir==0 ){
      raw_printf(stderr, "-- warning: cannot find home directory;"
                      " cannot read ~/.sqliterc\n");
      eputz("-- warning: cannot find home directory;"
            " cannot read ~/.sqliterc\n");
      return;
    }
    zBuf = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/.sqliterc",home_dir);
    shell_check_oom(zBuf);
    sqliterc = zBuf;
  }
  p->in = fopen(sqliterc,"rb");
  if( p->in ){
    if( stdin_is_interactive ){
      utf8_printf(stderr,"-- Loading resources from %s\n",sqliterc);
      eputf("-- Loading resources from %s\n", sqliterc);
    }
    if( process_input(p) && bail_on_error ) exit(1);
    fclose(p->in);
  }else if( sqliterc_override!=0 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr,"cannot open: \"%s\"\n", sqliterc);
    eputf("cannot open: \"%s\"\n", sqliterc);
    if( bail_on_error ) exit(1);
  }
  p->in = inSaved;
  p->lineno = savedLineno;
  sqlite3_free(zBuf);
}

#endif
  "   -memtrace            trace all memory allocations and deallocations\n"
  "   -mmap N              default mmap size set to N\n"
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
  "   -multiplex           enable the multiplexor VFS\n"
#endif
  "   -newline SEP         set output row separator. Default: '\\n'\n"
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
  "   -no-utf8             do not try to set up UTF-8 output (for legacy)\n"
#endif
  "   -nofollow            refuse to open symbolic links to database files\n"
  "   -nonce STRING        set the safe-mode escape nonce\n"
  "   -nullvalue TEXT      set text string for NULL values. Default ''\n"
  "   -pagecache SIZE N    use N slots of SZ bytes each for page cache memory\n"
  "   -pcachetrace         trace all page cache operations\n"
  "   -quote               set output mode to 'quote'\n"
  "   -readonly            open the database read-only\n"
  "   -safe                enable safe-mode\n"
  "   -separator SEP       set output column separator. Default: '|'\n"
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES
  "   -sorterref SIZE      sorter references threshold size\n"
#endif
  "   -stats               print memory stats before each finalize\n"
  "   -table               set output mode to 'table'\n"
  "   -tabs                set output mode to 'tabs'\n"
  "   -unsafe-testing      allow unsafe commands and modes for testing\n"
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT && 0 /* Option is accepted, but is now the default. */
  "   -utf8                setup interactive console code page for UTF-8\n"
#endif
  "   -version             show SQLite version\n"
  "   -vfs NAME            use NAME as the default VFS\n"
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE
  "   -vfstrace            enable tracing of all VFS calls\n"
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
  "   -zip                 open the file as a ZIP Archive\n"
#endif
;
static void usage(int showDetail){
  utf8_printf(stderr,
      "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] [FILENAME [SQL]]\n"
      "FILENAME is the name of an SQLite database. A new database is created\n"
      "if the file does not previously exist. Defaults to :memory:.\n", Argv0);
  eputf("Usage: %s [OPTIONS] [FILENAME [SQL]]\n"
       "FILENAME is the name of an SQLite database. A new database is created\n"
       "if the file does not previously exist. Defaults to :memory:.\n", Argv0);
  if( showDetail ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "OPTIONS include:\n%s", zOptions);
    eputf("OPTIONS include:\n%s", zOptions);
  }else{
    raw_printf(stderr, "Use the -help option for additional information\n");
    eputz("Use the -help option for additional information\n");
  }
  exit(1);
}

/*
** Internal check:  Verify that the SQLite is uninitialized.  Print a
** error message if it is initialized.
*/
static void verify_uninitialized(void){
  if( sqlite3_config(-1)==SQLITE_MISUSE ){
    utf8_printf(stdout, "WARNING: attempt to configure SQLite after"
                        " initialization.\n");
    sputz(stdout, "WARNING: attempt to configure SQLite after"
          " initialization.\n");
  }
}

/*
** Initialize the state information in data
*/
static void main_init(ShellState *data) {

  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(mainPrompt), mainPrompt,"sqlite> ");
  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(continuePrompt), continuePrompt,"   ...> ");
}

/*
** Output text to the console in a font that attracts extra attention.
*/
#ifdef _WIN32
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
static void printBold(const char *zText){
#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
  HANDLE out = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
  CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO defaultScreenInfo;
  GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(out, &defaultScreenInfo);
  SetConsoleTextAttribute(out,
         FOREGROUND_RED|FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
  );
#endif
  printf("%s", zText);
  oputz(zText);
#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
  SetConsoleTextAttribute(out, defaultScreenInfo.wAttributes);
#endif
}
#else
static void printBold(const char *zText){
  printf("\033[1m%s\033[0m", zText);
  oputf("\033[1m%s\033[0m", zText);
}
#endif

/*
** Get the argument to an --option.  Throw an error and die if no argument
** is available.
*/
static char *cmdline_option_value(int argc, char **argv, int i){
  if( i==argc ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "%s: Error: missing argument to %s\n",
    eputf("%s: Error: missing argument to %s\n", argv[0], argv[argc-1]);
            argv[0], argv[argc-1]);
    exit(1);
  }
  return argv[i];
}

static void sayAbnormalExit(void){
  if( seenInterrupt ) fprintf(stderr, "Program interrupted.\n");
  if( seenInterrupt ) eputz("Program interrupted.\n");
}

#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
#  if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) \
   && (defined(_MSC_VER) || (defined(UNICODE) && defined(__GNUC__)))
#    define SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8          (0)
#  else

  sqlite3_int64 mem_main_enter = 0;
#endif
  char *zErrMsg = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
#  define data shellState
#else
  ShellState data;
  StreamsAreConsole consStreams = SAC_NoConsole;
#endif
  const char *zInitFile = 0;
  int i;
  int rc = 0;
  int warnInmemoryDb = 0;
  int readStdin = 1;
  int nCmd = 0;

  setvbuf(stderr, 0, _IONBF, 0); /* Make sure stderr is unbuffered */

#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  stdin_is_interactive = 0;
  stdout_is_console = 1;
  data.wasm.zDefaultDbName = "/fiddle.sqlite3";
#else
  consStreams = consoleClassifySetup(stdin, stdout, stderr);
  stdin_is_interactive = isatty(0);
  stdout_is_console = isatty(1);
  stdin_is_interactive = (consStreams & SAC_InConsole)!=0;
  stdout_is_console = (consStreams & SAC_OutConsole)!=0;
#endif
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
  probe_console(); /* Check for console I/O and UTF-8 capability. */
  if( !mbcs_opted ) atexit(console_restore);
  atexit(consoleRestore);
#endif
  atexit(sayAbnormalExit);
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  mem_main_enter = sqlite3_memory_used();
#endif
#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
  if( getenv("SQLITE_DEBUG_BREAK") ){
    if( isatty(0) && isatty(2) ){
      fprintf(stderr,
          "attach debugger to process %d and press any key to continue.\n",
          GETPID());
      eputf("attach debugger to process %d and press any key to continue.\n",
            GETPID());
      fgetc(stdin);
    }else{
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
#if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
      __debugbreak();
#else
      DebugBreak();
#endif
#elif defined(SIGTRAP)
      raise(SIGTRAP);
#endif
    }
  }
#endif
  /* Register a valid signal handler early, before much else is done. */
#ifdef SIGINT
  signal(SIGINT, interrupt_handler);
#elif (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
  if( !SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ConsoleCtrlHandler, TRUE) ){
    fprintf(stderr, "No ^C handler.\n");
    eputz("No ^C handler.\n");
  }
#endif

#if USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE+0!=1
  if( cli_strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,60)!=0 ){
    utf8_printf(stderr, "SQLite header and source version mismatch\n%s\n%s\n",
            sqlite3_sourceid(), SQLITE_SOURCE_ID);
    eputf("SQLite header and source version mismatch\n%s\n%s\n",
          sqlite3_sourceid(), SQLITE_SOURCE_ID);
    exit(1);
  }
#endif
  main_init(&data);

  /* On Windows, we must translate command-line arguments into UTF-8.
  ** The SQLite memory allocator subsystem has to be enabled in order to

    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
      /* Need to check for batch mode here to so we can avoid printing
      ** informational messages (like from process_sqliterc) before
      ** we do the actual processing of arguments later in a second pass.
      */
      stdin_is_interactive = 0;
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
      /* Option accepted, but is ignored except for this diagnostic. */
      if( mbcs_opted ) fprintf(stderr, "Cannot do UTF-8 at this console.\n");
#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-utf8")==0 ){
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
      mbcs_opted = 1;
#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-heap")==0 ){
#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5)
      const char *zSize;
      sqlite3_int64 szHeap;

      zSize = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
      szHeap = integerValue(zSize);

#endif

  if( zVfs ){
    sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(zVfs);
    if( pVfs ){
      sqlite3_vfs_register(pVfs, 1);
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr, "no such VFS: \"%s\"\n", zVfs);
      eputf("no such VFS: \"%s\"\n", zVfs);
      exit(1);
    }
  }
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
  /* Get indicated Windows console setup done before running invocation commands. */
  if( in_console || out_console ){
    console_prepare_utf8();
  }
  if( !in_console ){
    setBinaryMode(stdin, 0);
  }
#endif

  if( data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename==0 ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORYDB
    data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename = ":memory:";
    warnInmemoryDb = argc==1;
#else
    utf8_printf(stderr,"%s: Error: no database filename specified\n", Argv0);
    eputf("%s: Error: no database filename specified\n", Argv0);
    return 1;
#endif
  }
  data.out = stdout;
#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
  sqlite3_appendvfs_init(0,0,0);
#endif

      ** prior to sending the SQL into SQLite.  Useful for injecting
      ** crazy bytes in the middle of SQL statements for testing and debugging.
      */
      ShellSetFlag(&data, SHFLG_Backslash);
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bail")==0 ){
      /* No-op.  The bail_on_error flag should already be set. */
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-version")==0 ){
      printf("%s %s (%d-bit)\n", sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(),
             8*(int)sizeof(char*));
      oputf("%s %s (%d-bit)\n", sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(),
            8*(int)sizeof(char*));
      return 0;
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interactive")==0 ){
      /* already handled */
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
      /* already handled */
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
      /* already handled */

      if( z[0]=='.' ){
        rc = do_meta_command(z, &data);
        if( rc && bail_on_error ) return rc==2 ? 0 : rc;
      }else{
        open_db(&data, 0);
        rc = shell_exec(&data, z, &zErrMsg);
        if( zErrMsg!=0 ){
          utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
          eputf("Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
          if( bail_on_error ) return rc!=0 ? rc : 1;
        }else if( rc!=0 ){
          utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unable to process SQL \"%s\"\n", z);
          eputf("Error: unable to process SQL \"%s\"\n", z);
          if( bail_on_error ) return rc;
        }
      }
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
    }else if( cli_strncmp(z, "-A", 2)==0 ){
      if( nCmd>0 ){
        utf8_printf(stderr, "Error: cannot mix regular SQL or dot-commands"
                            " with \"%s\"\n", z);
        eputf("Error: cannot mix regular SQL or dot-commands"
              " with \"%s\"\n", z);
        return 1;
      }
      open_db(&data, OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE);
      if( z[2] ){
        argv[i] = &z[2];
        arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+(i-1), argc-(i-1));
      }else{
        arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+i, argc-i);
      }
      readStdin = 0;
      break;
#endif
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-safe")==0 ){
      data.bSafeMode = data.bSafeModePersist = 1;
    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-unsafe-testing")==0 ){
      /* Acted upon in first pass. */
    }else{
      utf8_printf(stderr,"%s: Error: unknown option: %s\n", Argv0, z);
      raw_printf(stderr,"Use -help for a list of options.\n");
      eputf("%s: Error: unknown option: %s\n", Argv0, z);
      eputz("Use -help for a list of options.\n");
      return 1;
    }
    data.cMode = data.mode;
  }

  if( !readStdin ){
    /* Run all arguments that do not begin with '-' as if they were separate

        }
      }else{
        open_db(&data, 0);
        echo_group_input(&data, azCmd[i]);
        rc = shell_exec(&data, azCmd[i], &zErrMsg);
        if( zErrMsg || rc ){
          if( zErrMsg!=0 ){
            utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
            eputf("Error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
          }else{
            utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unable to process SQL: %s\n", azCmd[i]);
            eputf("Error: unable to process SQL: %s\n", azCmd[i]);
          }
          sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
          free(azCmd);
          return rc!=0 ? rc : 1;
        }
      }
    }
  }else{
    /* Run commands received from standard input
    */
    if( stdin_is_interactive ){
      char *zHome;
      char *zHistory;
      const char *zCharset = "";
      int nHistory;
#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
      switch( console_utf8_in+2*console_utf8_out ){
      default: case 0: break;
#if CIO_WIN_WC_XLATE
# define SHELL_CIO_CHAR_SET (stdout_is_console? " (UTF-16 console I/O)" : "")
#else
# define SHELL_CIO_CHAR_SET ""
      case 1: zCharset = " (utf8 in)"; break;
      case 2: zCharset = " (utf8 out)"; break;
      case 3: zCharset = " (utf8 I/O)"; break;
      }
#endif
      printf(
        "SQLite version %s %.19s%s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
        "Enter \".help\" for usage hints.\n",
        sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(), zCharset
      oputf("SQLite version %s %.19s%s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
            "Enter \".help\" for usage hints.\n",
            sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(), SHELL_CIO_CHAR_SET);
      );
      if( warnInmemoryDb ){
        printf("Connected to a ");
        oputz("Connected to a ");
        printBold("transient in-memory database");
        printf(".\nUse \".open FILENAME\" to reopen on a "
               "persistent database.\n");
        oputz(".\nUse \".open FILENAME\" to reopen on a"
              " persistent database.\n");
      }
      zHistory = getenv("SQLITE_HISTORY");
      if( zHistory ){
        zHistory = strdup(zHistory);
      }else if( (zHome = find_home_dir(0))!=0 ){
        nHistory = strlen30(zHome) + 20;
        if( (zHistory = malloc(nHistory))!=0 ){